   CD-Writing HOWTO
  Winfried Trmper <winni@xpilot.org>
  v2.4.1, 16  1997

          CDs  
  Linux.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Table of Contents

























































  1. 

     1.1  
     1.2  
     1.3 ... lasers at maximum ... fire (. )!
     1.4  CD-Writers
     1.5  ""
     1.6 Mailinglists
     1.7 
     1.8    

  2.   Linux-    CD-ROMs

     2.1    (hardware)
     2.2    CDs   Linux
     2.3    
     2.4    
     2.5     
     2.6        .
     2.7   
     2.8       CDs
        2.8.1  -
        2.8.2   user interface ().

  3. "       ,         ."

     3.1      scsi (scsi device)    
     3.2   
     3.3     CD.
     3.4     iso9660
     3.5   CD-image
     3.6      CD-Recordable
     3.7   CD-image   CD
     3.8    ...

  4.     

     4.1 "      ;"
     4.2 "   (fragmentation)     ;"
     4.3 "     CD-image     UMSDOS;"
     4.4 "         iso9660;"
     4.5 "      CD ;"
     4.6 "      SCSI   ;"
     4.7 "    1:1   CD;"
     4.8 "  Linux   Joliet CDs;"
     4.9 " / CD-ROMs   CD-writer;"

  5.  

     5.1  :   Linux
     5.2  :   DOS   
     5.3   SCSI      ()

  6. 



  ______________________________________________________________________

  11..  


        CD (CD Writers)   
  "Linux CD Writer mini-HOWTO"  Matt Cutts <cutts@cs.unc.edu>.
   Matt!

             , 
     ,      
   1994.



  11..11..   


   (( WWiinnffrriieedd TTrruueemmppeerr))     
    ,,      
        ..   
         ,,  
   ,,       
   ,,   EE,,    ,, 
              
    ..

   :         .



  11..22..   

   CD-R FAQ <http://www.cd-info.com/CDIC/Technology/CD-R/FAQ.html>
     FAQ  compact-disk recordables (CD-R).



   _L_i_n_u_x _C_D_-_R_O_M _H_O_W_T_O         
    CD-ROM   Linux.  ,   
       _L_i_n_u_x _S_C_S_I _H_O_W_T_O   _L_i_n_u_x _K_e_r_n_e_l _H_O_W_T_O.




  11..33..  ...... llaasseerrss aatt mmaaxxiimmuumm ...... ffiirree ((.. ))!!

   _C_D_-_R_O_M    _C_o_m_p_a_c_t _D_i_s_c _R_e_a_d _O_n_l_y _M_e_m_o_r_y (
     ),    
     laser      
     . (    
         (carrier).)  
    bits   (  )  
            .
  ,  CD      (mass-storage medium).

    _C_D_-_R      _C_D_-_R_O_M _r_e_c_o_r_d_a_b_l_e ( CD)
      CD      " "
    ...   '   .

       (),  CD-R  
    (film) ()    " "
      .      laser, 
       ,   
      .         
   a CD-R.

          , 
  ,   multi-session CD.

    mini-HOWTO       CD-R.
   " , ".



  11..44..   CCDD--WWrriitteerrss

          () 
     

       <http://www.shop.de/cgi-bin/winni/lsc.pl>


           mini-
  HOWTO.    SCSI cd-writers    
    cdrecord    ATAPI cd-writers.

       ,    
    Linux      (image) 
   CD       DOS  
      CD-R. [      ,
       DOS    
      (long filenames)    Linux.]

             
    (   ________ _S_C_S_I _______ _____  
  cdwrite/cdrecord).


  11..55..   """"

    ,      CDs   Linux ()
       :



       Feature         cdwrite-2.1     cdrecord-1.7
       --------------------------------------------
       ATAPI support   no              yes
       Multisession    only partial    yes
       RockRidge       yes (mkisofs)   yes (mkisofs)
       El Torito       yes (mkisofs)   yes (mkisofs)
       HFS             yes (mkhybrid)  yes (mkhybrid)
       Joliet          yes (mkhybrid)  yes (mkhybrid)




   _R_o_c_k_R_i_d_g_e        
      directory .  _E_l _T_o_r_i_t_o  
       (bootable) CDs. 
          
    .  _H_F_S    macintosh 
    CD-ROM      (volume)  HFS.  
  _J_o_l_i_e_t     (  ) 
    Windows (95, NT).

    2.8      .


  11..66..  MMaaiilliinngglliissttss

         (   
  __ ),   e-mail 

       cdwrite-request@pixar.com


      subscribe    (body)   mes
  sage.

  11..77..  

           

       <http://www.shop.de/~winni/linux/cdr/>




  11..88..     

   , , ,    
     HOWTO,  email    :
  voulariba@hellug.gr     : evris@hellug.gr 
   : ep@rocketmail.com



  22..    LLiinnuuxx--    CCDD--RROOMMss

      1997,    Linux   ATAPI
  cd-writers.  ,      HOWTO
       SCSI.

     ,      ATAPI  
          HOWTO 
    " SCSI  ".

         ATAPI    
   cdrecord -scanbus.

      HOWTO   
      ATAPI cd-writers.


  22..11..     ((hhaarrddwwaarree))

    / ,      CD writer 
   SCSI.      SCSI  
  (terminated)        SCSI
  (SCSI-ID)   .   Linux SCSI-HOWTO  
   .        , 
   .

            BIOS 
   (controller) SCSI       .

      writer ,      ().
        

  [   ;      (screenshot)
   ;]


  22..22..     CCDDss   LLiinnuuxx

      ,    Linux-kernel __ 
   (patch)     CDs.    
  drivers/scsi/scsi.c        



       case TYPE_WORM:
       case TYPE_ROM:
        SDpnt->writeable = 0;

       CDs   WORMs    
     (devices) /dev/sda-/dev/sdh -   
   .

           CDs 
     ________ _S_C_S_I _______ _____  
     -      CDs.


  22..33..     

  The _L_i_n_u_x _S_C_S_I_-_H_O_W_T_O says about generic SCSI-devices:


           SCSI   interface 
         SCSI     SCSI - ,
       , CDROMs,     (media
       changer robots), .


       (devices)  _i_n_t_e_r_f_a_c_e_s 
         SCSI , 
     devices.

         devices 
        (block-wise)   ,
    cd-rom    ,     cd-writer (
    (scanner))   , ..    
     laser .      ( '  )
      (devices),    
          SCSI.

         SCSI    
  ,        - '  
    _______ _(_g_e_n_e_r_i_c_).

    /dev-directory      SCSI.
    ls     sga-sgh:



       bash> cd /dev
       bash> ls -l sg*
       crw-------   1 root   sys     21,   0 Jan  1  1970 sga
       crw-------   1 root   sys     21,   1 Jan  1  1970 sgb
       crw-------   1 root   sys     21,   2 Jan  1  1970 sgc
       crw-------   1 root   sys     21,   3 Jan  1  1970 sgd
       crw-------   1 root   sys     21,   4 Jan  1  1970 sge
       crw-------   1 root   sys     21,   5 Jan  1  1970 sgf
       crw-------   1 root   sys     21,   6 Jan  1  1970 sgg
       crw-------   1 root   sys     21,   7 Jan  1  1970 sgh





      -,   
   /dev/MAKEDEV-script:


       bash> cd /dev/
       bash> ./MAKEDEV sg




         .



  22..44..        SSCCSSII   
   llooooppbbaacckk

     Linux   module    
     SCSI .     
     ,     
  - /proc/devices:



       bash> cat /proc/devices
       Character devices:
        1 mem
        2 pty
        3 ttyp
        4 ttyp
        5 cua
        7 vcs
       21 sg          <----- stands for "SCSI Generic device"
       30 socksys

       Block devices:

        2 fd
        7 loop        <----- we even can use the loop-devices
        8 sd
       11 sr          <----- stands for "SCSI cd-Rom"




        insmod sg, insmod loop  insmod
  sr_mod     modules  .     
  .       ,   
         (re-compile).


       bash> cd /usr/src/linux
       bash> make config
       [..]
       *
       * Additional Block Devices
       *
       Loopback device support (CONFIG_BLK_DEV_LOOP) [M/n/y/?] M
       [..]
       *
       * SCSI support
       *
       SCSI support (CONFIG_SCSI) [Y/m/n/?] Y
       *
       * SCSI support type (disk, tape, CD-ROM)
       *
       SCSI disk support (CONFIG_BLK_DEV_SD) [Y/m/n/?] Y
       SCSI tape support (CONFIG_CHR_DEV_ST) [M/n/y/?] M
       SCSI CD-ROM support (CONFIG_BLK_DEV_SR) [M/n/y/?] M
       SCSI generic support (CONFIG_CHR_DEV_SG) [M/n/y/?] M
       [..]
       ISO9660 cdrom filesystem (CONFIG_ISO9660_FS) [Y/m/n/?] M




         .


  22..55..      

       ,  Linux Kernel-HOWTO  
    . ,   Linux ,   
         .

  [:    compile,     
   2.7-2.9]



  22..66..         ..

        Linux   
       ,   
    SCSI       dmesg:



       scsi0 : NCR53c{7,8}xx (rel 17)
       scsi : 1 host.
       scsi0 : target 0 accepting period 100ns offset 8 10.00MHz
       scsi0 : setting target 0 to period 100ns offset 8 10.00MHz

         Vendor: FUJITSU   Model: M1606S-512        Rev: 6226
         Type:   Direct-Access                      ANSI SCSI
       Detected scsi disk sda at scsi0, channel 0, id 0, lun 0

         Vendor: NEC       Model: CD-ROM DRIVE:84   Rev:  1.0a
         Type:   CD-ROM                             ANSI SCSI
       Detected scsi CD-ROM sr0 at scsi0, channel 0, id 4, lun 0

       scsi : detected 1 SCSI disk total.
       SCSI device sda: hdwr sector= 512 bytes. Sectors= 2131992




          
           SCSI.


  22..77..     llooooppbbaacckk

    directory /dev     _l_o_o_p_b_a_c_k.  
   ,      ,    
   (  3.5).     ,   ls   
   loop0-loop7:



       bash> cd /dev
       bash> ls -l loop*
       brw-rw----   1 root  disk    7,   0 Sep 23 17:15 loop0
       brw-rw----   1 root  disk    7,   1 Sep 23 17:15 loop1
       brw-rw----   1 root  disk    7,   2 Sep 23 17:15 loop2
       brw-rw----   1 root  disk    7,   3 Sep 23 17:15 loop3
       brw-rw----   1 root  disk    7,   4 Sep 23 17:15 loop4
       brw-rw----   1 root  disk    7,   5 Sep 23 17:15 loop5
       brw-rw----   1 root  disk    7,   6 Sep 23 17:15 loop6
       brw-rw----   1 root  disk    7,   7 Sep 23 17:15 loop7


        ,   
   script /dev/MAKEDEV:



       bash> cd /dev/
       bash> ./MAKEDEV loop




          loop-module 
    (  2.4     modules).   insmod loop 
  ,         
    (  2.5).




  22..88..        CCDDss


  22..88..11..   --

           CD-Rs:


       <ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/mkisofs/> (mkisofs)

       <ftp://ftp.ge.ucl.ac.uk/pub/mkhfs> (mkhybrid)


       cd-writer  ( 1.3),   
          CD-Rs:


       <ftp://ftp.fokus.gmd.de/pub/unix/cdrecord/> (cdrecord)

       <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/utils/disk-management/>
       (cdwrite)


     mirror    ftp-Servers 
     CD.         
  2.0  cdwrite,   .       
   !    - (man-page) 
  () mkisofs      

  1.5  cdwrite.

        (ports)  cdwrite 
  Irix  AIX   URL :


       <http://lidar.ssec.wisc.edu/~forrest/>


        2.0.31,    
    mkisofs     bug   
     Linux.     Debian  
   (patch)    1.05  mkisofs ( 1.11  
   , )      '-K' (  3.4).
     

       <ftp://ftp.debian.org/pub/debian/bo/source/oth
       erosfs/mkisofs_1.11-1.diff.gz>
             CD-
  image    loopback (  3.5.).


  22..88..22..    uusseerr iinntteerrffaaccee (())..

   X-CD-Roast     CD  
   X,      cdwtools-0.93.   


       <http://www.fh-muenchen.de/home/ze/rz/services/pro
       jects/xcdroast/e_overview.html>


      X-CD-Roast      
  cdwrite-2.0  '       
  (  1.4).        
    cdrecord.



  33..  ""       ,,     
     ..""

  (         CDs [AD64]. 
    ).


      CD   Linux   2 :


           ,
       mkisofs/mkhybrid-utility

          the CD-R   cdwrite  
     cdrecord

        2    (pipe)
            
  .  .



  33..11..       ssccssii ((ssccssii ddeevviiccee)) 
    

  [ :       scsi devices
   Linux         
  .         ,  
          .   
   ATAPI cd-writer     "cdrecord -scanbus" 
            
   .]

            
            
   CDs.           
     .

     dmesg.        
   Linux,       
   (:    l200)    
     CD-Writer      SCSI.

   :

    Vendor: YAMAHA  Model: CDR100       Rev: 1.11
    Type:   WORM                        ANSI SCSI revision: 02
  Detected scsi CD-ROM sr1 at scsi0, channel 0, id 3, lun 0




      4  SCSI    ( 
          ),   (SCSI-id)  0
   3.     4    SCSI  ' 
     /dev/sgd (    SCSI, 
       a).    ,  :



       cdwrite  --eject  --device /dev/sgd




     (tray)         
   .     :



       scsi0 : AdvanSys SCSI 1.5: ISA (240 CDB)
       scsi1 : Adaptec 1542
       scsi : 2 hosts.

         Vendor: HP      Model: C4324/C4325  Rev: 1.20
         Type:   CD-ROM                      ANSI SCSI revision: 02
       Detected scsi CD-ROM sr0 at scsi0, channel 0, id 2, lun 0

         Vendor: IBM     Model: DPES-31080   Rev: S31Q
         Type:   Direct-Access               ANSI SCSI revision: 02
       Detected scsi disk sda at scsi1, channel 0, id 0, lun 0

       scsi : detected 1 SCSI cdrom 1 SCSI disk total.
       SCSI device sda: hdwr sector= 512 bytes.




        SCSI   1  SCSI
   .    ((       7
    ).       , 
         . ...   , 
       ,   
    . :-)

      CD-Writer   SCSI 2  
        SCSI /dev/sga   
       SCSI   Linux .   
        SCSI  ,   
       .

    :      ; 
       "--<MANUFACTURER>"    
  ,        
    ::






  bash> cdwrite  --eject  --device /dev/sgb
  Unknown CD-Writer; if this model is compatible with any
  supported type, please use the appropriate command line
  flag.

  Manufacturer:  IBM
  Model:         DPES-31080
  Revision:      S31Q




        /dev/sbg    
  SCSI ( IBM).

       ,     
          . 
  ,      .


  33..22..    

       .   
            CD. :-)

  ,         CD
          
  iso9660 (  MB).


  33..33..      CCDD..

    _i_s_o_9_6_6_0   format     
    CD.     :   
    CD.

  ,          format
       Linux     
   , .  ,    CD   
  directory,           
  ...       ...     
  root. :-)

  (        
     ________ _______ _______ _(_v_i_r_t_u_a_l _f_i_l_e_s_y_s_t_e_m_),
     _V_F_S.)

       iso9660   
          extended-2 
      Linux.   ,  CD 
            
    .       iso9660 :


     8   -  (  
       directory  CD) (  RockRidge
     Extensions      )

           : 32 

    650 MB 





  33..44..      iissoo99666600

         (..
    (floppy disk),   (harddisk)  CD), 
       (  DOS :   format).
            
   ,      .

  ,   CD     ,   
        ,    format -
        . :-)

  ,         
         CD.   
   mkisofs.          
  :



       mkisofs  -r   -o cd_image   private_collection/
                     `---------'   `-----------------'
                          |               |
                       directory




    '-r'        CD  
          Rock Ridge.
            
          (:  
  '-r'    (mount-point)  
  _ (private_collection)!).

     Linux   2.0.31,     
   '-K'         
  .       mkisofs.   
        '-P'  cdwrite.  
        mkisofs  .  
       Linux     
     .

   mkisofs         
  8.3-format     DOS    
    .     
  ((     8.3-name),  
            
  STDERR (  ).



   :


         Linux       8.3  ,
         Linux     Rock Ridge 
             (,
        , .).


           mkisofs  
     .     :


     mkisofs        CD-writers ( 
      2.3.)
        (   4.)

      CD-writer    ,  
      mkisofs (   Linux 
        (real-time operating
  system)       ).  ,
        mkisofs   
     .      1:1   CD
        CD    cdwrite  
  .

  H 1:1         
             
    .    .

         (partition) 
              
  .          
   (   ),   
    Linux  .  ,   
  ,   CD-image      
       CD.



  33..55..    CCDD--iimmaaggee

   Linux         
   .       
            CD (CD-
  image).      cd_image  
     /cdrom,   


       mount -t iso9660 -o ro,loop=/dev/loop0 cd_image /cdrom




         /cdrom - 
           CD.  
    CD-image,   umount /cdrom.  :
       '-K'  mkisofs  o 
    /cdrom      .

  :

           mount    
         loopback-devices.    
          mount     
         Linux  .

               
             mount    mini-
       HOWTO.  .     Linux   
         mount:     (bug).   
        Linux      : 
          (bug).

               
          (bugs)  
        Linux,   mini-HOWTO    
           .



  33..66..       CCDD--RReeccoorrddaabbllee

       "c't"    
      CDs     1996:


     " (no-name)"      
           

       CD  ,    
       (    , ).  
              500MB
      CDs ...

       CDs       .


  33..77..    CCDD--iimmaaggee   CCDD

        .     
  ,        CD-writers  
          
  buffers .  ,        CD
   CD    ,      
     () CD.

            ,
            
   ethernet ...    _B_a_s_t_a_r_d _o_p_e_r_a_t_o_r _f_r_o_m_h_e_l_l   
    ,     . ;-)

     ,    , 
    SCSI-id  CD-writer     
  SCSI,      ,    
   ASR-FAQ   :



       cdwrite  --device /dev/sgd  cd_image
       or
       cdrecord -v speed=2 dev=4,0 cd_image




         .   
     SCSI       
     .     
        laser     
      CD,  .  ' ,    
        CD  .


  33..88..     ......

  ...          CDs
   . :-)


  44..      


  44..11..  ""      ;;""

  :    CD-writer.      
  buffer   1MB        1-2
    .       
  ,      .

       buffers     
     300kb/s  600kb/s     .

            
     _l_o_c_a_t_e       
      CD;      
    cron, at  anacron   CD-Rs.    ,
      compile      CD
    .       
  .


  44..22..  ""   ((ffrraaggmmeennttaattiioonn))    
  ;;""

             
  .      ,   
      ,     
       .      
        



       bash> e2fsck -n  /dev/sda5        # '-n' is important!
       [stuff deleted - ignore any errors]
       /dev/sda5: 73/12288 files (12.3% non-contiguous)




            , 
    73       
  (  /tmp)       .


  44..33..  ""     CCDD--iimmaaggee    
  UUMMSSDDOOSS;;""

  .          
     CDs  ,   ________ _______ _______
  (_N_F_S).      UMSDOS      
     Linux   DOS/Win   PC (486/66) 
     CDs.



  44..44..  ""        
  iissoo99666600;;""

  .         CD. 
       Linux    
    CD.

     :


          650MB.


       dd if=/dev/zero of="empty_file" bs=1024k count=650



        extended-2   


       bash> /sbin/mke2fs  empty_file
       empty_file is not a block special device.
       Proceed anyway? (y,n) y





           loopback


       mount -t ext2 -o loop=/dev/loop1 empty_file /mnt




        /mnt    (umount) .

      cdwrite   cdrecord  empty_file ( 
       )     iso9660-image.

         /etc/fstab    CD,
     , ..:



       /dev/cdrom  /cdrom  ext2  defaults,ro  0 0




    0  "   dumps",  
  (=)  "      " (
  fsck      CD  ).


  44..55..  ""      CCDD ;;""

     "cdda2wav"  "sox",    sunsite  
  mirrors :

       <ftp://sun
       site.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/sound/cdrom/cdda2wav0.71.src.tar.gz>

       <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/sound/convert/sox-11gamma-
       cb3.tar.gz>


   cdda2wav        (
     (track))   CD      
   .wav.   sox    wav   (CD  ) cdda-
  format       CD-R  
  cdwrite.


  44..66..  ""      SSCCSSII   ;;""

    drivers/scsi/scsi.c   





  /*
   * Usage: echo "scsi add-single-device 0 1 2 3" >/proc/scsi/scsi
   * with  "0 1 2 3" replaced by your "Host Channel Id Lun".
   * Consider this feature BETA.
   *     CAUTION: This is not for hotplugging your peripherals. As
   *     SCSI was not designed for this you could damage your
   *     hardware !
   * However perhaps it is legal to switch on an
   * already connected device. It is perhaps not
   * guaranteed this device doesn't corrupt an ongoing data transfer.
   */





  44..77..  ""    11::11   CCDD;;""

  .           
      (   ) 
     .

   :   CD-writer  CD-ROM .  
  :


       cdwrite -v -D /dev/sgc --pad -b  $(isosize  /dev/scd0) /dev/scd0
       or
       cdrecord -v dev=3,0 speed=2 -isosize /dev/scd0




         CD-ROM   
   /dev/scd0      /dev/sgc  CD-R.

   :     CD-ROM.   
          CD-ROM:


       dd if=/dev/scd0 of=cdimage bs=1c count=`isosize  /dev/scd0`




           mkisofs,  
         3.    
       CD !


  44..88..  ""  LLiinnuuxx   JJoolliieett CCDDss;;""

  .         
  .    , 

       <http://www-plateau.cs.berkeley.edu/people/chaf
       fee/joliet.html>




  44..99..  "" // CCDD--RROOMMss   CCDD--wwrriitteerr;;""

        CD-ROM.  .   
       scd (SCSI CD-ROM)  
   CDs  .  -  /etc/fstab:
       /dev/scd0  /cdrom  iso9660  ro,user,noauto  0  0





  55..   


  55..11..   ::   LLiinnuuxx

           
  . :

      SCSI       SCSI;

        ;

        CD    ;

      " "     .  
       (hardware conflict)   .


  55..22..   ::   DDOOSS   

     Linux.     
   SCSI  DOS   .   Linux  ;
  !


  55..33..    SSCCSSII      (())

  ,     

        dis-/reconnect   SCSI

       

      (      5.1.)

     ,   SCSI  
   ()    SCSI.   
      (   
     )     
      CD-R.

  ,   NCR 53c7,8xx SCSI   
   ,        
  :


       NCR53c7,8xx SCSI support                  [N/y/m/?] y
          always negotiate synchronous transfers [N/y/?] (NEW) n
          allow FAST-SCSI [10MHz]                [N/y/?] (NEW) y
          allow DISCONNECT                       [N/y/?] (NEW) y





  66..  


      AAnnddrreeaass EErrddmmaannnn <<eerrddmmaannnn@@zzpprr..uunnii--kkooeellnn..ddee>>
              YAMAHA-writer
      AArrtt SSttoonnee <<ssttoonnee@@mmaatthh..uubbcc..ccaa>>
              -iso9660    CD

      BBaarrttoosszz MMaarruusszzeewwsskkii <<BB..MMaarruusszzeewwsskkii@@zzssmmeeiiee..ttoorruunn..ppll>>
            

      BBeerrnnhhaarrdd GGuubbaannkkaa <<bbeegg@@iipppp--ggaarrcchhiinngg..mmppgg..ddee>>
                mount  
            loopback

      BBrriiaann HH.. TToobbyy
            .

     BBrruuccee PPeerreennss <<bbrruuccee@@ppiixxaarr..ccoomm>>
             cdwrite-mailinglist

      DDaallee SScchheeeettzz <<ddwwaarrff@@ppoollaarriiss..nneett>>
                cdimage.

     
        URL   mkhybrid

      EEddwwiinn HH.. KKrriibbbbss
            '-K'     mkisofs

      GGeerraalldd CC SSnnyyddeerr <<ggccssnnyydd@@lloooopp..ccoomm>>
             ext2 CD-ROM (see 4.4)

      IInnggoo FFiisscchheenniisscchh <<iinnggoo@@mmii..uunnii--kkooeellnn..ddee>>
                 
         .

      JJaannnnee HHiimmaannkkaa <<sshheemm@@ooyytt..oouulluu..ffii>>
                 Joliet CDs

      JJooeerrgg SScchhiilllliinngg <<sscchhiilllliinngg@@ffookkuuss..ggmmdd..ddee>>
            cdrecord

      JJooss vvaann GGeeffffeenn <<jjooss@@ttnnjj..pphhyyss..ttuuee..nnll>>
             4.9.

      PPiieerrrree PPffiisstteerr <<pppp@@uupplliifftt..ffrr>>
                1:1.

      RRiicckk CCoocchhrraann <<rriicckk@@mmsscc..ccoorrnneellll..eedduu>>
              / 
          default   ncr

      SStteepphhaann NNooyy <<ssttnnooyy@@mmii..uunnii--kkooeellnn..ddee>>
              CD .

      SStteepphheenn HHaarrrriiss <<sswweehh@@mmppnn..ccoomm>>
             CD .

      SShheeeeppyy OOnnee <<kkeerroo@@eessccaappee..ccoomm>>
              CDs  
        

      VVoollkkeerr KKuuhhllmmaannnn <<kkuuhhllmmaavv@@eelleecc..ccaanntteerrbbuurryy..aacc..nnzz>>
             "cdwrite"    mkisofs

     CD-Writing mini-HOWTO




