  NFS-Root Mini-Howto

  Andreas Kostyrka, andreas@ag.or.at
  V8, 8 August 1997
  : ö, mailto:jungsoonchul@yahoo.com
  1999 11 29

   ̴Ͽ NFS Ͽ Ʈ Ͻý Ʈϴ ``ũ
  ''  ̼ ġ  ؼ Ѵ.  ftp://sun
  site.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/mini/NFS-Root Ǵ Ʈ ̷
   ̴Ͽ ֽ    ִ.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  1. Ǳ
     1.1  

  2. ü 
  3.  
     3.1 Ŀ 
     3.2 Ʈ  ý ۼ
        3.2.1  ý 
        3.2.2 Ʈ  ýۿ ȭ
        3.2.3 Ͻý ͽƮϱ
        3.2.4 RARP 
        3.2.5 BOOTP 
        3.2.6 ϵ ּ ˾ 

  4. ̼ ϱ
     4.1 Ʈ ̿
     4.2 ο Ŀ ũ ̿
     4.3 bootloader RARP ̿
     4.4 (EMRARP bootloader̿

  5. ˷ 
     5.1 /sbin/init  ʴ´.
     5.2 /dev 

  6. ٸ 

  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  Ǳ

  (c) 1996 Andreas Kostyrka (e9207884@student.tuwien.ac.at or
  andreas@ag.or.at)

    ٸ,  HOWTO  Ǳ ڿ ִ. 
  HOWTO  Ǳ ǥð 纻 Ǵ ,  üε ü
  Ǵ κ ǰų   ִ.  
  ǰ ȴ. ׷ ڿ ׷   ˸  
  ̴.

  , Ļ ۾,  HOWTO   ۾ δ  Ǳ
  ǥþƷ ȣȴ. ,  HOWTO  Ļ ۾
  ϸ鼭,   ָ  ȴ. ̵ Ģ  ܴ
  Ư Ͽ  ȴ. Ʒ ּ  HOWTO ڿ
  Ͻʽÿ.

   ؼ, 츮    ä   ۶߸ ʹ.
  ׷, 츮  HOWTO  Ǳ ϰ   
  ȹ ް  ̴.

  ǹ  ִٸ    Andreas Kostyrka
  <mailto:andreas@ag.or.at> Ǵ  HOWTO  Tim Bynum
  <mailto:linux-howto@sunsite.unc.edu> ̸Ϸ ֽʽÿ.

  1.1.   

  o  Avery Pennarun <apenwarr@foxnet.net> (LILO ϴ )

  o   Ofer Maor <ofer@hadar.co.il> (ũ  ̼ ġ 
       ̴ Ͽ )

  o  Christian Leutloff <leutloff@sundancer.tng.oche.de> (netboot 
      )

  2.  ü 

  Ϲ ؼ, ũ  ̼ǿ   
   ִ:

  o  װ ڽ IPּҸ ˾Ƴ Ѵ. ʿϴٸ  ̴ 
     .

  o  װ NFS Ʈ  ý  Ʈ θ ˾ 
     Ѵ.

   Ŀ(1.3.7x) NFSROOT   ``ذå''
  Ѵ:

  o  IPּҴ RARP ؼ ߰ߵ  ִ. Ǵ ̴   ΰ
     LILO Ǵ LOADLIN Ŀ ڸ ؼ Ŀο ޵  ִ.

  o  Ŀ ڸ  NFSΰ ޵  ִ. ޵ ʴ´ٸ Ŀ
     RARP  NFS ϰ ̹ ǵ ⺻ NFSη
     Ѵ.  (⺻: /tftpboot/<IP-address of the machine>)

  o  Ŭ̾Ʈ   BOOTP ؼ ˾   ִ.

  ũ  ȯ ϱ , LILO LOADLIN   
  ؾ Ѵ. ׷ ϴ   Ű ӵ .
  LILO     õȴ.    ̴.

  3.   

  3.1.  Ŀ 

   Ŀο RARP ִ   ̴. Ŀ ھ
  Ϸ   ݵ ʿϴ.  Ŭ̾Ʈ  ٸ
  ݿ ִٸ     Ѵ.

  ̼ Ŀ ּ  ǵ Ѿ Ѵ:

  o  NFS ý - Ǿ ־ Ѵ (:  ϸ 
     ȴ). (ext2 ׷ ʿ  ̸ ϴ.)

  o  ``Root on NFS'' ؾ Ѵ.

  o  ̼ Ʈũ ī ̴ ̹ - Ǿ
     ־ Ѵ.

  o  NFS-Root , ʿ信  RARP Ǵ BOOTP ϰ ؾ
     Ѵ. (make config  ɼ NFS   ´.)

  ̼ Ŀ ھ õǷ Ʈ ġ 0:255 
  ʿ䰡 ִ. mknod /dev/nfsroot b 0 255 ν  ġ 
  , rdev <kernel-image> /dev/nfsroot Ÿν Ŀ ̹
  Ʈ ġ   ִ.

  3.2.  Ʈ  ý ۼ

  3.2.1.   ý 

   : ̵ ɾ  ۵Ѵ ϴ,  ȯ(production
  enviroment)    ƴϴ.  Ŭ̾Ʈ Ʈ
  Ͻý ϱ     Ofer Maor
  <ofer@hadar.co.il> NFS-Root-Client ̴ Ͽ   ִ.

  Ʈ Ʈ ġ  ,  , mkdir -p <directory> tar
  cClf / - | tar xpCf <directory> - ν Ʈ .

  LILO Ŀ Ϸ Ʈ 丮 /tftpboot/<IP-address>
  Ǿ Ѵ. ⺻   ٸ Ŀ ҽ Makefile NFS_ROOT
  = -DNFS_ROOT="\"/tftpboot/%s\""κ ã   ġ ٽ
   ϸ ȴ.

  3.2.2.  Ʈ  ýۿ ȭ

   ʿ ϵ , /etc/rc.d ũƮ ˻Ѵ.

  o  eth0 . ̼ ּ κζ eth0  
     ã´. ̼ IPּҸ  IPּҷ ϴ  
      ƴϴ(ʱ⿡ Ͼ ,  Ǽ  ϳ̴).

  o  ̼ /etc/fstab. NFS Ͻýۿ   ʿϴ.

  o  :  Ʈ Ͻý۰ ̼ Ʈ Ͻý
     ȥ .

  3.2.3.  Ͻý ͽƮϱ

  ̼  Ʈ 丮 ͽƮѴ. exports(5) ϶.
   ۾ nfsd/mountd ؾ Ѵ. RedHat 
  /etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs stop ; /etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs start ϸ 
   ִ.

  3.2.4.  RARP 

  Ʈ 򰡿 RARP ġ϶. nfsroot μ Ϸ Ѵٸ,
  RARP  NFS Ѵ.  RARP NFS ҵ
  ô´. RARP ġϷ Ŀ RARP ϵ Ǿ Ѵ.

  ׸ ,  Ų(׸  /etc/rc.d 򰡿 
  ɹ ġؾ Ѵ!):

  /sbin/rarp -s <ip-addr> <hardware-addr>

  ⿡

     ip-addr
         ̼ IPּ̰

     hardware-addr
         ̼ Ʈũ ī ̴ ̴ּ.

  : /sbin/rarp -s 131.131.90.200 00:00:c0:47:10:12

   ̸ IPּҸ ã  ִٸ(/etc/hosts DNS ̿ؼ),
  IPּҴſ ̸   ִ.

  3.2.5.  BOOTP 

  BOOTP  ؼ /etc/bootptab ؾ Ѵ.  bootpd(8)
  bootptab(5)   ϶.

  3.2.6.  ϵ ּ ˾ 

  ڴ ϵ ּ(: ̼ ī ̴ ּ)
  𸥴.  ˾   ?

  o    Ŀ ũ ϶. ׸ Ʈũ ī尡 νĵǴ
      캻.    ī ̴ ּ 6Ʈ¥
     16 ϰ ִ.

  o  TCP/IP  OS Ѵ.  ̼ (ping)Ѵ.
     ׸  /sbin/arp -a ARPĳø  .

  4.  ̼ ϱ

  4.1.  Ʈ ̿

  ڴ  ׷         
   ˷   ִ (Christian Leutloff
  <leutloff@sundancer.tng.oche.de> ȣ):

  o   ``'' Ʈ   .

  o    ƮҰ  ϴ, Gero Kuhlmann
     netbootٷ̰ ִ. netboot  ̷ Ǵ 
     ٷ(netboot-0.4)ȿ ִ.

  o  Ʈҿ    д´.

  o  Ʈ Ŀ εϴ Ŀ   tftpd  ϴ
     쵵 ִ.

  o    prom burner ϱ  , 
     õ Ʈ Ǹžڵ鿡    ȯ!.  ڴ 
      ⿡  ̴.

  4.2.  ο Ŀ ũ ̿

  NFS  RARP̰ ( ̼  ݿ ־
   ϽѴ.) Ʈ Ͻý ٸ ͽƮϿٸ 
  Ŀ ũ catν  ũ   ִ(Ŀ Ʈ
  ġ 0:255 ؾ Ѵ).   (̼) Ʈ
  丮 /tftpboot/IP-Address̾ Ѵ(  Ŀ ϶ ٲ
   ִ).

  4.3.  bootloader RARP  ̿

  Ŀ μ nfsroot=<server-ip-addr>:</path/to/mount> ߰Ѵ.
  server-ip-addr NFS ּ̰ server-ip-addr Ʈ 丮
  ̴.

  :

  o  LILO ̿  ``lock'' ̿ : ùٸ μ Է
      ``lock'' ߰Ѵ.  öʹ μ ٽ Է ʿ䰡
     .

  o  ̼ Ư  ũ 鶧, lilo.conf append=
     ̿  ִ.

  4.4.  RARP  bootloader̿

  Ҷ, nfsroot Ͽ nfsaddrs=<wst-IP>:<srv-IP>:<gw-IP>:<netm-
  IP>:<hostname> Ŀ μ ԷѴ. Ŀ ־ μ eth0
   ̴:

     wst-IP
         IPּ

     srv-IP
        NFS IPּ

     gw-IP
        Ʈ

     netm-IP
        ݸŽũ

     hostname
         ̸

  5.  ˷ 

  5.1.  /sbin/init  ʴ´.

  /sbin/init   ,  ǵ  ũ
  /sbin/init ϱ  Ͼ. װ  /lib 
  ùٸ ٲپ Ѵ. Ѱ    ִ õ, Ŭ̾Ʈ
  /sbin/init  ũ ``Hello World'' α׷ ġϴ
  ̴.        ٺ  ƴϸ 
   ŷ    ִ.

  5.2.  /dev 

  Ҷ tty  ̻ ޽ ٸ,  Ŭ̾Ʈκ
  /dev 丮 MAKEDEV Ѿ Ѵ. 64Ʈ ġ ȣ 
     ذå Ѵٴ ҹ ִ.  ׷ٸ
   Ű  OS Ͽ ڿ  ⸦ ٶ.
  Ѱ  ذå Ź ʱ Ʈܰ迡  /dev  ũ
   ġ  ٽ ġϴ ̴.

  6.  ٸ 

  o  BOOTP Ŭ̾Ʈ:
     ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/system/Network/admin/bootpc.v045.tgz.

     ( 2.0 Ե) initrd ũ ǻͿ  
     ۵ϵ  .  initrd ׻   Ŀ͸
       Ϻ ɼ̴.

  o   2.0 RARPſ BOOTP   ֱ  ( 
     Ȯ,  Ŀο      ְ,     
     ̱),  bootpd Ʈ ʿ.
  o  Ŀ ҽ  丮 NFS-Rootýۿ    ִ.

  o  NFS   ϴ ġ  ִ. ڵ װ
     ޾Ҵµ,  Ҿ ȴ. :(

     Ƹ http://www.linuxhq.com/  ġ װ  
      ̴.

  o   PGPŰ andreas@ag.or.at ΰν   ִ.
      ΰƮ(fingerprint): F1 F7 43 D5 07 C4 6C 87  BF 6B 33
     A2 2C EE 5A F9.

