  Ϻ   
  ̸ geoman@nownuri.net, 
  1998 10 17
  SGML  :   alloying@nownuri.net
  1998 11 7

   ۿ ڳ , FTP ,  ,  , NFS
  񽺸    ׸     
  ˾ƺ Ѵ.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  1. ϴ ̾߱
  2.  񽺸  ΰ?
  3. ڳ (Telnet)
     3.1  غ
     3.2   
     3.3       
     3.4   ϱ
     3.5 Ƽ Ģ
     3.6  
     3.7 н Ͽ ͼ
     3.8 ׷ 
     3.9 ε н ý
     3.10 X  α׷ ϰ 
     3.11 αϴ ڿ ϱ
     3.12  ͹̳

  4. FTP 
     4.1 ͸ FTP  غ
     4.2 ο FTP  ġ
     4.3 ͸ FPT  
     4.4 ͸ FTP Ȩ 丮
     4.5  ȯ ޽
     4.6 õ  Ϸ  
     4.7 ũ !
     4.8 FTP  
     4.9 ͸ FTP   

  5.  
     5.1 ̸ ?
     5.2  -⺻
     5.3  -

  6. NFS 
     6.1 Ŭ̾Ʈμ NFS Ʈϱ
     6.2 NFS μ غ

  7.   ýۿ  
  8. ġ(Apache) HTTP  ġ 
     8.1 غ
     8.2 ġ
     8.3   src/Configuration  
     8.4 
     8.5  ȯ 
     8.6  
     8.7  (User Authentication)
     8.8   ý ǥؿ 
     8.9 ġ

  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  ϴ ̾߱

     鿩   ȯѴ.  
  κ  ϴ°? κ ϴ  ̰
  ⵵ ϸ鼭   ִ.  ӱ ϰų ̷
  峭 غµ ϴ  ְ 95  
   ٶ     ̴.  
   Ʈ    ̴.   
   ҽ ãƴٴϱ  8 ̻  ȭ ᵵ
  Ƚϰ   ֱ⿡   Ŭ̾Ʈ   Ѵ.
  Ǵ  α׷ ȯ ϴ   ̴.
  Ʈũ α׷, X  α׷ֿ   ȯ̶  
  ִ.  POSIX ԰ α׷ ҽ ٸ ÷
  󸶵 ҽ ڵ  Ͽ   ִ. Ư X 
  ǥ̱    .   밡 ֱ  ׷
   ߿   Լ ϴ  
  ϳ¡ Ʈũ , پ  Ʈũ μ
   ̴. Ըδ  㸶ũνý  ӽŵ
     ͳƮ ִ  ڵ Ʈ 
   ӽ    ǰ ִٴ  ƴ 𸣰ڴ.
  츮    ǻ Ȱ   ǽɹް
  ִ 95    ذ  Ƚ ȵǴ
  ʹ  ٸ.   ֵǴ  ٷ Ʈũ
  ̴.

   л  ڽŵ Ʈũ  ϰ ʹٴ
     ̴. п  üμ  ñ
   ʴ.    Ǵ Ŭ̾Ʈ ü 95 
   Ѵٴ   콺 ̰ κ ñ
  /NT/FreeBSD   ̴.   ̻   ų
   ˾Ƽ ֱ ٶ  쿡 н 迭ó پ
   ⺻ ϴ  ƴ  4.0 ǰ 
  ٴ 򰡵 ִ NT   ġϴ ͵ 
  ̴(̹     α׷ CDη  
  ȴ. ũ̼  ȥ  ٶ.  Ÿ 
    ). IIS Ǵ FrontPage Ϳ   ش  
  ̳ ȣȸ ذϱ ٶ.  ñ /FreeBSD 
    üε   ϵ  ̴. ڱ⿡
   ͼ  ϱ ٶ. FreeBSD 쿡 Ŭ н
    Ʈŷ   Ѵٴ  ƴ
   ̹ ˰ ִ ̴.  ᱹ  Է
  ƿ´ٰ Ѵ.  FreeBSD UC Ŭ ߾
  ϰ ִ.    ٸ.  = ڡ
  Ư  ϰ ִ   ٷ FreeBSD  
  ǥ 𵨵 鼭 Ʈŷ  Ͽ  BSD
  迭 Ե  ִ ü̱ ̴.

  ó ɷ ڸ  ̿ Ŀٶ ̴ .  
  ٰ Ѵٸ ĥ  и ġ  ̴.  Ŀ
   ɸ ü     ü 
  ϰ ʹ.    ̶   
   ϴ°  ũ   ¿ȴٴ ͵  ƾ
  Ѵ.  ׾߸  ̸   ִ  ڵ鿡
    а ޷ȴ.   ޷   
  鵵      Ǹ ׷   
  Ǹϰ   ߸  ִ.  ׻  а 
   ִٴ        .
   μ   å ڱⰡ ٴ ǵ  . 
  س ڴٴ    п ʰ 
  ٰ  ϸ  Ѵ.

  2.   񽺸  ΰ?

   ˰ ִ Ʈũ 񽺸 غ . ڳ , FTP
  ,  ,     ⺻  ̶  
  ִ.  ׿ܿ NFS     س  ְ Ʈŷ 
     ִ DNS , NIS  ׸ پ ÷
  ü迡 ư Ŭ̾Ʈ鿡   , Ʈ 
    س  ִ.

  1. ڳ 

  2. FTP 

  3.  

  4. NFS 

  5.  

     5  񽺸   , ׸  
     ˾ƺ ̴.

  3.  ڳ (Telnet)

  н 迭   ̶   ִ.  ȣƮκ
    ϰ   ý ڿ   ֵ
  ִ ̴. telnet <ȣƮ Ǵ ȣƮ IP ּ>  Էϰ
  ν   ġ   ܼ տ ɾ ִ ó
   α׷   ִ.

  Ŭ̾Ʈ/  𸣰 Ʈũ Ѵٴ 
  Ұϴٰ ϰ ʹ.   ̽ Ŭ̾Ʈ ڿ
  ʿ ̴. ڴ  ڿ ϰ   
  ڽ ͹̳η  ޴´ٴ   ˰ ־ Ѵ.

  3.1.   غ

  ڳ   ణ װ ִٰ ˷ ִ.  û ,
  ȿ  ״ ƴϴ Ʈũ  ؼ 
  ֽ  ü ʿ伺 ִ. װ  Ʈũ ڰ 
    ̰ڴ°?   ޾ƿ;   netkit-
  base-0.10.tar.gz ̴( ̺   ִٸ װ
  ޾ƿ).  Ʈ ftp.uk.linux.org̸  Ʈ 
  sunsite.unc.edu̴.   ̷ Ʈ ִ.  
    .tar.gz .txt Ǵ .lsm ( Linux Software Map )̶
  ̸   ޾Ƽ Ȯغ ٶ.  ڷḦ Ǯ ׳
  makeϴ ͸ε ϴ    ֵ Ǿ ִ. ڴ
  ¥  3.1 libc 5.4.7  ϳ   
  Ͽ. ġ Ʈ  make install̴.  ڳ   
  Ʈũ  ġش. biff, comsat, finger, fingerd, inetd,
  ping, rlogin, rlogind, rpc, rpcgen, rpc.usersd, rpc.rwalld, rpcinfo,
  rsh, rshd, rusers, rwall, rwho, rwhod, bsdslattach, talk, talkd, timed
   ٷ װ̴. ڿ d     Ѵ.

  3.2.    

  ϴ  û ޾Ƽ  ϵũ   Ѵ.
    ǿ adduser  ũƮ Ǵ
  (ũƮ ŷϱ Ƿ ƿ Ϸ  ͵ 
  ̴) ؼ ڸ   ֵ ְ ִ. 
   .

  # adduser

  Adding a new user. The username should not exceed 8 characters
  in length, or you may run into problems later.

   ID   8 ̻  . װ ο α ٶ.

       Enter login name for new account (^C to quit): foo

       Editing information for new user [foo]

  ڿ   ִ´.  , GID, UID, Ȩ 丮,
  ϴ  , н   ߿  Էؾ Ѵ. Ư
  UID  ڿ  ġ ϹǷ  ϱ ٶ.

       Full Name: Lee Man Yong
       GID [100]: ?

  ⼭ ׳ ,  ׷ ֱ Ѵٸ   
  .

       Group 'users', GID 100
       First unused uid is 506

  adduser ũƮ ڵ   UID    ȣ
  п ش.   ׳ ϸ ȴ.  Ưϰ
   ʿ䰡 ִٸ ϴ ġ ش.   ߺ ġ
   ȵȴٴ  ϶.

       UID [506]: ?

       Home Directory [/home/foo]: ?

  Ȩ 丮  /home Ʒ .     
  쿡 ڵ  ׷  /home1, /home2, /home3 ̷
   丮    Ʒ ϰ ֱ⵵ Ѵ.
    б й   Ϸ Ѵٸ /90, /91, /92 ó
  ְ  й ˾Ƽ ϴ   ? 
  ýۿ ׳ /home ϳ Ʒٰ ϴ  .

       Shell [/bin/bash]: ?

  Ǵ C  ȣϴ  /bin/tcsh Էش.

       Password [foo]:Shell [/bin/bash]: ********?

  н带 ϰ κ  <>Űε ذȴ.
  н  ִ ܾ   ҹ, ڸ
   ϴ  . б  ȯ濡   ִ 鳢
  ϴ  ý̶  . ߿  ؼ
       ִ ǻ͵  ٸ  ڳ
        ϱ ׶  ˾ƺ .

       Information for new user [foo]:
       Home directory: [/home/foo] Shell: [/bin/bash]
       uid: [506] gid: [100]

   Է   ָ ڸ   ´.

       Is this correct? [y/N]: Y

       Adding login [foo] and making directory [/home/foo]

       Adding the files from the /etc/skel directory:
       ./.less -> /home/foo/./.less
       ./.lessrc -> /home/foo/./.lessrc
       ./.Xdefaults -> /home/foo/./.Xdefaults
       ./.Xmodmap -> /home/foo/./.Xmodmap
       ./.bash_logout -> /home/foo/./.bash_logout
       ./.bash_profile -> /home/foo/./.bash_profile
       ./.bashrc -> /home/foo/./.bashrc
       ./.emacs -> /home/foo/./.emacs
       ./.inputrc -> /home/foo/./.inputrc
       ./.kermrc -> /home/foo/./.kermrc
       ./.mailcap -> /home/foo/./.mailcap
       ./.mime.types -> /home/foo/./.mime.types
       ./.cshrc -> /home/foo/./.cshrc

  ũƮ   Ȩ丮  ⺻  
  ִ ϵ ڵ /etc/skel 丮  Ȩ丮
  Ѵ.  .bashrc, .inputrc, .cshrc  ߿   /etc/skel
  ־ΰ ڵ ó ߿  ÿ ð  ʾƵ
  ǵ Ű  .      ϴ.   
  ð ϸ    ð  ȴ.

  3.3.        

  ù °, ۹̼! ۹̼! ۹̼!   Ȩ 丮  drwxr-
  xr-x ۹̼  ִ.   d  丮 ǹ ̰
   rwx, r-x, r-x  , ׷, Ÿο  ۹̶̼
    ̴.  ߿ϰ  ȯ濡 Ÿο Ͽ x
  ۹̼ ָ ƿ 丮    ڵ鿡
  ñ⺸ٴ ũƮ   ϳ   ڵ Ȩ
  丮 Ÿ  ۹̼ ִ ͵ .   ڰ
  ؾ  κ  ۹̴̼. ̰ ϳ  ϸ  
   ȴ.   ͼ 峭 ϰ ;ϴ ũĿ
  ִ ϴ ö배 ۹̼ǿ ݹ   ̴.  ũĿ
  ٽô    ʴ´. ֳϸ ó  ũ
   ʾ ڱ  ġ ̴. Ƹ ٸ  ã 
  ̴.   ° root ϴ  ۹̼ ö ϶.
  Ư /sbin, /usr/sbin 丮 Ÿο  ۹̼(丮
    ۹̼ Ư ǹ̸ ´) ּ   
  ϶. /sbin  /usr/sbin 丮 ִ κ α׷ root
  ƴ   ʿ䰡  . Ư fdisk   Ÿ
   ۹̼ ־ ȵȴ.   °  α׷ . 
   ڸ Ͽ   ְ ִ su   ӿ
  Ʋ. su ִٸ Ϲݻڷ ͼ Ʈ н常
  ˾Ƴ  Ʈ   ֱ ̴.  su sudo
  ؼ  غ ٶ.

  3.4.    ϱ

  (quota) ̶ ڰ ̿  ִ ϵũ 
  ϴ  Ѵ. Ŀ       ־
  ϰ     ְ ִ α׷(quota, edquota,
  quotacheck, quotaon, repquota, quotactl) ̿ϸ ȴ.   
  ϴ   ڵ鿡  Ϸ  ƴϴ.  
   ȯ濡   ڰ ڿ ν ٸ
  ڿ ظ ִ  ֱ ؼ̴.  ڰ
  ͳƮκ 95  ܶ ftp ޾Ƴ /home Ƽ 
      ΰ?   Ѹ ִٸ ڵ
    ̴. ׷  Ѱ Բ ־    
  Ӱ   ִ ϵũ ̴.  Ȩ 丮 ͸
     ڵ  ñ ̴.  
  ϵũ  /var/tmp  丮 Ʈ ѳ ۹̼
  Ӱ ش.

  3.5.  Ƽ Ģ

  /home Ƽ, /var/tmp  Ƽ Ʈ Ƽ̳ Ÿ /usr
  Ƽǰ Ͽ ϴ  . Ƽ  ؼ
  ƮϿ ϵ簡 ƴϸ  ϵũ   ƿ ٸ
  ϵũ θ . Ư /usr Ƽ б θ ƮǴ
    ٶϴ. ڼ    ý ԰ FSSTND
   ؼ о ٶ.

  3.6.   

  ڸ     ̴.   ϴ
  deluser   .     ϴ.
  /etc/passwd ڿ شϴ     Ȩ
  丮  ָ ȴ.      Ȩ 丮
  Ӹ ƴ϶ ٸ     ִ. ׷   
  ϸ ȴ.

       find / \( -nogroup -o -nouser \) -print

  ̷ ϸ ڸ     ϵ ȴ. ׷
  ̷   ؾ Ѵ.  ʴ    ֱ
  ̴.  Ǵ ̸ find / -user foo ϵ ˻ؼ 
  . 

       find / -user foo -exec rm -f {} \;

  ϸ   ϴ   ̰  ý ۹̼
  Ϻ 쿡   ࿩ ̶  ϴ 쿡
   ʴ    ִ. , ׸  
  ̵ 츸 ϸ ȴ.   Ϲ ڿ ؼ

       find / -user <ڸ> -exec rm -f {} \;

   ص  ̴. Ǿ  ڶ  ̷ο find
    α ٶ. ڰ find  𸥴ٸ ̹
  ǰ̴.

  3.7.  н Ͽ ͼ

  /etc/passwd    캸 ٶ.

       ftp:*:404:1::/home/ftp:/bin/bash
       guest:*:405:100:guest:/dev/null:/dev/null
       yong:JprJGlXBC1bGQ:501:100:Lee Man Yong,Home,,(02) 603-2461,:/home/yong:/bin/bash
       smileguy:EbhqvUES5/4/s:502:100:J J H:/home/smileguy:/bin/bash
       postgres:PbKIAttHJZqJw:503:100:Postgres95 Master:/home/postgres95:/bin/csh

    .

       ڸ:ȣȭ н:UID:GID::Ȩ 丮:

  7 ʵ尡 ݷ(:) иǾ ִ. adduser ũƮ 
  ʰ ׳  Էص ȴ.  ftp, guest ڸ  
  캸. ftp ڴ ͸ FTP ڸ ϴµ н ʵ忡
  ֽ͸ũ (*) ִ  ָ.  ̷ ϸ  
  ϵǾ ֱ  α    ȴ.    
  α ϰ  н  տ ֽ͸ũ (*)
  ־ָ ȴ. װ ϸ ٽ α  ִ.

  3.8.  ׷ 

  ׷  ʿ伺 Ͽ    ִ. װ ׷
   ʴ. /etc/group ̶    캸 .  
  /etc/passwd ϰ ϴ. ''׷:н:GID:׷ȸ Ʈ''
     ´. ٽ н ʵ  ƹ ͵
   ʾҴ. ׷쿡 н带 οϷ 츦  κ 
  н ε   .  ο ׷   ִ
  ׷  ٸ ̸ ׸  GID οѴ. ׸ ϴ ڸ
  ȸ Ʈ ޸(,) иϿ  ȴ.

       root::0:root
       bin::1:root,bin,daemon
       daemon::2:root,bin,daemon
       sys::3:root,bin,adm
       adm::4:root,adm,daemon
       tty::5:
       disk::6:root,adm
       lp::7:lp
       mem::8:
       kmem::9:
       wheel::10:root
       floppy::11:root
       mail::12:mail
       news::13:news
       uucp::14:uucp
       man::15:man
       users::100:games
       nogroup::-2:

  3.9.  ε н ý

    ʿ ý 쿡 ε н 
  Ѵ.  /etc/passwd  Ʈ ڸ ƴ   
   ִ ̹Ƿ ϴ   īǺ   ְ ϸ
  '  (Dictionary Attack)̶  Ἥ  н带
   ڵ ȣ   ֱ ̴.  ׷ ¥ н ٸ
   ܵΰ  /etc/passwd ִ ε(Shadow) н
  ý̶   ̴.  ε н带 ٷ ϰڴ.
  ֳϸ  ŷӱ ̴.  ε н ý
  ȯϷ   .  н ۸ ٲٴ  ƴ϶
  ׿   α׷ ε н ؾ Ѵٴ 
  .   How-To    ִ  װ ϱ
  ٶ.

  3.10.  X  α׷ ϰ 

  ڳ   ִ ִ   ϳ ٷ X Ŭ̾Ʈ/X 
  ̴.    X  ۵״ٸ ׸ 
   ָ X  ڵ  X  α׷ Ѽ
  ڽ  X      ִ.  ̷ ν 
   Ư  α׷ ϰ ־ Ӹ ϸ ġ ڱ
  ǻ α׷    ִ.   Ʈũ ӵ
  ; Ѵ.  Ϲ X  ۵ϸ ٸ ȣƮ ͼ
   X α׷ Ͽ ڽ X ͹̳ο    ְ
  Ǿ ʴ. ׷     ־ Ѵ.

       xhost +ȣƮ
       Ǵ
       xhost +

   ȣƮκ X  Ѵ. ÷(+)  
  ̳ʽ (-) ڸ ϸ ־ ȣƮκ X  Ѵ.
  ׳ ÷ ڸ   ȣƮκ  Ѵ. 
  ̳ʽ ڸ   ȣƮκ  Ѵ. ׳ ƹ
  μ xhost ϸ  ¸ ش.  
  ȣƮ  Ѵ.   X  α׷ û ý
  ڿ ϱ     ǻ,  ( 64ް
  ̻,  ̻   ĳ÷ 512KB ø ٶ. 128 ް ̻
   Ŀο ɼ ־߸ ȴٴ  ˾ƾ Ѵ),  
  Ƽ( 100ް ̻ ) 䱸Ѵ.

  3.11.  αϴ ڿ ϱ

  /etc/issue.net̶ Ͽ  ϴ  ָ ȴ.
   Ͽ ü, , ۵Ǵ ӽ Ī( ӽ 
  ƴϸ ), ¥  Ÿ Ưڰ   ִ.  
   ؼ ý ̶ Ŀ    Ͻ
  ߴ    ִ.

  /etc/issue.net 

       %s %r (%m) %v (%t)
            %d Դϴ.
          ȯմϴ!
       freeyong:~$ telnet localhost
       Trying 127.0.0.1...
       Connected to localhost.
       Escape character is '^]'.

       Linux 2.0.23 (i586) #7 Wed Oct 23 05:03:07 KST 1996 (ttyp4)
            11:14 on Saturday, 02 November 1996 Դϴ.
          ȯմϴ!

  3.12.   ͹̳

   ߿  Ưϰ  Ƿ  ڴ ٷ Ʈ̴.
   ũĿ н  Ƹٿ   ϳ ڳ ְ
   ϴ    ƴϴ.  αϿ 
  ǻ͸    ִٴ  ū ŷ̱⵵  Ŀٶ
     ִ.  ũĿ  ε ù ° ǥ
    Ʈ йȣ ˾Ƴ ̴. ׷ Ǹ  ý
    վȿ  Ǵ ̴.  ִ ũĿ ϱ 
   ͹̳(Secure Terminal)̶  ִ. Ʈ ڴ
  ƯϹǷ ̸    ܼ, ׸ ϴٰ ϴ
  ͹̳θ   ֵ ϴ ̴.  Ʈ Ư
  ʿ 찡 ƴ϶  α,   ʴ 
  .    /etc/securetty ̴.  ¥
  ɰϴٸ ɰϴٰ   ִ  ִ.  
  캸 .

  console
  tty1
  tty2
  tty3
  tty4
  tty5
  tty6
  ttyS0
  ttyS1
  ttyS2
  ttyS3
  ttyp0
  ttyp1
  ttyp2
  ttyp3

  켱 Ʈ ܼ  ڱ  տ α  ִ.   
  ܼ tty1 tty6 ׸  ӵ ø  Ǵ  
  ttyS0 ttyS3 ִ. ¥  Ǵ  ٷ 
  ͹̳ ttyp0 ttyp3 ߰ ̴. ̰  ̴.
    Ʈ     ŭ   
   ξ . Ʈ αϷ ϴٰ  ͹̳
  ƴ϶ źϴ    .

       Trying 127.0.0.1...
       Connected to localhost.
       Escape character is '^]'.
        Linux 2.0.25 (i586) #14 Sun Nov 10 02:32:27 KST 1996 (ttyp5)

            18:58 on Monday, 11 November 1996 Դϴ.
          ȯմϴ!

       freeyong login: root
       root login refused on this terminal.

  4.  FTP 

  FTP TCP/IP  ߿ κ ִ ̴.  
    Ͱ  뷮  ۿ  FTP 񽺰
  ̴ְ.  ׸ FTP ⺸ٴ    յǴ
    ִ.  FTP 񽺴 ũ     ִµ 
  ýۿ  ڵ  Ϲ FTP ͸ 
  ڵ鿡 ϴ ͸ (Anonymous) FTP ִ.  ڿ 
  FTP 񽺴 ڳݰ ϰ ڸ н带 Է¹ް ڱ
  Ѹŭ Ͽ ؼ ޾ư   ڽ Ȩ 丮 
   ε嵵 ϴ.  ణ Ǹ ϴ  ٷ ͸
  FTP̴. ϴ   ִ κ ұԸ FTP ׷ 
   ̷  𸣳 Ŀٶ FTP Ʈ ǼϷ
  Ѵٸ  û ý ƴϸ ȵ ̴.

  4.1.  ͸ FTP  غ

    ڳݰ   ġ Բ FTP 񽺴 ⺻
  ̷.   ӽ ̹ Ʈũ Ѵٸ е
  𸣴 ̿  ̹  ǻ͸ ͸ FTP ϰ
  ִ 𸥴. FTP     inetd  ȴ. 
   ð  ؼ ftpd ׳  .

  4.2.  ο FTP  ġ

  /usr/sbin 丮  .

       freeyong:/usr/sbin# ls -l *ftpd
       -rwxr--r--   1 root     root         8528 Sep  9 14:14 in.tftpd*
       -rwxr-xr-x   1 root     bin         77444 Dec  6  1995 wu.ftpd*

    ٿ  wu.ftpd ٸ Ʈũ ŰƮ ޾ƴٰ ġ
  ִ  . ⺻ ġ̴.  п  پ ftp
  ̸   н 迭 Ʈ ã    ̴.
  츮 ġ ftp  ٷ   wu.ftpd̴.

  4.3.  ͸ FPT  

  ͸ FTP Ư  ߿ϴ. ׻ Ǹ  
  Ѵٴ  ϴ   ʴ.  ϴ  ũĿ
  ڴٴ ͺٴ ý ٽɺθ Ÿο 巯 ν
  ġ  ϵ  ϴ ̴. ׷  غ.

       ftp:*:404:1::/home/ftp:/bin/bash

  /etc/passwd    Ǿ ִ     ̴.
  н ʵ忡 ֽ͸ũ ڸ Ƿ ftp αθδ
  ڳ Ӱ     Ǿ ִ.  ü Ұϱ
   ϰ ϱ ؼ е /bin/bash  ɷ ϴ ͺٴ
  ׳ /bin/false  صδ ͵ .  , ¥
    쿡 ־ ftp ڴ   1 ׷쿡 ϴ
   ִµ 1 ׷ bin ׷̴.  anonymous ׷
    Ŀ  ׷  ϸ   ϴ.

  4.4.  ͸ FTP Ȩ 丮

  ͸ FTP Ȩ 丮 ó /home/ftp̴.  ,  
   ͸ FTP   غ. ׷   
   丮  ̴.   cd /   ý
  Ʈ 丮  غ  ϴ 丮  
  ƴ϶ δ ü ýۿ /home/ftp شϴ  ӹ
  ̴.  ̰ ͸ FTP Ϲ ڵ FTP ٸ ̴. ͸
  FTP 쿡 ftp ڿ ־ /home/ftp ġ / ó ۵ϵ
  Ǿ ִ.  chroot  ۵Ͽ /home/ftp
  丮 Ʈ 丮ó νϵ ϴϱ /home/ftp  
  丮      ̴.   丮
  غ .

  drwxr-xr-x    8 root  wheel   1024 Aug 23 20:30 .
  drwxr-xr-x     8 root  wheel   1024 Aug 23 20:30 ..
  drwxr-xr-x     2 root  wheel   1024 Aug 23 20:30 bin
  drwxr-xr-x     2 root  wheel   1024 Aug 23 20:30 etc
  drwxrwxrwx   3 root   wheel   1024 Oct 11 16:21 incoming
  drwxr-xr-x     2 root  wheel   1024 Nov 17  1993 lib
  drwxr-xr-x     2 root  wheel   1024 Aug 23 20:30 pub
  drwxr-xr-x     3 root  wheel   1024 Aug 23 20:30 usr
  -rw-r--r--     1 root  root     312 Aug  1  1994 welcome.msg

  켱 /home/ftp   ftp 丮 ftp ڰ ϰ ־
  Ѵ.  ׸ ٸ   ۹̼  ȵȴ.   ftp/bin
   /home/ftp/bin ls   ϳ ־ ϸ
    , Ʈ   ls ۹̼ 111̴.
   ftp/etc   ̸   Ǿ ־ Ѵ. 
   passwd group  ִµ δ ý ü н
  ׷ ϰ ٸ ̴.   ִ  dir   ڰ
  ƴ϶ ڸ ׷  ϱ ̴.   н 
   ƿ ٴ    ִ.     ڸ
  ׷ ڷθ  ̴.   ftp/pub ϴ б⸸ Ǿ Ѵ.
  ε   ftp/incoming ̿϶.  ǵ鿡 incoming
  丮 ڰ ߸Ǿ ִµ ڴ Ʈ ƴ϶ ftp
  Ѵ. Ʈ   chown ftp  ftp/incoming̶ ϸ ȴ.
   ftp ڿԸ   ־ ε带   ֵ Ǿ
  ִ. ftp ڿԸ   ֵ Ѵ. ϴ   ø
  Ͽ ؼ   . 鿡 ϸ ø  ƴ϶
    ÷ֵ ŹѴ. ڴ  incoming
  丮  pub 丮 ؿ ˸° ַ  ٽ
  ڵ ٿε常   ְ ش.

  4.5.   ȯ ޽

  /home/ftp 丮  welcome.msg    ִ. װ
  ڵ鿡 ˷   ָ ȴ. ý  ,
  ׷̵ ҽ  Ǵ ο ڷ ҽ ׻ ÷ָ  ̴.
   丮    ȳ ִ 찡 ִ.  
  .message   丮  ȭ鿡 ǥϰ  
   ȴ. Ǹ(.) ڷ ϴ ӿ ϶.

  4.6.  õ  Ϸ  

  õ ƮѼ   ϴ ͵   
  ϳ Ѵ. ׸ ϵũ 뷮   ֱ  
  . ׷   õ  ͸ FTP Ϸ  
  ణ  ް ִ  .  ϴ  Ʈ
  ߴٰ ϰų Ǵ  /cdrom Ʈ  /home/ftp 
  丮 ũϸ   ص  õ ִ
  丮 ã ϱ ̴.   ׷? ٷ ͸ FTP /home/ftp
   chroot   Ʈ(/) 丮ó  
  ̴.    /home/ftp ۿ ִ 丮
  Ϸ ϰų ũϷ ϸ ã  ٰ ´.  
  õ  /home/ftp 丮 .1 ó Ʈ ϴ
  丮  Ŀ   ش.

       mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /home/ftp/.1

  ׸ /home/ftp ȿ   /.1  õ 
  丮 ũصθ ȴ.  ϴ /home/ftp/.1̶ 丮ٰ
  Ʈ ϰ ͸ FTP  Ǹ  丮 chroot ɿ
  Ͽ ʹ /.1θ νĵȴ. װ FTP Ŭ̾Ʈ Ե
  ̴.   ࿡ õ slakware 丮
  /pub/slakware 丮 ϰ ʹٸ   Ѵ.

       cd /home/ftp
       cd pub
       ln -s /.1/slakware slakware (  /home/ftp/.1 ƴϴ. )

   ٸ 뷮 ϵũ Ʈؼ Ϸ Ѵٸ Ʈ 
  б  صα ٶ. -o ro ɼ  ̱ ٶ.

  4.7.  ũ !

  ȿ  ߿ؾ   ִ. ٷ ũ ̴. 
  /home/ftp  丮   丮 /home/ftp ʿ
  ũغ ƹ ҿ . ռ  ٿ  ͸ FTP ǿ
  chroot ȣǸ /home/ftp  丮  ȣ ̷
  ̴.  ׷   Ư Ƽ /home/ftp  ʿ Ʈϴ
   ϴµ ׷ Ƽ  ͸ FTP θ  ٶ.
   ͸ FTP ƴ϶ ٸ Ϲ 뵵 ϰ ȴٸ ũ
   ö󰡴   쿬ġ ʰ   ʴ
  丮   ְ ȴ.   ڴ ¥ õ
  ͸ FTP ϱ  켱 õ /home/ftp/.1 ̶ 丮
  ƮϿ. ׸ pub 丮    ߴٰ ġ.

       ln -s /.1/rootdsks rootdsks

  , Ȯ ϱ ؼ ͸ FTP .

       cd pub
       cd rootdsks
       cd ..

  ⼭ 츮 ٽ pub ƿ  ƴ϶ .1̶ 丮
   ȴ.

  4.8.  FTP  

  FTP   ϳ  ڴ ٷ  ɼ̶ ϰ
  ʹ.  ް ִ  񽺺ٴ ڱ ڽ ȭϰ 
    ϴ ó̱ ̴.  Ǹ FTP 񽺿
  ؼ   ̿Ͽ   ֱ ٶ. ׷
  ڵ  ̿  ִ.    FTP Ʈ ũ
  ִ ͵  ̴. ̷ ϸ  񽺿 FTP 񽺰 ȭ
  ̷  ִ.

  4.9.  ͸ FTP   

   ѿ   /etc 丮 ftpusers, ftpgroups 
    Ѵ. ftpusers     캸.

       # The entire line gets matched, so no comments or extra characters on
       # lines containing a username.
       #
       root
       uucp
       news

       # End of ftpusers.
       news

    root, uucp, news ڿ ؼ FTP  ü
   Ѵ.  ftpusrs ϵ ڴ   ޴  ƴ϶
     ޴´ٴ ̴. ̵  ڵ ʹ
  ϱ  Ŀٶ  ų  ũ.    ѿ
  ؼ ˾ƺ. ͸ FTP      ְ 
   .   ɰ 뿪   ؾ  ̴.
  (local)ڴ 뿪 ũ 䱸ϹǷ   ο
  ؾ ϸ (remote) ڴ ۷   Ƿ
  ξ  ο    ̴. װ ϴ  ٷ
  /etc/ftpaccess ̴.

       limit   local   20  Any                  /etc/msgs/msg.toomany
       limit   remote  100 SaSu|Any1800-0600   /etc/msgs/msg.toomany
       limit   remote  60  Any          /etc/msgs/msg.toomany

  켱 ù   ڴ   (Any) 20 Ѵ.
  ׸  ʹ Ƽ  ź  /etc/msgs/msg.toomany
    ش.  °      SaSu 
   (Saturday), Ͽ(Sunday) Ǵ  ̵ 18ú 06
  ñ 100 Ѵ.      60
  ѵȴ. ǽĿ ־ ù ° ǽ ȿϸ װ͸ Ѵٴ
   ϱ ٶ.  °   ڿ Ǹ  °
   ó ʴ´.  ο -1 ϸ ο  ִ
  ̴.

  5.   

  ͳƮ  񽺸  Ѵٸ ٷ ̸ 񽺸   
  ̴. ̸̾߸ ̵ л̵ ͳƮ  󸶳 ˰
  ֳĿ  ѹ  ̰    
   ˰ ִ.         ̴.
  ׸  ô뿡 ¾ ̸   Ⱥ ״  
  ̴.  񽺴 FTP,  񽺿    ǻ
   ִ ּ ̴.  ׸ ε  ޽ ޿
  ̴  ʿ ̴.

  5.1.  ̸ ?

  ٸ ü迡 Ʈ ϼ ũμƮ 
   پ ñ  н 迭 ܿ sendmail̶ 
   ִ.  پ缺 ̶ ٴ sendmail  
  ̶   ִ.  sendmail̶ ϴ   ٷ 
  ̸ ̴.       
  Ʈũ ڶ ϰ  ̴. ִ  
   󸶳  ̸԰ ϴ   2 ̻ غ
   ģ ̶   ̴.    
         ִ. ϰ Ϸ  
  ԰  ǻ翡   β  å 缭 
  ȴ.   ׷ ̸ ʿ . 츮    
  ɸ  ̱  ش ׸   ȴ. ׸
   ̻      ̴.   ֽ 
  8.9.1̴.  3.1 ʱ, ¥ 8.8.2  
  ְ ȿ ణ װ ִٰ ǰ ִ. ¥ 
  ѱ  ѱ ġ  ξ .   
    ӽ Ϸ е   ؾ Ѵ.

      8.8.8 ̻

    ѱ pine 3.96k

    pkgtool   remove ϰ sendmail
  κ ָ ȴ. ⿡ ռ 켱 ps aux  sendmail
  μ Ȯ  μ δ. ׸  ϱ ٶ.

  5.2.   -⺻

   ġϰ setup Ѽ ý  ٽ ش.
  configure ޴  Ŀ ٸ  ȭŰ   ҽŲ
  Ŀ SENDMAIL CONFIGURATION SMTP+BIND Ǵ SMTP Ѵ. ڴ
  Ӽ  ִ ̸ ڴ Ӽ   
  ̴.

  5.3.   -

   鿡Դ ش ʰ    븦   
   ǻ͵鿡   Ʈ(gateway) ϰ  
   ̴.  ׸ ٸ  뵵  ʿ䰡 ִ.  ̷ 
  ٷ  Ʈũ ڷμ ɰ  ̷ 
  ̴.  Ұۿ ġ Ƿ  ڱ⺸ ξ Ƿ
   ̳   Sendmailå غ ٶ.

  6.  NFS 

   Network File System ̶    ִ 𸣰ڴ.
  н    ̹   ִ  Ʈũ
    ϳ̴. ٷ   ý Ϻθ ġ ڱ ڽ
  丮 ó   ְ ִ  NFS̴. NFS  ߿
   û 뷮 ϵ ũ žϰ ִ  
  ũ̼ Ʈũ ٸ ǻ͵鿡  ý 񽺸
  ν  ǻ͵ ʿ ̻ ڿ  ʿ䵵 
  Ʈ ̸  Ƶ ʿ䵵  ȴ.  غ.
  繫  ׸ б 繫  Ʒѱ ġߴٰ ġ. 
  غ ̴.  繫ǿ Ʒѱ ٰ ٽ
  ƴ޶ ûϴ 찡 .   PC ġ Ѵٴ 
   ð̴.  ѱ۰ ǻͻ翡 ο 
  ̼Ḧ   ߾ ȣƮ 2-3  Ƽǿٰ
  Ʒѱ ġصд. ׸ װ NFS   ڵ鿡
  ִ ̴.    ӵ Ǿ  ̴. ׷
  δ ռ  PC Ʒѱ ϳ ġϴ  ϰ 
  ̴.  켱 Ŭ̾Ʈ  NFS Ʈ   
  ˾ƺ Ѵ.

  6.1.  Ŭ̾Ʈμ NFS Ʈϱ

      ȯ濡 Ǵ ͳƮ  п
  ׵ Ư 丮 NFS Ʈ  ְ 㰡־ٰ .
  nfs-host.xxx.co.kr ȣƮ ڽ /usr/local 丮
  Ʈϵ 㰡־ٰ Ѵ.   ̵ PPP  
  TCP/IP  ̷ ´ٸ   ϸ ȴ.

       # mount -t nfs nfs-host.xxx.co.kr:/usr/local /usr/local

     nfs-host.xxx.co.kr /usr/local 丮 ڽ
  /usr/local 丮 NFS  Ʈϴ ̴. 
  Ʈ ɼ -o rsize=8192, wsize=8192 ָ  ȿ ӵ 
   ִٰ Ѵ.  ̷ ϰ  cd /usr/local ϸ 󸶵 
  丮 ó   ִ.   κ  
  ų    б θ 㰡 ̴. 
  95   ϰ ִٸ ξ ǰ NFS Ŭ̾Ʈ
  ؾ  ̴.

  6.2.  NFS μ غ

   ¥ Ǵ κ  ġ ϸ ̹ NFS 
  ̶ θ ͵    ϵ Ǿ ִ. 
  /etc/rc.d/rc.inet2 ణ ϸ ׸̴.

       # # Start the various SUN RPC servers.
       if [ -f ${NET}/rpc.portmap ]; then
       #  # Start the NFS server daemons.
       if [ -f ${NET}/rpc.mountd ]; then
         echo -n " mountd"
         ${NET}/rpc.mountd
         fi
       if [ -f ${NET}/rpc.nfsd ]; then
         echo -n " nfsd"
         ${NET}/rpc.nfsd
         fi
            .
            .
            .

  ̷ κ ãҴ°? rpc.mountd rpc.nfsd ۵  ֵ ּ
  ó  ֵ Ѵ. ڴ NFS Ʈ ̰ ڴ NFS  
   ̴.     丮   ɼ
    ϴ  Ҵ.  ⼭ ߿  ٷ
  /etc/exports ̴.

  # See exports(5) for a description.
  # This file contains a list of all directories exported to other computers.
  # It is used by rpc.nfsd and rpc.mountd.
  /home/alzza2    168.126.124.228(ro)
  /home/alzza2    206.48.168.180(ro)
  /home/yong      localhost(ro)

  # sample /etc/exports file
         /               master(rw) trusty(rw,no_root_squash)
  /projects       proj*.local.domain(rw)
         /usr            *.local.domain(ro) @trusted(rw)
  /home/joe       pc001(rw,all_squash,anonuid=150,anongid=100)
         /pub            (ro,insecure,all_quash)

  man exports غ   exports  ̴. ȣƮ
  ׸ ں ȣ ȿ ģ ɼ ְ 㰡  ֵ ְ
  ִ.  ϴ ˾Ƶξ  ɼ ٷ ro, rw  ̴. 
   master, trusty ȣƮ ؼ Ʈ 丮 / ü
  б/ ϰ ִ. θ local.domain̰ ȣ proj
  ϴ ȣƮ ؼ /projects 丮 б/
  ϰ ִ.     ȣƮ Ͽ /pub 丮
  б  ְ ִ.   ٿ  / 丮 ٸ
  ȣƮ ׸  Ϻ 丮 شϴ /pub Ϲε鿡
  ϴ   Ƽ  и ʾƵ ߺؼ 
  丮  Ϻε丮  Ʈ   ִ.  ʹ
   ?

  7.    ýۿ  

   ͳƮ 񽺿 ׿ شǴ  ֱ ̴.
   Ȯ  Ȱ  μ ϴµ ҿ 
  Ḹ ڰ ִٰ Ŭ̾Ʈ  䱸  .  ڳ
  񽺿 telnet , FTP 񽺿 ؼ ftp , 
  񽺿 ؼ mail  ׸ NFS 񽺿 ؼ nfs ,
    񽺿 ؼ   ʿϴ.  Ͽ ؼ
  sendmail Ǵ smail̶  ׸ NFS ؼ 
  rpc.mountd, rpc.nfsd ؾ ϰ  񽺴  httpd 
  ִµ telnet ftp  쿡 ׷ ܵ ٱ ٴ inetd
   ̶ Ϳ ؼ  ޾Ƽ ʿ  ǵ Ǿ
  ִ.     캸 inetd  ߴ    ִ.
  inetd  ߿  /etc/inetd.conf ̴.  
  Ϻθ 캸 .

  # See "man 8 inetd" for more information.
  #
  # If you make changes to this file, either reboot your machine or send the
  # inetd a HUP signal:
  # Do a "ps x" as root and look up the pid of inetd. Then do a
  # "kill -HUP <pid of inetd>".
  # The inetd will re-read this file whenever it gets that signal.
  #
  # <service_name>  <sock_type> <proto>   <flags> <user> <server_path>
  <args>
  #

  #
  # These are standard services.
  #
  ftp     stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  wu.ftpd
  telnet  stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.telnetd
  nntp    stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.nntpd
  # The comsat daemon notifies the user of new mail when biff is set to y:
  comsat        dgram   udp     wait    root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.comsat
  #
  # Shell, login, exec and talk are BSD protocols.
  #
  shell   stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.rshd -L
  login   stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.rlogind
  # exec  stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.rexecd
  # talk  dgram   udp     wait    root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.talkd
  ntalk   dgram   udp     wait    root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.talkd
  #
  # Pop et al
  #
  # pop2  stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.pop2d
  pop3    stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.pop3d

  #
  # Finger, systat and netstat give out user information which may be
  # valuable to potential "system crackers."  Many sites choose to disable
  # some or all of these services to improve security.
  # Try "telnet localhost systat" and "telnet localhost netstat" to see that
  # information yourself!
  #
  finger  stream  tcp     nowait  nobody  /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.fingerd -w
  systat  stream  tcp     nowait  nobody  /usr/sbin/tcpd  /bin/ps -auwwx
  netstat stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  /bin/netstat -a

     ̶ ٲٴ 쿡  κп  ó
  inetd kill -HUP ؼ μ   ٽ  Ѵ.  
    ý   ߿ ̶   ִ.  
    ϹǷ  ̶   ִ.  
  /etc/services    񽺰  ( TCP
  ΰ? UDP ΰ? )ΰ ׸  Ʈ ϴ° ؼ  
   .      𸣴 Ⱦ ٶ.
    inetd.conf   캸 ׳ in.telnetd
  Ű  ƴ϶ /usr/sbin/tcpd Ϳ ؼ ȣǾ(Wrap)
  ȴ. ̷ tcpd θ Ϳ  Ǵ 񽺵 
   ͸ .     Ȳϰ Ǿ
  Ƿ ϱ ٶ.  ϴ tcpd ؼ  ȣƮ 
     ִ ˾ƺ.  ǵ ڵ  ȣƮ
   źغ.  ũŷ  ϴ б  ̿ 
   ϴ ͵  ̴.    2̴.
  /etc/hosts.allow  /etc/hosts.deny  ڴ ϴ Ʈ, ڴ
  źϴ Ʈ ȴ. Ģ /etc/hosts.deny ִ ȣƮ
   ȴ.  /etc/hosts.allow  Ʈ ڿ ź
  ȣƮ Ͽ   ȴ.  /etc/hosts.allow 
  ۼؾ Ѵ.     캸 ٶ.    
  ϳ ˾ƺڴ.

        Ʈ: ȣƮ Ʈ
       ALL: ALL EXCEPT terminalserver.foobar.edu
       in.talkd: ALL
       in.ntalkd: ALL
       in.fingerd: ALL
       in.ftpd: LOCAL, .my.domain
       ALL EXCEPT in.fingerd: other.host.name

  ݷ(:)տ   Ʈ ְ ڿ ȣƮ
  ش.     ALL, EXCEPT, LOCAL  Ư Ī
  µ    ã  ִ ǹ̿ ٰ 
  ȴ. ALL EXCEPT  Ʈ ȣƮ Ʈ ڿ   ִ.
    Ǵ Ʈ 켱 hosts.deny Ͽ ALL:
  ALL̶ ش. ̷ ϸ  ȣƮ Ͽ  񽺵 ϴ
  س´.  ׸ hosts.allow ϳ ָ ȴ.  ڼ
      ȴ.

       $ man 5 hosts_access

  8.  ġ(Apache) HTTP  ġ 

  ܼ Ŭ̾Ʈ ! ͳƮ α þ ص ׸
  Ʈũ ӵ    ڵ  (?)
   ؿ ӹ ִ.  PC    ׸ 
  ӵ Ʈũ ִٸ    ӽ  ̻
  Ŭ̾Ʈ ӽ ƴϴ.  񽺸    ƴ϶
  Ʈũ ӵ 𵩼ӵ  ŵ  ? SLIP̳ PPP
   IP Ҵ޾  غ    ̴. 
   ۵ϴ   ӽ ģ ʴغ ͵
  .    ٿ ϸ    Ǵ 
   ܿ ġ ̸ 츮󿡼 NCSA  
  Ѵٰ Ѵ.     ãƺ 츮󿡼 NCSA 
   Ǵ  ѱȭ  ִٴ   ִ. NCSA
   ׸ ϸ鼭 (ġ  ̸ NCSA 1.3  A
  PAtCHy ̶ κ  ̶ Ѵ),   
  ǰ     Ǵ ġ  
  ѱ  ´ٸ   ġ   
  Ǹ    ´.  ڰ   ְ  
   ִ  ý ̱   ġ 
  ġ/   Ȯ(User Authentification)  
  Ѵ. ġ  κ  NCSA κ  ̱
   NCSA  ε  ġ  Ư  Ǵ
  Ȯ  ϹǷ NCSA ã    κ ָϰ
  ʹ.  ٸ ü迡 ġ, ϴ ̳    Ѵٸ
     ִ  ڷ  ãƺ ٶ.

  8.1.  غ

    ġ 1.1.1 ̻ ҽ

    ڽſ ʿ ,  ,  ͺ̽ Ʈ׷
     95  mod_auth_pg95.c 

     ӽ  

    IP ּ; DNS  Ǿ ִٸ  ׷ ʾƵ  
     ϴ.

  8.2.  ġ

  1) ġ  ҽ Ǯ  ġ ҽ /usr/local/etc ϰ
   Ǭ.

       /usr/local/etc# tar xvzf apache_1.1.1.tar.gz

  apache_1.1.1̶ 丮  ġ  õ  
  Ǯ ´. Ϲ ġ   httpd 丮 Ʒ
  ġǹǷ ũ ְų httpd  ̸ ٲٵ .

       /usr/local/etc# mv apache_1.1.1 httpd

  Ǵ

       /usr/local/etc# ln -s apache_1.1.1 httpd

  2) 丮   Ǯٸ      ִ.

       -rw-r--r--     1 129   kmem  3738 Mar 13  1996 CHANGES
       -rw-r--r--     1 129   kmem   2604 Feb 22  1996 LICENSE
       -rw-r--r--     1 129   kmem   3059 Jul  3 15:24 README
       drwxr-xr-x     2 129  kmem   1024 Jul  9 04:04 cgi-bin/
       drwxr-xr-x     2 129   kmem  1024 Jul  9 04:04 conf/
       drwxr-xr-x     2 129   kmem  1024 Jul  9 04:04 htdocs/
       drwxr-xr-x     2 129  kmem   2048 Jul  9 04:04 icons/
       drwxr-xr-x     2 129  kmem   1024 Jul  9 04:04 logs/
       drwxr-xr-x     2 129  kmem   2048 Jul 10 00:02 src/
       drwxr-xr-x     2 129  kmem   1024 Jul  9 04:05 support/

  丮   丮 
  cgi-bin      CGI ũƮ 
  conf         ġ   ȯ ʱⰪ 
  htdocs       Ϲ  Ȩ 丮
  icons        ġ  ü ϴ 
  logs              
  src          ġ ҽ
  support       ȿ õ α׷ ִ.

  8.3.    src/Configuration  

   Configuration.tmpl  Configuration Ѵ.

       /usr/local/etc/httpd/src# cp Configuration.tmpl Configuration

  ͷ Configuration ҷ鿩   .

    Ϸ  gcc Ǿ  ̴.   󿡼 
      C Ϸ ⺻ ϰ ִ.

    CFLAGS  Ϸ ɼ   õ ɼǵ鵵 ̰ 
     ִ´.

       CFLAGS= -O2
       LFLAGS=
       EXTRA_LIBS=

    츮  ġ ϹǷ  شϴ κ #ǥø
     ֵ  Ѵ.

       AUX_CFLAGS= -DLINUX

     

  Configuration Ͽ ִ   Ȱȭǵ  ʵ 
   src 丮 ҽ ԵǾ ִ.  ο  
    Ʈ׷95  mod_auth_pg95 ϱ ؼ
  ش ҽ src 丮 ԽŰ ConfigurationϿ ԽѾ
  Ѵ.    ̸    밭     ڼ
  ˰ Ѵٸ       ̴.  ⺻
  ǰ Ȱȭ   .

  mime_module
  access_module
  auth_module
  negotiation_module
  includes_module
  dir_module
  cgi_module
  userdir_module
  alias_module
  env_module
  common_log_module

  ⺻ ǳ ڰ  ȰȭѾ ϴ ͵
   .

       asis_module
       imap_module
       action_module
       agent_log_module
       referer_log_module
       config_log_module
       cern_meta_module
       status_module
       info_module
       anon_auth_module
       db_auth_module
       dbm_auth_module
       msql_auth_module
       digest_module
       dld_module
       cookies_module
       proxy_module

  8.4.  

  ⼳    ϰ, ./Configure Ų 
   Ѵ.

       /usr/local/etc/httpd/src# ./Configure
       Using 'Configuration' as config file
       /usr/local/etc/httpd/src# make

  8.5.   ȯ 

    ϷǾ src 丮 httpd Ǿ
  ̴.    ȯ  . conf 丮 4
  ȯ  ִ.   *.conf-dist  *.conf ϰ 
  纻   ȯ漳 .

  /usr/local/etc/httpd/conf# cp access.conf-dist access.conf
  /usr/local/etc/httpd/conf# cp httpd.conf-dist httpd.conf
  /usr/local/etc/httpd/conf# cp srm.conf-dist srm.conf

     access.conf 
        Directory  丮  Ȩ丮 Ѵ.

        <Directory /usr/local/etc/httpd/htdocs>

     Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

      ɼ  .

     None :  ɼǵ ̿  .
     All : MultiViews ɼ ̿  ִ.
     Indexes : URL  丮 (index.html )  
                丮   ִ ɼ.
     Includes :  ߰    ְ Ѵ.
     FollowSymLinks : 丮 ɺ ũ  ϰ Ѵ.
     ExecCGI : CGI ũƮ   ְ Ѵ.
     MultiViews : All ɼ Ǿ    multiviews Ѵ.

     # This controls which options the .htaccess files in directories can
     # override. Can also be "All", or any combination of "Options", "FileInfo",
     # "AuthConfig", and "Limit"
     AllowOverride None

     .htaccess   丮   ϱ 
      丮 .htaccess   ü ۿϴ
     access.conf 켱 .  .htaccessϿ  Over
     ride  ɼ̴.

     None : .htaccess    Ѵ.
     All :    ϰ Ѵ.
     Options :  丮  Ʈϴ   Ѵ.
     FileInfo :  Ʈϴ   Ѵ.
     AuthConfig :     Ѵ.    Ѵ.
     Limit : ȣƮ  Ʈϴ  Ѵ.

     # Controls who can get stuff from this server.
     order allow,deny
     allow from all

     </Directory>

     order :  ׼ Ʈ ϴ  Ÿ. allow 
             ϰ, deny ϶ ̴.
     allow from : Ǵ ּҵ鿡  ׼ Ʈ ϰ Ѵ. 
                   ּҴ  , ȣƮ ̸ ּ, ȣƮ ip ּ,
                  ipּ պκ 3Ʈ,  ּҿ شϴ all ִ.
     deny from : allow from ݴǴ ̸   ּҴ allow from
                  .
     require : , ׷쿡     ִ.
       : require entity en1 en2 ... enn
                 entity   ִ  user, group, valid-user  ̴.
     user :  ڵ鿡Ը  ϴ   ڿ 
             AuthUserFile  Ͽ ִ.
     group :  ׷쿡Ը  ϴ   ׷쿡  
             AuthGroupFile  Ͽ ִ.
     valid-user : AuthUserFile ִ  ڿ   Ѵ.

     # /usr/local/etc/httpd/cgi-bin should be changed to whatever your
     # ScriptAliased CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
     cgi-bin丮  Options Ѵ. ɼ htdocs  ɼǰ .

     <Directory /usr/local/etc/httpd/cgi-bin>
     AllowOverride None
     Options None
     </Directory>

      ° http://servename/status URL ϸ  
     ְ ִ ɼ̴. 'allow from   '  
      ϴ.

     #</Location /status>
     #SetHandler server-status
     #order deny,allow
     #deny from all
     #allow from .nowhere.com
     #</Location>

            ߰ ۼ  ִ.

     httpd.conf

        # ServerType is either inetd, or standalone.
        ServerType standalone
         Ÿ ϴ  standalone httpd  μ 
        û óϴ ̰ inetd inetd  μ óϰ ϴ ̴.
        standalone  ȿ ̴.

        Port 80
        ýۿ  ̸ httpd   Ʈ ȣ 80̴. 0 1023
         Ʈȣ ýۿ  ̸ Ǿ ִ.  ̻ Ʈȣ
        Ͽ Ϲݻڵ httpd ġ,  ϴ. http://aaa.bbb.ccc:8080/
           ִ.

        HostnameLookups on
            ̳ ipּ (on) Ǵ ipּҸ(off)
        ϰ   ϴ ̴.

        # If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
        # httpd as root initially and it will switch.
        # User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
        #  On SCO (ODT 3) use User nouser and Group nogroup User nobody
        Group #-1
        ServerType standalone  Ǵ    û ؼ
        ϴ child httpd μ  user id, group id ̴. Ϲ
        ýۿ  ʴ ͵ ϴ  ٶϴ.  3.1
         /etc/group nogroup -2 Ǿ ִ.

        # ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
        # e-mailed.
        ServerAdmin you@your.address
          e-mail ּҸ Ѵ.

        # ServerRoot: The directory the server's config, error, and log files
        # are kept in
        ServerRoot /usr/local/etc/httpd
         Root 丮 Ѵ.

        # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. If this does not start
        # with /, ServerRoot is prepended to it.
        ErrorLog logs/error_log
         ߻ϴ  ϴ α  Ѵ.

        # TransferLog: The location of the transfer log file. If this does not
        # start with /, ServerRoot is prepended to it.
        TransferLog logs/access_log
          ڵ   ϴ α Ѵ.

        # PidFile: The file the server should log its pid to
        PidFile logs/httpd.pid
        httpd  μ μ id ϰ ִ  Ѵ.

        # ScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information
        ScoreBoardFile logs/apache_status
         μ   ִ  Ѵ.

        # ServerName allows you to set a host name which is sent back to clients
        # for your server if it's different than the one the program would get (i.e.
        # use "www" instead of the host's real name).
        #
        # Note: You cannot just invent host names and hope they work. The
        # name you define here must be a valid DNS name for your host. If you
        # don't understand this, ask your network administrator.
        #ServerName new.host.name
           Ѵ. ڽ     ʾҴٸ
        д. ٸ Ȱȭ ְ   Ѵ.

        # Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out
        #  n.b. the compiled default is 1200 (20 minutes !)
        Timeout 400
        Ŭ̾Ʈ    ҿǴ ð ִ  Ѵ.
        Ʈũ    ġ ø  .

        # KeepAlive: The number of Keep-Alive persistent requests to accept
        # per connection. Set to 0 to deactivate Keep-Alive support
        KeepAlive 5
        ӵ ä Ư û    ų ġ Ѵ.

        # KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request
        KeepAliveTimeout 15
        KeepAlive Ǿ   û ٸ ġ   Ѵ.

        # Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess how many
        # server processes you need, ġ dynamically adapts to the load it
        # sees --- that is, it tries to maintain enough server processes to
        # handle the current load, plus a few spare servers to handle transient
        # load spikes (e.g., multiple simultaneous requests from a single
        # Netscape browser).
        # It does this by periodically checking how many servers are waiting
        # for a request. If there are fewer than MinSpareServers, it creates
        # a new spare. If there are more than MaxSpareServers, some of the
        # spares die off. These values are probably OK for most sites ---
        MinSpareServers 5
        MaxSpareServers 10
        httpd μ child μ  MinSpare Servers  
        ο μ ϰ MaxSpare Servers   μ
        ̴(kill)  Ѵ.

        # Number of servers to start --- should be a reasonable ballpark figure.
        StartServers 5
        httpd  ó ų   μ ų ġ Ѵ.

        # Limit on total number of servers running, i.e., limit on the number
        # of clients who can simultaneously connect --- if this limit is ever
        # reached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it should NOT BE SET TOO
        LOW.
        # It is intended mainly as a brake to keep a runaway server from taking
        # Unix with it as it spirals down...
        MaxClients 150
        ѹ   Ŭ̾Ʈ ġ Ѵ.

        # MaxRequestsPerChild: the number of requests each child process is
        # allowed to process before the child dies.
        # The child will exit so as to avoid problems after prolonged use when
        # ġ (and maybe the libraries it uses) leak. On most systems, this
        # isn't really needed, but a few (such as Solaris) do have notable leaks
        # in the libraries.
        MaxRequestsPerChild 30
        child μ  ġ Ѵ. Ƹ    ϴ.

        # Proxy Server directives. Uncomment the following line to
        # enable the proxy server:
        #ProxyRequests On
        ġ    ɵ ϴµ on Ȱȭ ָ ȴ.

        # To enable the cache as well, edit and uncomment the following lines:
        #CacheRoot /usr/local/etc/httpd/proxy
        #CacheSize 5
        #CacheGcInterval 4
        #CacheMaxExpire 24
        #CacheLastModifiedFactor 0.1
        #CacheDefaultExpire 1
        #NoCache adomain.com anotherdomain.edu joes.garage.com
            ʿ ̴.
        Virtual ȣƮ õ κ mini FAQ Virtual-Web о ٶ.

     srm.conf

        # DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
        # documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
        # symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
        DocumentRoot /usr/local/etc/httpd/htdocs
        # UserDir: The name of the directory which is appended onto a user's
        # home directory if a ~user request is recieved.
        UserDir public_html
        ý ϴ Ϲ ڵ   Ȩ 丮 Ѵ.
        $HOME/public_html 丮  Ȩ   ִ.
        丮  ڰ   ִ.

        # DirectoryIndex: Name of the file or files to use as a pre-written HTML
        # directory index. Separate multiple entries with spaces.
        DirectoryIndex index.html
        Ư   ʰ 丮   ҷ  Ѵ.

        # FancyIndexing is whether you want fancy directory indexing or
        # standard
        FancyIndexing on
        丮        Ѵ.

        # AddIcon tells the server which icon to show for different files or
        # filename extensions
        AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip
        AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/*
        ....(߷)
        AddIcon /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^
        AddIcon /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^
          ̴.

        # DefaultIcon is which icon to show for files which do not have an icon
        # explicitly set.
        DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gif
         Ͽ       Ѵ.

        # AddDescription allows you to place a short description after a file in
        # server-generated indexes.
        # Format: AddDescription "description" filename
        # ReadmeName is the name of the README file the server will look for
        # by default. Format: ReadmeName name
        #
        # The server will first look for name.html, include it if found, and it will
        # then look for name and include it as plaintext if found.
        #
        # HeaderName is the name of a file which should be prepended to
        # directory indexes.
        ReadmeName README
        HeaderName HEADER
        丮      κ ڿ    
          ִ  Ѵ. ⼭  ڿ README, 
        ó HEADER ְ Ǿ ִ.

        # IndexIgnore is a set of filenames which directory indexing should ignore
        # Format: IndexIgnore name1 name2...
        IndexIgnore */.??* *~ *# */HEADER* */README* */RCS
        丮    ϵ Ѵ.

        # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory
        # for access control information.
        AccessFileName .htaccess
         丮     Ѵ.

        # DefaultType is the default MIME type for documents which the server
        # cannot find the type of from filename extensions.
        DefaultType text/plain
         û  Ͽ  ൿ     ϴ 
          ǥ  Ѵ.

        # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers (Mosaic/X 2.1+)
        # uncompress information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
        AddEncoding x-compress Z
        AddEncoding x-gzip gz
         ڵ忡  ڵ Ѵ.

        # Redirect allows you to tell clients about documents which used to exist
        # in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. This allows you to tell
        # theclients where to look for the relocated document.
        # Format: Redirect fakename url
         ڷ url   Redirect Ѵ.

        # Aliases: Add here as many aliases as you need (with no limit). The for
        # mat is Alias fakename realname
        #Alias /icons/ /usr/local/etc/httpd/icons/
        ϸ̳ 丮 alias   ִ. Ȱȭ ش.

        # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.
        # Format: ScriptAlias fakename realname
        #ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/local/etc/httpd/cgi-bin/
         ϴ cgi  丮 Ѵ.  丮 ϵ
          cgiũƮ νĵȴ. Ȱȭ ش.
        AddType ext شϴ Ȯڸ   mime.types  mime
        type·  ϴ ̴.
         : AddType type/subtype ext1
        AddHandler ext شϴ Ȯڿ  ൿ  ϴ 
        , Ϲ Ȯڸ  ϵ鿡  Ǹ Ѵ.
         : AddHandler action-name ext1

        # To use CGI scripts:
        #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
          ġ ִ .cgi Ȯڸ   cgi-script νϰ
        Ѵ.
        .pl, .sh  ٸ Ȯڵ ߰  ִ.

        # To use server-parsed HTML files
        #AddType text/html .shtml
        #AddHandler server-parsed .shtml
        Server Side Includes (SSI)   ʿϴ. SSI HTML ӿ 
          α׷  Ư    ְ Ѵ.

        # Uncomment the following line to enable ġ's send-asis HTTP file
        # feature
        #AddHandler send-as-is asis
        mime type sttpd/send-as-is  ̴.

        # If you wish to use server-parsed imagemap files, use
        #AddHandler imap-file map
        mime type application/x-httpd-imap  ̴.

         media type  ش ũƮ  ϰ   ִ.
         : Action media/type /cgi-script/location
         : Action handler-name /cgi-script/location
        ) Action text/html /cgi-bin/footer
        CERN HTTP  meta information emulate ش. ڼ 
        CERN HTTP  о ٶ.

        # MetaDir: specifies the name of the directory in which ġ can find
        # meta information files. These files contain additional HTTP headers
        # to include when sending the document

        #MetaDir .web

        # MetaSuffix: specifies the file name suffix for the file containing the
        # meta information.

        #MetaSuffix .meta

        # Customizable error response (ġ style)
        # these come in three flavors
        #        ֽϴ.
        #   ڵ忡   cgi Ϲ ؽƮ  ڿ
          ִ.   ϸ ش URL ٴ  ѱ۸޽
         ͵ ̰ ̿ϴ ̴.
        #    1) plain text
        #ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo.
        #  n.b.  the (") marks it as text, it does not get output
        #
        #    2) local redirects
        #ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
        #  to redirect to local url /missing.html
        #ErrorDocument 404 /cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl
        #  n.b. can redirect to a script or a document using server-side-includes.
        #
        #    3) external redirects
        #ErrorDocument 402 http://other.server.com/subscription_info.html
        #

     mime.types

        mime.types   ϵǴ  ϸ MIME ϴ
        Ϳ  Ѵ.
        type/subtype ext1 ext2 ext3 ... Ǹ ext1  ϸ ش Ȯڸ
          Ŭ̾Ʈ ޵Ǵ Ȯ̴.
        ) video/mpeg                      mpeg mpg mpe

  8.6.   

    ȯ漳 , ġ  Ѻ.  Ʈ
  

  /usr/local/etc/httpd/src/httpd -f /usr/local/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

   ص Ǹ /etc/ rc.d/rc.local    ϸ 
   ڵ ġ  ۵Ѵ.

    ɼ  .

  -d serverroot  httpd.conf  ServerRoot    
                 ְ Ѵ. Ʈ /usr/local/etc/httpd ̴.

  -f config     ȯ漳  ؼ ϰ Ѵ.  config
                /     ServerRoot  н νѴ.
                Ʈ conf/httpd.conf ̴.

  -X             ׽Ʈ  ̱ μ  Ų.
                  Ƶ μ fork ʴ´.  񽺸 Ϸ
                 带  .

  -v            httpd  Ʈϰ  ģ.

  -?            httpd ɼ Ʈϰ  ģ.

  8.7.   (User Authentication)

  ڰ  Ϸ   ڸ Ȯϴ  Ѵ. ̰
   ̵ н带 Ȯν ϴ.   
  ؼ  ȯ溯  ־ Ѵ.  conf/access.confϿ
  ϸ   丮  ϰ  丮
  conf/srm.conf Access FileName   ̸(
  .htaccess) ϸ   Ѵ. conf/access.conf 
  丮 κп AllowOverride AuthConfig ָ Ʒ
  ȯ溯   ִ. access.conf  ϱ ٶ.

     AuthType Basic
        ϴ   Ѵ.  Basic Ǿ ִ.

     AuthName somedomain
          Ȯϴ Ȯó ̸ .  ̸
          ִ.

     AuthUserFile /web/users
          ͸   Ѵ.
        support丮    ȿ õ α׷ ҽ
        · Ѵ. ̰ make ־ ϰ  
         ϵ  htpasswd  Ǹ   ڸ
        ϽŰ  Ѵ. /web/  丮
        ../support/htpasswd -c users username  ָ ڰ
        Ǹ ο   -c ɼ   ָ ȴ.
          ش Ͽ   κ ָ
        ȴ.

     AuthGroupFile /web/groups
         ׷ ͸ Ѵ.     ָ
        ȴ.

           )  group1: user1 user2 user3
                group2: user2 user5 user6

   /usr/local/etc/httpd/htdocs 丮  
  AuthUserFile  ڿ ؼ  ϵ  ģ
  access.conf ̴.

  <Directory /usr/local/etc/httpd/htdocs>
  Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
  AllowOverride AuthConfig
  order allow,deny
  allow from all
  AuthType Basic
  AuthName liberty
  AuthUserFile /usr/local/etc/httpd/conf/users
  AuthGroupFile /usr/local/etc/httpd/conf/group
  require valid-user
  </Directory>

  8.8.    ý ǥؿ 

  ¥ ִ ġ 1.0  ġϸ ġ   ϰ
  cgi-bin, conf, htdocs, icons, logs  丮 
  /var/lib/httpd 丮 Ʒ    ִ.   ý
  ǥؿ ý  ߿ ŵǴ ڷ鿡 ؼ /usr Ƽ
  Ʒ δ   ʴ´. Ư htdocs, logs  ϰ
  ȭϴ 丮̹Ƿ /var ġϰ ־ Ѵ.  ġ
   ġߴٸ 켱 pkgtool   Ѵ. ׸
  /usr/local/etc/httpd ִ ͵  /var/lib/httpd ű 
  /usr/local/etc/httpd  /var/lib/httpd  ũ δ
   .   ý ǥؿ ؼ  𸣴  ׳ Ѿ
  .

  8.9.  ġ

     Ǵ ġ   Ұ  ϳ ٴ
      ʰ ִٴ Ϳ Ÿ  
  ̳ ġ  غ     . 
  SSL(Secure Socket Layer)  ġ     
  ۼ ̴.

