# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright: (c) 2015, Joseph Callen <jcallen () csc.com>
# Copyright: (c) 2018, Ansible Project
# Copyright: (c) 2018, James E. King III (@jeking3) <jking@apache.org>
# GNU General Public License v3.0+ (see COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.txt)

from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
__metaclass__ = type

import atexit
import ansible.module_utils.common._collections_compat as collections_compat
import json
import os
import re
import ssl
import time
import traceback
from random import randint
from distutils.version import StrictVersion

REQUESTS_IMP_ERR = None
try:
    # requests is required for exception handling of the ConnectionError
    import requests
    HAS_REQUESTS = True
except ImportError:
    REQUESTS_IMP_ERR = traceback.format_exc()
    HAS_REQUESTS = False

PYVMOMI_IMP_ERR = None
try:
    from pyVim import connect
    from pyVmomi import vim, vmodl, VmomiSupport
    HAS_PYVMOMI = True
    HAS_PYVMOMIJSON = hasattr(VmomiSupport, 'VmomiJSONEncoder')
except ImportError:
    PYVMOMI_IMP_ERR = traceback.format_exc()
    HAS_PYVMOMI = False
    HAS_PYVMOMIJSON = False

from ansible.module_utils._text import to_text, to_native
from ansible.module_utils.six import integer_types, iteritems, string_types, raise_from
from ansible.module_utils.basic import env_fallback, missing_required_lib


class TaskError(Exception):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(TaskError, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)


def wait_for_task(task, max_backoff=64, timeout=3600):
    """Wait for given task using exponential back-off algorithm.

    Args:
        task: VMware task object
        max_backoff: Maximum amount of sleep time in seconds
        timeout: Timeout for the given task in seconds

    Returns: Tuple with True and result for successful task
    Raises: TaskError on failure
    """
    failure_counter = 0
    start_time = time.time()

    while True:
        if time.time() - start_time >= timeout:
            raise TaskError("Timeout")
        if task.info.state == vim.TaskInfo.State.success:
            return True, task.info.result
        if task.info.state == vim.TaskInfo.State.error:
            error_msg = task.info.error
            host_thumbprint = None
            try:
                error_msg = error_msg.msg
                if hasattr(task.info.error, 'thumbprint'):
                    host_thumbprint = task.info.error.thumbprint
            except AttributeError:
                pass
            finally:
                raise_from(TaskError(error_msg, host_thumbprint), task.info.error)
        if task.info.state in [vim.TaskInfo.State.running, vim.TaskInfo.State.queued]:
            sleep_time = min(2 ** failure_counter + randint(1, 1000) / 1000, max_backoff)
            time.sleep(sleep_time)
            failure_counter += 1


def wait_for_vm_ip(content, vm, timeout=300):
    facts = dict()
    interval = 15
    while timeout > 0:
        _facts = gather_vm_facts(content, vm)
        if _facts['ipv4'] or _facts['ipv6']:
            facts = _facts
            break
        time.sleep(interval)
        timeout -= interval

    return facts


def find_obj(content, vimtype, name, first=True, folder=None):
    container = content.viewManager.CreateContainerView(folder or content.rootFolder, recursive=True, type=vimtype)
    # Get all objects matching type (and name if given)
    obj_list = [obj for obj in container.view if not name or to_text(obj.name) == to_text(name)]
    container.Destroy()

    # Return first match or None
    if first:
        if obj_list:
            return obj_list[0]
        return None

    # Return all matching objects or empty list
    return obj_list


def find_dvspg_by_name(dv_switch, portgroup_name):

    portgroups = dv_switch.portgroup

    for pg in portgroups:
        if pg.name == portgroup_name:
            return pg

    return None


def find_object_by_name(content, name, obj_type, folder=None, recurse=True):
    if not isinstance(obj_type, list):
        obj_type = [obj_type]

    objects = get_all_objs(content, obj_type, folder=folder, recurse=recurse)
    for obj in objects:
        if obj.name == name:
            return obj

    return None


def find_cluster_by_name(content, cluster_name, datacenter=None):

    if datacenter:
        folder = datacenter.hostFolder
    else:
        folder = content.rootFolder

    return find_object_by_name(content, cluster_name, [vim.ClusterComputeResource], folder=folder)


def find_datacenter_by_name(content, datacenter_name):
    return find_object_by_name(content, datacenter_name, [vim.Datacenter])


def get_parent_datacenter(obj):
    """ Walk the parent tree to find the objects datacenter """
    if isinstance(obj, vim.Datacenter):
        return obj
    datacenter = None
    while True:
        if not hasattr(obj, 'parent'):
            break
        obj = obj.parent
        if isinstance(obj, vim.Datacenter):
            datacenter = obj
            break
    return datacenter


def find_datastore_by_name(content, datastore_name):
    return find_object_by_name(content, datastore_name, [vim.Datastore])


def find_dvs_by_name(content, switch_name):
    return find_object_by_name(content, switch_name, [vim.DistributedVirtualSwitch])


def find_hostsystem_by_name(content, hostname):
    return find_object_by_name(content, hostname, [vim.HostSystem])


def find_resource_pool_by_name(content, resource_pool_name):
    return find_object_by_name(content, resource_pool_name, [vim.ResourcePool])


def find_network_by_name(content, network_name):
    return find_object_by_name(content, network_name, [vim.Network])


def find_vm_by_id(content, vm_id, vm_id_type="vm_name", datacenter=None,
                  cluster=None, folder=None, match_first=False):
    """ UUID is unique to a VM, every other id returns the first match. """
    si = content.searchIndex
    vm = None

    if vm_id_type == 'dns_name':
        vm = si.FindByDnsName(datacenter=datacenter, dnsName=vm_id, vmSearch=True)
    elif vm_id_type == 'uuid':
        # Search By BIOS UUID rather than instance UUID
        vm = si.FindByUuid(datacenter=datacenter, instanceUuid=False, uuid=vm_id, vmSearch=True)
    elif vm_id_type == 'instance_uuid':
        vm = si.FindByUuid(datacenter=datacenter, instanceUuid=True, uuid=vm_id, vmSearch=True)
    elif vm_id_type == 'ip':
        vm = si.FindByIp(datacenter=datacenter, ip=vm_id, vmSearch=True)
    elif vm_id_type == 'vm_name':
        folder = None
        if cluster:
            folder = cluster
        elif datacenter:
            folder = datacenter.hostFolder
        vm = find_vm_by_name(content, vm_id, folder)
    elif vm_id_type == 'inventory_path':
        searchpath = folder
        # get all objects for this path
        f_obj = si.FindByInventoryPath(searchpath)
        if f_obj:
            if isinstance(f_obj, vim.Datacenter):
                f_obj = f_obj.vmFolder
            for c_obj in f_obj.childEntity:
                if not isinstance(c_obj, vim.VirtualMachine):
                    continue
                if c_obj.name == vm_id:
                    vm = c_obj
                    if match_first:
                        break
    return vm


def find_vm_by_name(content, vm_name, folder=None, recurse=True):
    return find_object_by_name(content, vm_name, [vim.VirtualMachine], folder=folder, recurse=recurse)


def find_host_portgroup_by_name(host, portgroup_name):

    for portgroup in host.config.network.portgroup:
        if portgroup.spec.name == portgroup_name:
            return portgroup
    return None


def compile_folder_path_for_object(vobj):
    """ make a /vm/foo/bar/baz like folder path for an object """

    paths = []
    if isinstance(vobj, vim.Folder):
        paths.append(vobj.name)

    thisobj = vobj
    while hasattr(thisobj, 'parent'):
        thisobj = thisobj.parent
        try:
            moid = thisobj._moId
        except AttributeError:
            moid = None
        if moid in ['group-d1', 'ha-folder-root']:
            break
        if isinstance(thisobj, vim.Folder):
            paths.append(thisobj.name)
    paths.reverse()
    return '/' + '/'.join(paths)


def _get_vm_prop(vm, attributes):
    """Safely get a property or return None"""
    result = vm
    for attribute in attributes:
        try:
            result = getattr(result, attribute)
        except (AttributeError, IndexError):
            return None
    return result


def gather_vm_facts(content, vm):
    """ Gather facts from vim.VirtualMachine object. """
    facts = {
        'module_hw': True,
        'hw_name': vm.config.name,
        'hw_power_status': vm.summary.runtime.powerState,
        'hw_guest_full_name': vm.summary.guest.guestFullName,
        'hw_guest_id': vm.summary.guest.guestId,
        'hw_product_uuid': vm.config.uuid,
        'hw_processor_count': vm.config.hardware.numCPU,
        'hw_cores_per_socket': vm.config.hardware.numCoresPerSocket,
        'hw_memtotal_mb': vm.config.hardware.memoryMB,
        'hw_interfaces': [],
        'hw_datastores': [],
        'hw_files': [],
        'hw_esxi_host': None,
        'hw_guest_ha_state': None,
        'hw_is_template': vm.config.template,
        'hw_folder': None,
        'hw_version': vm.config.version,
        'instance_uuid': vm.config.instanceUuid,
        'guest_tools_status': _get_vm_prop(vm, ('guest', 'toolsRunningStatus')),
        'guest_tools_version': _get_vm_prop(vm, ('guest', 'toolsVersion')),
        'guest_question': vm.summary.runtime.question,
        'guest_consolidation_needed': vm.summary.runtime.consolidationNeeded,
        'ipv4': None,
        'ipv6': None,
        'annotation': vm.config.annotation,
        'customvalues': {},
        'snapshots': [],
        'current_snapshot': None,
        'vnc': {},
    }

    # facts that may or may not exist
    if vm.summary.runtime.host:
        try:
            host = vm.summary.runtime.host
            facts['hw_esxi_host'] = host.summary.config.name
            facts['hw_cluster'] = host.parent.name if host.parent and isinstance(host.parent, vim.ClusterComputeResource) else None

        except vim.fault.NoPermission:
            # User does not have read permission for the host system,
            # proceed without this value. This value does not contribute or hamper
            # provisioning or power management operations.
            pass
    if vm.summary.runtime.dasVmProtection:
        facts['hw_guest_ha_state'] = vm.summary.runtime.dasVmProtection.dasProtected

    datastores = vm.datastore
    for ds in datastores:
        facts['hw_datastores'].append(ds.info.name)

    try:
        files = vm.config.files
        layout = vm.layout
        if files:
            facts['hw_files'] = [files.vmPathName]
            for item in layout.snapshot:
                for snap in item.snapshotFile:
                    if 'vmsn' in snap:
                        facts['hw_files'].append(snap)
            for item in layout.configFile:
                facts['hw_files'].append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(files.vmPathName), item))
            for item in vm.layout.logFile:
                facts['hw_files'].append(os.path.join(files.logDirectory, item))
            for item in vm.layout.disk:
                for disk in item.diskFile:
                    facts['hw_files'].append(disk)
    except Exception:
        pass

    facts['hw_folder'] = PyVmomi.get_vm_path(content, vm)

    cfm = content.customFieldsManager
    # Resolve custom values
    for value_obj in vm.summary.customValue:
        kn = value_obj.key
        if cfm is not None and cfm.field:
            for f in cfm.field:
                if f.key == value_obj.key:
                    kn = f.name
                    # Exit the loop immediately, we found it
                    break

        facts['customvalues'][kn] = value_obj.value

    net_dict = {}
    vmnet = _get_vm_prop(vm, ('guest', 'net'))
    if vmnet:
        for device in vmnet:
            net_dict[device.macAddress] = list(device.ipAddress)

    if vm.guest.ipAddress:
        if ':' in vm.guest.ipAddress:
            facts['ipv6'] = vm.guest.ipAddress
        else:
            facts['ipv4'] = vm.guest.ipAddress

    ethernet_idx = 0
    for entry in vm.config.hardware.device:
        if not hasattr(entry, 'macAddress'):
            continue

        if entry.macAddress:
            mac_addr = entry.macAddress
            mac_addr_dash = mac_addr.replace(':', '-')
        else:
            mac_addr = mac_addr_dash = None

        if (hasattr(entry, 'backing') and hasattr(entry.backing, 'port') and
                hasattr(entry.backing.port, 'portKey') and hasattr(entry.backing.port, 'portgroupKey')):
            port_group_key = entry.backing.port.portgroupKey
            port_key = entry.backing.port.portKey
        else:
            port_group_key = None
            port_key = None

        factname = 'hw_eth' + str(ethernet_idx)
        facts[factname] = {
            'addresstype': entry.addressType,
            'label': entry.deviceInfo.label,
            'macaddress': mac_addr,
            'ipaddresses': net_dict.get(entry.macAddress, None),
            'macaddress_dash': mac_addr_dash,
            'summary': entry.deviceInfo.summary,
            'portgroup_portkey': port_key,
            'portgroup_key': port_group_key,
        }
        facts['hw_interfaces'].append('eth' + str(ethernet_idx))
        ethernet_idx += 1

    snapshot_facts = list_snapshots(vm)
    if 'snapshots' in snapshot_facts:
        facts['snapshots'] = snapshot_facts['snapshots']
        facts['current_snapshot'] = snapshot_facts['current_snapshot']

    facts['vnc'] = get_vnc_extraconfig(vm)
    return facts


def deserialize_snapshot_obj(obj):
    return {'id': obj.id,
            'name': obj.name,
            'description': obj.description,
            'creation_time': obj.createTime,
            'state': obj.state}


def list_snapshots_recursively(snapshots):
    snapshot_data = []
    for snapshot in snapshots:
        snapshot_data.append(deserialize_snapshot_obj(snapshot))
        snapshot_data = snapshot_data + list_snapshots_recursively(snapshot.childSnapshotList)
    return snapshot_data


def get_current_snap_obj(snapshots, snapob):
    snap_obj = []
    for snapshot in snapshots:
        if snapshot.snapshot == snapob:
            snap_obj.append(snapshot)
        snap_obj = snap_obj + get_current_snap_obj(snapshot.childSnapshotList, snapob)
    return snap_obj


def list_snapshots(vm):
    result = {}
    snapshot = _get_vm_prop(vm, ('snapshot',))
    if not snapshot:
        return result
    if vm.snapshot is None:
        return result

    result['snapshots'] = list_snapshots_recursively(vm.snapshot.rootSnapshotList)
    current_snapref = vm.snapshot.currentSnapshot
    current_snap_obj = get_current_snap_obj(vm.snapshot.rootSnapshotList, current_snapref)
    if current_snap_obj:
        result['current_snapshot'] = deserialize_snapshot_obj(current_snap_obj[0])
    else:
        result['current_snapshot'] = dict()
    return result


def get_vnc_extraconfig(vm):
    result = {}
    for opts in vm.config.extraConfig:
        for optkeyname in ['enabled', 'ip', 'port', 'password']:
            if opts.key.lower() == "remotedisplay.vnc." + optkeyname:
                result[optkeyname] = opts.value
    return result


def vmware_argument_spec():
    return dict(
        hostname=dict(type='str',
                      required=False,
                      fallback=(env_fallback, ['VMWARE_HOST']),
                      ),
        username=dict(type='str',
                      aliases=['user', 'admin'],
                      required=False,
                      fallback=(env_fallback, ['VMWARE_USER'])),
        password=dict(type='str',
                      aliases=['pass', 'pwd'],
                      required=False,
                      no_log=True,
                      fallback=(env_fallback, ['VMWARE_PASSWORD'])),
        port=dict(type='int',
                  default=443,
                  fallback=(env_fallback, ['VMWARE_PORT'])),
        validate_certs=dict(type='bool',
                            required=False,
                            default=True,
                            fallback=(env_fallback, ['VMWARE_VALIDATE_CERTS'])),
    )


def connect_to_api(module, disconnect_atexit=True):
    hostname = module.params['hostname']
    username = module.params['username']
    password = module.params['password']
    port = module.params.get('port', 443)
    validate_certs = module.params['validate_certs']

    if not hostname:
        module.fail_json(msg="Hostname parameter is missing."
                             " Please specify this parameter in task or"
                             " export environment variable like 'export VMWARE_HOST=ESXI_HOSTNAME'")

    if not username:
        module.fail_json(msg="Username parameter is missing."
                             " Please specify this parameter in task or"
                             " export environment variable like 'export VMWARE_USER=ESXI_USERNAME'")

    if not password:
        module.fail_json(msg="Password parameter is missing."
                             " Please specify this parameter in task or"
                             " export environment variable like 'export VMWARE_PASSWORD=ESXI_PASSWORD'")

    if validate_certs and not hasattr(ssl, 'SSLContext'):
        module.fail_json(msg='pyVim does not support changing verification mode with python < 2.7.9. Either update '
                             'python or use validate_certs=false.')

    ssl_context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv23)
    if validate_certs:
        ssl_context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
        ssl_context.check_hostname = True
        ssl_context.load_default_certs()

    service_instance = None
    try:
        connect_args = dict(
            host=hostname,
            user=username,
            pwd=password,
            port=port,
        )
        if ssl_context:
            connect_args.update(sslContext=ssl_context)
        service_instance = connect.SmartConnect(**connect_args)
    except vim.fault.InvalidLogin as invalid_login:
        module.fail_json(msg="Unable to log on to vCenter or ESXi API at %s:%s as %s: %s" % (hostname, port, username, invalid_login.msg))
    except vim.fault.NoPermission as no_permission:
        module.fail_json(msg="User %s does not have required permission"
                             " to log on to vCenter or ESXi API at %s:%s : %s" % (username, hostname, port, no_permission.msg))
    except (requests.ConnectionError, ssl.SSLError) as generic_req_exc:
        module.fail_json(msg="Unable to connect to vCenter or ESXi API at %s on TCP/%s: %s" % (hostname, port, generic_req_exc))
    except vmodl.fault.InvalidRequest as invalid_request:
        # Request is malformed
        module.fail_json(msg="Failed to get a response from server %s:%s as "
                             "request is malformed: %s" % (hostname, port, invalid_request.msg))
    except Exception as generic_exc:
        module.fail_json(msg="Unknown error while connecting to vCenter or ESXi API at %s:%s : %s" % (hostname, port, generic_exc))

    if service_instance is None:
        module.fail_json(msg="Unknown error while connecting to vCenter or ESXi API at %s:%s" % (hostname, port))

    # Disabling atexit should be used in special cases only.
    # Such as IP change of the ESXi host which removes the connection anyway.
    # Also removal significantly speeds up the return of the module
    if disconnect_atexit:
        atexit.register(connect.Disconnect, service_instance)
    return service_instance.RetrieveContent()


def get_all_objs(content, vimtype, folder=None, recurse=True):
    if not folder:
        folder = content.rootFolder

    obj = {}
    container = content.viewManager.CreateContainerView(folder, vimtype, recurse)
    for managed_object_ref in container.view:
        obj.update({managed_object_ref: managed_object_ref.name})
    return obj


def run_command_in_guest(content, vm, username, password, program_path, program_args, program_cwd, program_env):

    result = {'failed': False}

    tools_status = vm.guest.toolsStatus
    if (tools_status == 'toolsNotInstalled' or
            tools_status == 'toolsNotRunning'):
        result['failed'] = True
        result['msg'] = "VMwareTools is not installed or is not running in the guest"
        return result

    # https://github.com/vmware/pyvmomi/blob/master/docs/vim/vm/guest/NamePasswordAuthentication.rst
    creds = vim.vm.guest.NamePasswordAuthentication(
        username=username, password=password
    )

    try:
        # https://github.com/vmware/pyvmomi/blob/master/docs/vim/vm/guest/ProcessManager.rst
        pm = content.guestOperationsManager.processManager
        # https://www.vmware.com/support/developer/converter-sdk/conv51_apireference/vim.vm.guest.ProcessManager.ProgramSpec.html
        ps = vim.vm.guest.ProcessManager.ProgramSpec(
            # programPath=program,
            # arguments=args
            programPath=program_path,
            arguments=program_args,
            workingDirectory=program_cwd,
        )

        res = pm.StartProgramInGuest(vm, creds, ps)
        result['pid'] = res
        pdata = pm.ListProcessesInGuest(vm, creds, [res])

        # wait for pid to finish
        while not pdata[0].endTime:
            time.sleep(1)
            pdata = pm.ListProcessesInGuest(vm, creds, [res])

        result['owner'] = pdata[0].owner
        result['startTime'] = pdata[0].startTime.isoformat()
        result['endTime'] = pdata[0].endTime.isoformat()
        result['exitCode'] = pdata[0].exitCode
        if result['exitCode'] != 0:
            result['failed'] = True
            result['msg'] = "program exited non-zero"
        else:
            result['msg'] = "program completed successfully"

    except Exception as e:
        result['msg'] = str(e)
        result['failed'] = True

    return result


def serialize_spec(clonespec):
    """Serialize a clonespec or a relocation spec"""
    data = {}
    attrs = dir(clonespec)
    attrs = [x for x in attrs if not x.startswith('_')]
    for x in attrs:
        xo = getattr(clonespec, x)
        if callable(xo):
            continue
        xt = type(xo)
        if xo is None:
            data[x] = None
        elif isinstance(xo, vim.vm.ConfigSpec):
            data[x] = serialize_spec(xo)
        elif isinstance(xo, vim.vm.RelocateSpec):
            data[x] = serialize_spec(xo)
        elif isinstance(xo, vim.vm.device.VirtualDisk):
            data[x] = serialize_spec(xo)
        elif isinstance(xo, vim.vm.device.VirtualDeviceSpec.FileOperation):
            data[x] = to_text(xo)
        elif isinstance(xo, vim.Description):
            data[x] = {
                'dynamicProperty': serialize_spec(xo.dynamicProperty),
                'dynamicType': serialize_spec(xo.dynamicType),
                'label': serialize_spec(xo.label),
                'summary': serialize_spec(xo.summary),
            }
        elif hasattr(xo, 'name'):
            data[x] = to_text(xo) + ':' + to_text(xo.name)
        elif isinstance(xo, vim.vm.ProfileSpec):
            pass
        elif issubclass(xt, list):
            data[x] = []
            for xe in xo:
                data[x].append(serialize_spec(xe))
        elif issubclass(xt, string_types + integer_types + (float, bool)):
            if issubclass(xt, integer_types):
                data[x] = int(xo)
            else:
                data[x] = to_text(xo)
        elif issubclass(xt, bool):
            data[x] = xo
        elif issubclass(xt, dict):
            data[to_text(x)] = {}
            for k, v in xo.items():
                k = to_text(k)
                data[x][k] = serialize_spec(v)
        else:
            data[x] = str(xt)

    return data


def find_host_by_cluster_datacenter(module, content, datacenter_name, cluster_name, host_name):
    dc = find_datacenter_by_name(content, datacenter_name)
    if dc is None:
        module.fail_json(msg="Unable to find datacenter with name %s" % datacenter_name)
    cluster = find_cluster_by_name(content, cluster_name, datacenter=dc)
    if cluster is None:
        module.fail_json(msg="Unable to find cluster with name %s" % cluster_name)

    for host in cluster.host:
        if host.name == host_name:
            return host, cluster

    return None, cluster


def set_vm_power_state(content, vm, state, force, timeout=0):
    """
    Set the power status for a VM determined by the current and
    requested states. force is forceful
    """
    facts = gather_vm_facts(content, vm)
    expected_state = state.replace('_', '').replace('-', '').lower()
    current_state = facts['hw_power_status'].lower()
    result = dict(
        changed=False,
        failed=False,
    )

    # Need Force
    if not force and current_state not in ['poweredon', 'poweredoff']:
        result['failed'] = True
        result['msg'] = "Virtual Machine is in %s power state. Force is required!" % current_state
        return result

    # State is not already true
    if current_state != expected_state:
        task = None
        try:
            if expected_state == 'poweredoff':
                task = vm.PowerOff()

            elif expected_state == 'poweredon':
                task = vm.PowerOn()

            elif expected_state == 'restarted':
                if current_state in ('poweredon', 'poweringon', 'resetting', 'poweredoff'):
                    task = vm.Reset()
                else:
                    result['failed'] = True
                    result['msg'] = "Cannot restart virtual machine in the current state %s" % current_state

            elif expected_state == 'suspended':
                if current_state in ('poweredon', 'poweringon'):
                    task = vm.Suspend()
                else:
                    result['failed'] = True
                    result['msg'] = 'Cannot suspend virtual machine in the current state %s' % current_state

            elif expected_state in ['shutdownguest', 'rebootguest']:
                if current_state == 'poweredon':
                    if vm.guest.toolsRunningStatus == 'guestToolsRunning':
                        if expected_state == 'shutdownguest':
                            task = vm.ShutdownGuest()
                            if timeout > 0:
                                result.update(wait_for_poweroff(vm, timeout))
                        else:
                            task = vm.RebootGuest()
                        # Set result['changed'] immediately because
                        # shutdown and reboot return None.
                        result['changed'] = True
                    else:
                        result['failed'] = True
                        result['msg'] = "VMware tools should be installed for guest shutdown/reboot"
                else:
                    result['failed'] = True
                    result['msg'] = "Virtual machine %s must be in poweredon state for guest shutdown/reboot" % vm.name

            else:
                result['failed'] = True
                result['msg'] = "Unsupported expected state provided: %s" % expected_state

        except Exception as e:
            result['failed'] = True
            result['msg'] = to_text(e)

        if task:
            wait_for_task(task)
            if task.info.state == 'error':
                result['failed'] = True
                result['msg'] = task.info.error.msg
            else:
                result['changed'] = True

    # need to get new metadata if changed
    result['instance'] = gather_vm_facts(content, vm)

    return result


def wait_for_poweroff(vm, timeout=300):
    result = dict()
    interval = 15
    while timeout > 0:
        if vm.runtime.powerState.lower() == 'poweredoff':
            break
        time.sleep(interval)
        timeout -= interval
    else:
        result['failed'] = True
        result['msg'] = 'Timeout while waiting for VM power off.'
    return result


class PyVmomi(object):
    def __init__(self, module):
        """
        Constructor
        """
        if not HAS_REQUESTS:
            module.fail_json(msg=missing_required_lib('requests'),
                             exception=REQUESTS_IMP_ERR)

        if not HAS_PYVMOMI:
            module.fail_json(msg=missing_required_lib('PyVmomi'),
                             exception=PYVMOMI_IMP_ERR)

        self.module = module
        self.params = module.params
        self.si = None
        self.current_vm_obj = None
        self.content = connect_to_api(self.module)
        self.custom_field_mgr = []
        if self.content.customFieldsManager:  # not an ESXi
            self.custom_field_mgr = self.content.customFieldsManager.field

    def is_vcenter(self):
        """
        Check if given hostname is vCenter or ESXi host
        Returns: True if given connection is with vCenter server
                 False if given connection is with ESXi server

        """
        api_type = None
        try:
            api_type = self.content.about.apiType
        except (vmodl.RuntimeFault, vim.fault.VimFault) as exc:
            self.module.fail_json(msg="Failed to get status of vCenter server : %s" % exc.msg)

        if api_type == 'VirtualCenter':
            return True
        elif api_type == 'HostAgent':
            return False

    def get_managed_objects_properties(self, vim_type, properties=None):
        """
        Function to look up a Managed Object Reference in vCenter / ESXi Environment
        :param vim_type: Type of vim object e.g, for datacenter - vim.Datacenter
        :param properties: List of properties related to vim object e.g. Name
        :return: local content object
        """
        # Get Root Folder
        root_folder = self.content.rootFolder

        if properties is None:
            properties = ['name']

        # Create Container View with default root folder
        mor = self.content.viewManager.CreateContainerView(root_folder, [vim_type], True)

        # Create Traversal spec
        traversal_spec = vmodl.query.PropertyCollector.TraversalSpec(
            name="traversal_spec",
            path='view',
            skip=False,
            type=vim.view.ContainerView
        )

        # Create Property Spec
        property_spec = vmodl.query.PropertyCollector.PropertySpec(
            type=vim_type,  # Type of object to retrieved
            all=False,
            pathSet=properties
        )

        # Create Object Spec
        object_spec = vmodl.query.PropertyCollector.ObjectSpec(
            obj=mor,
            skip=True,
            selectSet=[traversal_spec]
        )

        # Create Filter Spec
        filter_spec = vmodl.query.PropertyCollector.FilterSpec(
            objectSet=[object_spec],
            propSet=[property_spec],
            reportMissingObjectsInResults=False
        )

        return self.content.propertyCollector.RetrieveContents([filter_spec])

    # Virtual Machine related functions
    def get_vm(self):
        """
        Function to find unique virtual machine either by UUID or Name.
        Returns: virtual machine object if found, else None.

        """
        vm_obj = None
        user_desired_path = None
        use_instance_uuid = self.params.get('use_instance_uuid') or False
        if self.params['uuid'] and not use_instance_uuid:
            vm_obj = find_vm_by_id(self.content, vm_id=self.params['uuid'], vm_id_type="uuid")
        elif self.params['uuid'] and use_instance_uuid:
            vm_obj = find_vm_by_id(self.content,
                                   vm_id=self.params['uuid'],
                                   vm_id_type="instance_uuid")
        elif self.params['name']:
            objects = self.get_managed_objects_properties(vim_type=vim.VirtualMachine, properties=['name'])
            vms = []

            for temp_vm_object in objects:
                if len(temp_vm_object.propSet) != 1:
                    continue
                for temp_vm_object_property in temp_vm_object.propSet:
                    if temp_vm_object_property.val == self.params['name']:
                        vms.append(temp_vm_object.obj)
                        break

            # get_managed_objects_properties may return multiple virtual machine,
            # following code tries to find user desired one depending upon the folder specified.
            if len(vms) > 1:
                # We have found multiple virtual machines, decide depending upon folder value
                if self.params['folder'] is None:
                    self.module.fail_json(msg="Multiple virtual machines with same name [%s] found, "
                                              "Folder value is a required parameter to find uniqueness "
                                              "of the virtual machine" % self.params['name'],
                                          details="Please see documentation of the vmware_guest module "
                                                  "for folder parameter.")

                # Get folder path where virtual machine is located
                # User provided folder where user thinks virtual machine is present
                user_folder = self.params['folder']
                # User defined datacenter
                user_defined_dc = self.params['datacenter']
                # User defined datacenter's object
                datacenter_obj = find_datacenter_by_name(self.content, self.params['datacenter'])
                # Get Path for Datacenter
                dcpath = compile_folder_path_for_object(vobj=datacenter_obj)

                # Nested folder does not return trailing /
                if not dcpath.endswith('/'):
                    dcpath += '/'

                if user_folder in [None, '', '/']:
                    # User provided blank value or
                    # User provided only root value, we fail
                    self.module.fail_json(msg="vmware_guest found multiple virtual machines with same "
                                              "name [%s], please specify folder path other than blank "
                                              "or '/'" % self.params['name'])
                elif user_folder.startswith('/vm/'):
                    # User provided nested folder under VMware default vm folder i.e. folder = /vm/india/finance
                    user_desired_path = "%s%s%s" % (dcpath, user_defined_dc, user_folder)
                else:
                    # User defined datacenter is not nested i.e. dcpath = '/' , or
                    # User defined datacenter is nested i.e. dcpath = '/F0/DC0' or
                    # User provided folder starts with / and datacenter i.e. folder = /ha-datacenter/ or
                    # User defined folder starts with datacenter without '/' i.e.
                    # folder = DC0/vm/india/finance or
                    # folder = DC0/vm
                    user_desired_path = user_folder

                for vm in vms:
                    # Check if user has provided same path as virtual machine
                    actual_vm_folder_path = self.get_vm_path(content=self.content, vm_name=vm)
                    if not actual_vm_folder_path.startswith("%s%s" % (dcpath, user_defined_dc)):
                        continue
                    if user_desired_path in actual_vm_folder_path:
                        vm_obj = vm
                        break
            elif vms:
                # Unique virtual machine found.
                vm_obj = vms[0]

        if vm_obj:
            self.current_vm_obj = vm_obj

        return vm_obj

    def gather_facts(self, vm):
        """
        Function to gather facts of virtual machine.
        Args:
            vm: Name of virtual machine.

        Returns: Facts dictionary of the given virtual machine.

        """
        return gather_vm_facts(self.content, vm)

    @staticmethod
    def get_vm_path(content, vm_name):
        """
        Function to find the path of virtual machine.
        Args:
            content: VMware content object
            vm_name: virtual machine managed object

        Returns: Folder of virtual machine if exists, else None

        """
        folder_name = None
        folder = vm_name.parent
        if folder:
            folder_name = folder.name
            fp = folder.parent
            # climb back up the tree to find our path, stop before the root folder
            while fp is not None and fp.name is not None and fp != content.rootFolder:
                folder_name = fp.name + '/' + folder_name
                try:
                    fp = fp.parent
                except Exception:
                    break
            folder_name = '/' + folder_name
        return folder_name

    def get_vm_or_template(self, template_name=None):
        """
        Find the virtual machine or virtual machine template using name
        used for cloning purpose.
        Args:
            template_name: Name of virtual machine or virtual machine template

        Returns: virtual machine or virtual machine template object

        """
        template_obj = None
        if not template_name:
            return template_obj

        if "/" in template_name:
            vm_obj_path = os.path.dirname(template_name)
            vm_obj_name = os.path.basename(template_name)
            template_obj = find_vm_by_id(self.content, vm_obj_name, vm_id_type="inventory_path", folder=vm_obj_path)
            if template_obj:
                return template_obj
        else:
            template_obj = find_vm_by_id(self.content, vm_id=template_name, vm_id_type="uuid")
            if template_obj:
                return template_obj

            objects = self.get_managed_objects_properties(vim_type=vim.VirtualMachine, properties=['name'])
            templates = []

            for temp_vm_object in objects:
                if len(temp_vm_object.propSet) != 1:
                    continue
                for temp_vm_object_property in temp_vm_object.propSet:
                    if temp_vm_object_property.val == template_name:
                        templates.append(temp_vm_object.obj)
                        break

            if len(templates) > 1:
                # We have found multiple virtual machine templates
                self.module.fail_json(msg="Multiple virtual machines or templates with same name [%s] found." % template_name)
            elif templates:
                template_obj = templates[0]

        return template_obj

    # Cluster related functions
    def find_cluster_by_name(self, cluster_name, datacenter_name=None):
        """
        Find Cluster by name in given datacenter
        Args:
            cluster_name: Name of cluster name to find
            datacenter_name: (optional) Name of datacenter

        Returns: True if found

        """
        return find_cluster_by_name(self.content, cluster_name, datacenter=datacenter_name)

    def get_all_hosts_by_cluster(self, cluster_name):
        """
        Get all hosts from cluster by cluster name
        Args:
            cluster_name: Name of cluster

        Returns: List of hosts

        """
        cluster_obj = self.find_cluster_by_name(cluster_name=cluster_name)
        if cluster_obj:
            return [host for host in cluster_obj.host]
        else:
            return []

    # Hosts related functions
    def find_hostsystem_by_name(self, host_name):
        """
        Find Host by name
        Args:
            host_name: Name of ESXi host

        Returns: True if found

        """
        return find_hostsystem_by_name(self.content, hostname=host_name)

    def get_all_host_objs(self, cluster_name=None, esxi_host_name=None):
        """
        Function to get all host system managed object

        Args:
            cluster_name: Name of Cluster
            esxi_host_name: Name of ESXi server

        Returns: A list of all host system managed objects, else empty list

        """
        host_obj_list = []
        if not self.is_vcenter():
            hosts = get_all_objs(self.content, [vim.HostSystem]).keys()
            if hosts:
                host_obj_list.append(list(hosts)[0])
        else:
            if cluster_name:
                cluster_obj = self.find_cluster_by_name(cluster_name=cluster_name)
                if cluster_obj:
                    host_obj_list = [host for host in cluster_obj.host]
                else:
                    self.module.fail_json(changed=False, msg="Cluster '%s' not found" % cluster_name)
            elif esxi_host_name:
                if isinstance(esxi_host_name, str):
                    esxi_host_name = [esxi_host_name]

                for host in esxi_host_name:
                    esxi_host_obj = self.find_hostsystem_by_name(host_name=host)
                    if esxi_host_obj:
                        host_obj_list.append(esxi_host_obj)
                    else:
                        self.module.fail_json(changed=False, msg="ESXi '%s' not found" % host)

        return host_obj_list

    def host_version_at_least(self, version=None, vm_obj=None, host_name=None):
        """
        Check that the ESXi Host is at least a specific version number
        Args:
            vm_obj: virtual machine object, required one of vm_obj, host_name
            host_name (string): ESXi host name
            version (tuple): a version tuple, for example (6, 7, 0)
        Returns: bool
        """
        if vm_obj:
            host_system = vm_obj.summary.runtime.host
        elif host_name:
            host_system = self.find_hostsystem_by_name(host_name=host_name)
        else:
            self.module.fail_json(msg='VM object or ESXi host name must be set one.')
        if host_system and version:
            host_version = host_system.summary.config.product.version
            return StrictVersion(host_version) >= StrictVersion('.'.join(map(str, version)))
        else:
            self.module.fail_json(msg='Unable to get the ESXi host from vm: %s, or hostname %s,'
                                      'or the passed ESXi version: %s is None.' % (vm_obj, host_name, version))

    # Network related functions
    @staticmethod
    def find_host_portgroup_by_name(host, portgroup_name):
        """
        Find Portgroup on given host
        Args:
            host: Host config object
            portgroup_name: Name of portgroup

        Returns: True if found else False

        """
        for portgroup in host.config.network.portgroup:
            if portgroup.spec.name == portgroup_name:
                return portgroup
        return False

    def get_all_port_groups_by_host(self, host_system):
        """
        Function to get all Port Group by host
        Args:
            host_system: Name of Host System

        Returns: List of Port Group Spec
        """
        pgs_list = []
        for pg in host_system.config.network.portgroup:
            pgs_list.append(pg)
        return pgs_list

    # Datacenter
    def find_datacenter_by_name(self, datacenter_name):
        """
        Function to get datacenter managed object by name

        Args:
            datacenter_name: Name of datacenter

        Returns: datacenter managed object if found else None

        """
        return find_datacenter_by_name(self.content, datacenter_name=datacenter_name)

    def find_datastore_by_name(self, datastore_name):
        """
        Function to get datastore managed object by name
        Args:
            datastore_name: Name of datastore

        Returns: datastore managed object if found else None

        """
        return find_datastore_by_name(self.content, datastore_name=datastore_name)

    # Datastore cluster
    def find_datastore_cluster_by_name(self, datastore_cluster_name):
        """
        Function to get datastore cluster managed object by name
        Args:
            datastore_cluster_name: Name of datastore cluster

        Returns: Datastore cluster managed object if found else None

        """
        data_store_clusters = get_all_objs(self.content, [vim.StoragePod])
        for dsc in data_store_clusters:
            if dsc.name == datastore_cluster_name:
                return dsc
        return None

    # VMDK stuff
    def vmdk_disk_path_split(self, vmdk_path):
        """
        Takes a string in the format

            [datastore_name] path/to/vm_name.vmdk

        Returns a tuple with multiple strings:

        1. datastore_name: The name of the datastore (without brackets)
        2. vmdk_fullpath: The "path/to/vm_name.vmdk" portion
        3. vmdk_filename: The "vm_name.vmdk" portion of the string (os.path.basename equivalent)
        4. vmdk_folder: The "path/to/" portion of the string (os.path.dirname equivalent)
        """
        try:
            datastore_name = re.match(r'^\[(.*?)\]', vmdk_path, re.DOTALL).groups()[0]
            vmdk_fullpath = re.match(r'\[.*?\] (.*)$', vmdk_path).groups()[0]
            vmdk_filename = os.path.basename(vmdk_fullpath)
            vmdk_folder = os.path.dirname(vmdk_fullpath)
            return datastore_name, vmdk_fullpath, vmdk_filename, vmdk_folder
        except (IndexError, AttributeError) as e:
            self.module.fail_json(msg="Bad path '%s' for filename disk vmdk image: %s" % (vmdk_path, to_native(e)))

    def find_vmdk_file(self, datastore_obj, vmdk_fullpath, vmdk_filename, vmdk_folder):
        """
        Return vSphere file object or fail_json
        Args:
            datastore_obj: Managed object of datastore
            vmdk_fullpath: Path of VMDK file e.g., path/to/vm/vmdk_filename.vmdk
            vmdk_filename: Name of vmdk e.g., VM0001_1.vmdk
            vmdk_folder: Base dir of VMDK e.g, path/to/vm

        """

        browser = datastore_obj.browser
        datastore_name = datastore_obj.name
        datastore_name_sq = "[" + datastore_name + "]"
        if browser is None:
            self.module.fail_json(msg="Unable to access browser for datastore %s" % datastore_name)

        detail_query = vim.host.DatastoreBrowser.FileInfo.Details(
            fileOwner=True,
            fileSize=True,
            fileType=True,
            modification=True
        )
        search_spec = vim.host.DatastoreBrowser.SearchSpec(
            details=detail_query,
            matchPattern=[vmdk_filename],
            searchCaseInsensitive=True,
        )
        search_res = browser.SearchSubFolders(
            datastorePath=datastore_name_sq,
            searchSpec=search_spec
        )

        changed = False
        vmdk_path = datastore_name_sq + " " + vmdk_fullpath
        try:
            changed, result = wait_for_task(search_res)
        except TaskError as task_e:
            self.module.fail_json(msg=to_native(task_e))

        if not changed:
            self.module.fail_json(msg="No valid disk vmdk image found for path %s" % vmdk_path)

        target_folder_path = datastore_name_sq + " " + vmdk_folder + '/'

        for file_result in search_res.info.result:
            for f in getattr(file_result, 'file'):
                if f.path == vmdk_filename and file_result.folderPath == target_folder_path:
                    return f

        self.module.fail_json(msg="No vmdk file found for path specified [%s]" % vmdk_path)

    #
    # Conversion to JSON
    #

    def _deepmerge(self, d, u):
        """
        Deep merges u into d.

        Credit:
          https://bit.ly/2EDOs1B (stackoverflow question 3232943)
        License:
          cc-by-sa 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/)
        Changes:
          using collections_compat for compatibility

        Args:
          - d (dict): dict to merge into
          - u (dict): dict to merge into d

        Returns:
          dict, with u merged into d
        """
        for k, v in iteritems(u):
            if isinstance(v, collections_compat.Mapping):
                d[k] = self._deepmerge(d.get(k, {}), v)
            else:
                d[k] = v
        return d

    def _extract(self, data, remainder):
        """
        This is used to break down dotted properties for extraction.

        Args:
          - data (dict): result of _jsonify on a property
          - remainder: the remainder of the dotted property to select

        Return:
          dict
        """
        result = dict()
        if '.' not in remainder:
            result[remainder] = data[remainder]
            return result
        key, remainder = remainder.split('.', 1)
        result[key] = self._extract(data[key], remainder)
        return result

    def _jsonify(self, obj):
        """
        Convert an object from pyVmomi into JSON.

        Args:
          - obj (object): vim object

        Return:
          dict
        """
        return json.loads(json.dumps(obj, cls=VmomiSupport.VmomiJSONEncoder,
                                     sort_keys=True, strip_dynamic=True))

    def to_json(self, obj, properties=None):
        """
        Convert a vSphere (pyVmomi) Object into JSON.  This is a deep
        transformation.  The list of properties is optional - if not
        provided then all properties are deeply converted.  The resulting
        JSON is sorted to improve human readability.

        Requires upstream support from pyVmomi > 6.7.1
        (https://github.com/vmware/pyvmomi/pull/732)

        Args:
          - obj (object): vim object
          - properties (list, optional): list of properties following
                the property collector specification, for example:
                ["config.hardware.memoryMB", "name", "overallStatus"]
                default is a complete object dump, which can be large

        Return:
          dict
        """
        if not HAS_PYVMOMIJSON:
            self.module.fail_json(msg='The installed version of pyvmomi lacks JSON output support; need pyvmomi>6.7.1')

        result = dict()
        if properties:
            for prop in properties:
                try:
                    if '.' in prop:
                        key, remainder = prop.split('.', 1)
                        tmp = dict()
                        tmp[key] = self._extract(self._jsonify(getattr(obj, key)), remainder)
                        self._deepmerge(result, tmp)
                    else:
                        result[prop] = self._jsonify(getattr(obj, prop))
                except (AttributeError, KeyError):
                    self.module.fail_json(msg="Property '{0}' not found.".format(prop))
        else:
            result = self._jsonify(obj)
        return result
