  Linux-admin mailing-list FAQ
  Fyodor Yarochkin, <fygrave@usa.net>  Linux-admin ϸ
  Ʈ ڵ
  v0.12, 1998 11 17
  :   <cessi@kldp.linux-kr.org>, SGML :  ⼺
  <jurist@sarang.net>
  v0.5, 1998 11 17

   :   linux-admin ϸ Ʈ FAQԴϴ.   а
  ô    ֽ    ƴմϴٸ 켱 
  ·ε     ԵǾ ֽϴ.   
  ø  ð ϴ  ֽ  Ͽ ٲ κ ݿ
   ֵ ϰڽϴ.   ߸ ̳ ĥ  
  ź  ֽʽÿ.     ֽ 
  <http://kldp.linux-kr.org>   ֽϴ.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  1. AID CDATA intro(LABEL)LABEL
  2. Ϲ AID CDATA 1.0(LABEL)LABEL
     2.1   ϸ Ʈ ϰ Ż  ֽϱ?AID CDATA 1.1(LABEL)LABEL
     2.2  ϸ Ʈ   Դϱ?AID CDATA 1.2(LABEL)LABEL
     2.3  ڼ     ϳ?AID CDATA 1.3(LABEL)LABEL
     2.4  ϸ Ʈ ޽ 򰡿  ǰ ֳ?AID CDATA 1.4(LABEL)LABEL
     2.5  ĥ  ϳ ޽ ޾ƺ ߽ϴ. ޽   ư ǰ?AID CDATA 1.5(LABEL)LABEL

  3.  ϵ FAQAID CDATA 2.0(LABEL)LABEL
     3.1 64ް ̻ ޸𸮸 νϰ Ϸ  ϳ?AID CDATA 2.1(LABEL)LABEL
     3.2   ̻ ̴ ī带 Ϸ  ϳ?AID CDATA 2.2(LABEL)LABEL
     3.3   GCC "exiting on signal 11" ޽  մϱ?AID CDATA 2.3(LABEL)LABEL
     3.4    ִ WinModem/WinPrinter  Ϸ  ϳ?AID CDATA 2.4(LABEL)LABEL

  4.  Ʈ FAQAID CDATA 3.0(LABEL)LABEL
     4.1 ý ð ߷  ϳ?AID CDATA 3.1(LABEL)LABEL
     4.2 ġ ϴ   ֽʽÿAID CDATA 3.2(LABEL)LABEL
     4.3   ϴ Ű ֽ     ֽϱ?AID CDATA 3.3(LABEL)LABEL
     4.4 (sendmail)  FAQAID CDATA 3.4(LABEL)LABEL
        4.4.1  ̿ ߾ ڿ ȣ 񽺸 Ϸ մϴ. ׷ `mail loops back to me'  ޽ ±.AID CDATA 3.4.1(LABEL)LABEL
        4.4.2 ͳݿ Ǿ   λ󿡼 ϱ      ˴ϱ?
        4.4.3 UUCP  Ǿ ִ ýۿ  Ϸ  ؾ ϳ?AID CDATA 3.4.3(LABEL)LABEL
     4.5 POP3 ڵ鿡 `already being read'   ޽ ϴ.AID CDATA 3.5(LABEL)LABEL
     4.6 Ÿӿ  ϱ ؼ ð    ־ մϱ?AID CDATA 3.6(LABEL)LABEL
     4.7  ýۿ,  ý۵ ϰ ִ ҽ鿡 ϱ ؼ  ϳ?AID CDATA 3.7(LABEL)LABEL
     4.8 `ls'  ĮǮϰ   ؾ մϱ?AID CDATA 3.8(LABEL)LABEL

  5.  ý  FAQAID CDATA 4.0(LABEL)LABEL
     5.1 root  н带 ؾȽϴ.  α  ֽϱ?AID CDATA 4.1(LABEL)LABEL
     5.2 /etc/passwd    ߸Ͽ  ʴ  Ͽϴ.  α  ֽϱ?AID CDATA 4.2(LABEL)LABEL
     5.3 ý  ũƮ & ̴  ؾȽϴ.  ̰ ׶  ȯ  ֳ?AID CDATA 4.3(LABEL)LABEL
     5.4 ̱   ȯϷ  մϱ?AID CDATA 4.4(LABEL)LABEL
     5.5  ý ؼ 95 ý ͳ ϵ ִ IP masquerading   մϱ?AID CDATA 4.5(LABEL)LABEL
     5.6  (ȭ )   IP 巹 Ҵ޾ ϰ ֽϴ.  ؼ   ̻ ǻͰ ͳ ÿ   ֵ Ϸ  ϳ?AID CDATA 4.6(LABEL)LABEL
     5.7  ýۿ ִ ̳ ͸  ý۰ Ϸ  մϱ?AID CDATA 4.7(LABEL)LABEL
     5.8  ýۿ ִ ̳ ͸  ý۰ Ϸ  մϱ?AID CDATA 4.8(LABEL)LABEL
     5.9 Ҷ "Can't find module XXXX-XXX"  ޽  ϴ.  ý  Ű ʴµ  ϸ ?AID CDATA 4.9(LABEL)LABEL
     5.10   ý telnet/FTP  õϸ   ʽϴ.AID CDATA 4.10(LABEL)LABEL
        5.10.1   ý telnet/FTP  õϴµ  ð ʹ  ɸϴ.AID CDATA 4.10.1(LABEL)LABEL
     5.11 root ƴ ٸ ڿ  Ǵ μ ý Ҷ ϰ Ϸ  մϱ?AID CDATA 4.11(LABEL)LABEL
     5.12 Ư ڰ   ý telnet/FTP     ϰ ϰ ͽϴ.AID CDATA 4.12(LABEL)LABEL
     5.13  /95/NT   ֽϴ.       ̺긦   ̸  ä Ʈǰ ϰ ͽϴ.  ϸ ˴ϱ?AID CDATA 4.13(LABEL)LABEL
     5.14 ÿ α  ִ Ƚ Ϸ  ϳ?AID CDATA 4.14(LABEL)LABEL
     5.15   ð(idle time) Ϸ  մϱ?AID CDATA 4.15(LABEL)LABEL
     5.16 "Shadow password" "Shadow suite"  Դϱ?AID CDATA 4.16(LABEL)LABEL

  6.    FAQAID CDATA 5.0(LABEL)LABEL
     6.1 (zombie) μ Դϱ?AID CDATA 5.1(LABEL)LABEL
     6.2 Ŀ  ϰ ߴ "kernel panic - no root device"  ޽ ϴ.  ߸ ǰ?AID CDATA 5.2(LABEL)LABEL

  7.   FAQAID CDATA 6.0(LABEL)LABEL
     7.1  ý  ⺻  Դϱ?AID CDATA 6.1(LABEL)LABEL
     7.2 / н带   մϱ?AID CDATA 6.2(LABEL)LABEL
     7.3   ´ ?   װ  ȿ ϴٰ ϴ......AID CDATA 6.3(LABEL)LABEL
     7.4 Ը Ϸ  ϳ?AID CDATA 6.4(LABEL)LABEL

  8. ׿ FAQAID CDATA 7.0(LABEL)LABEL
     8.1    ū  ũ?AID CDATA 7.1(LABEL)LABEL

  9. ηAID CDATA appendix(LABEL)LABEL
     9.1 ηA ͳ    ƮAID CDATA appendix-A(LABEL)LABEL
     9.2 ηB  FAQ   ִ AID CDATA appendix-B(LABEL)LABEL
     9.3 ηC  AID CDATA appendix-C(LABEL)LABEL
        9.3.1 ηC.1  FAQ 
        9.3.2 ηC.2 FAQ ȣ/̷

  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  

    linux-admin ϸƮ  ŷеǴ  亯鿡
   FAQ(Frequently Asked Questions) Դϴ.    Ʈ
  ֽ    ֽϴ.

  HTML   <http://www.kalug.lug.net/linux-admin-FAQ/>

  ̷ Ʈ

    <http://linux.ibd.net/linux-admin-FAQ/>

    <http://spyjurenet.com/linux/>

    <http://beryte.com/linux/faq/>

    <http://www.miscellaneous.net/linux/>

    <http://www.cybernet.bg/linux/>

   FAQ е /н ؼ ⺻   
  ϰ  ý  õ ׵鵵   ʰ ִٰ
  ϰ ֽϴ.  " ?", "  ġ?" 
   RTFM(Read The *Fine* Manual")̶   亯 
    Դϴ. ׷     <http://www.linux.org>,
  <http://sunsute.unc.edu/LDP> Ȩ Ͻñ ٶϴ.

  2.  Ϲ 

  2.1.    ϸ Ʈ ϰ Ż  ֽϱ?

   ϸ Ʈ vger.rutgers.edu  ִ majordomo 
  ǰ ֽϴ.  ϸ Ʈ /Żϰ 
  majordomo@vger.rutgers.edu  ø ˴ϴ.

  ϸ Ʈ Ͻ÷   ޽  
  .

  subscribe linux-admin your@email.address

  ϸ Ʈ ŻϽ÷   ޽  
  .

  unsubscribe linux-admin your@email.address

   Ƕ   ٿ ϴ.

  2.2.   ϸ Ʈ   Դϱ?

   ϸ Ʈ ٸ linux-kernel, linux-net, linux-x11  ϸ
  Ʈ ణ ġ, ׷ ׵  Ϲ   
  õ ׵ ٷϴ.

  2.3.   ڼ     ϳ?

  ͳݿ  õ  ҽ ãƺ  ֽϴ. ó
  ϱ⿡  Ʈ  ϴ.

    <http://www.linux.org>

    <http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/linux.html>

    <http://www.linux.org/help/>

    <http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/FAQ/Linux-FAQ.html>

    <http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP>

    <http://www.redhat.com>

    Linux IP Masquerade Resource <http://ipmasq.home.ml.org>

  2.4.   ϸ Ʈ ޽ 򰡿  ǰ ֳ?

   ׷ϴ.  <http://www.reference.com>,
  <http://www.linuxhq.com/lnxlists/linux-admin/>   ִµ ٸ
       ̴ϴ.

   ϸ Ʈ ִ ׵  ٷ ִ
  <http://linuxwww.db.erau.edu/mail_archives/> ѹ  ʽÿ.

    õ ϸ Ʈ, ׷ ε
  <http://www.linuxrx.com/Lists/Lists.perl> ãƺ  ֽϴ.
  ̰   ĵǾ ְ  ãƺ  Ǿ
  ֽϴ.   533 ϸƮ  ֽϴ.

  Ǵٸ :  <http://www.findmail.com/list/linux-admin/>

  2.5.   ĥ  ϳ ޽ ޾ƺ ߽ϴ. ޽
    ư ǰ?

       ڵ ϸ Ʈ Ż
  óǾ 찡   ֽϴ.  ͳ Ʈũ ü
   ־  .  ׷ ϸƮ ŻϽ 
  ٽ Ͻø ˴ϴ. ϸ Ʈ ׷  ؼ 
        Դϴ.

    ϸ Ʈ ŻǾ 캸 ؼ
  majordomo@vger.rutgers.edu    ۼϿ  
  .

  which [<address>]

  ( <address>   ش <address>) 
  ϸ Ʈ ߴ ˷ Դϴ.

   ϸ Ʈ   ȵȴٰ ϴ е ִµ ׷
   ϴ   ٽ ϸ ˴ϴ.

  3.   ϵ FAQ

  3.1.  64ް ̻ ޸𸮸 νϰ Ϸ  ϳ?

  Ŀ 64ް ̻ ޸𸮸 νϰ ϱ ؼ ϰ ϴ
   ̹ ̸(label)ڿ mem=XXXM  ߰ ְų Ȥ
  ̷  Ķͷ Ͽ  ǵ ϸ ˴ϴ.

  /etc/lilo.confϿ

       append="mem=XXXM"

   ߰ ָ ˴ϴ.(̷ lilo.conf  ߰ϰ  Ŀ
  lilo ٽ Ű   .)

  man bootparm  Ϻθ ѹ 캸ڽϴ.

       `mem=...'

        ġǾ ִ ޸ 뷮 Ѱִ, PC 翡
       ǵǾ ִ BIOS 64ް   ֵ
       Ǿ ֽϴ.  Ҷ 󸶸ŭ ޸𸮰
       Ǿ ִ ˾Ƴ   BIOS  ̿մϴ. 
        64ް ̻ ޸𸮸 ġߴٸ   
       Ķ͸ ̿Ͽ  ýۿ 󸶸ŭ ޸𸮰
       Ǿ ִ ˷  ֽϴ.    ְ
       Ȥ 16(0x  տ )   
       k(1024)Ȥ M(1048576)   ֽϴ.  Ŀ
        ̳ʽ(Linus) `mem=' ĶͿ  
        ߽ϴ.

       Ŀ  ϴ  `mem=xx' Ķ͸
       ޾ƵԴϴ. ׸    Ķ͸ 
         巯  ý  Դϴ. 
       Ķʹ Ŀ ׼  ִ ֻ ޸ ּҸ
       ŸǷ   `mem=0x1000000'   16ް
       ޸𸮸  ִٴ  ϸ 96ް ޸𸮸 
       ִٸ `mem=0x6000000'  ˴ϴ.

       . . :  ý  ֻ ޸𸮸 BIOS
       ĳ  뵵 ϴ 찡 ֱ  96ް ο
          ֽϴ.  ݴ  ׻
       մϴ.  Ĩ BIOS  Ŀϴ   ޸𸮸
       ֻ ޸ ּ  ġ Ű   ֻ
       ޸ ּҴ 96MB + 384kB    ֽϴ.  
         ִ ޸𸮺    ִٰ
        ˷ְ Ǹ    Դϴ.:
        ƴϴ  Ȯ ׷  Ͼϴ.

   :  Ŀ  2.1 뿡 64ް ̻ ޸𸮸 ڵ
  νϰ ϴ  ߰Ǿ ׽Ʈǰ Ƿ  Ŀ  2.2
  뿡 ڵ 뷮 ޸𸮸 νĽų   ̴.

  3.2.    ̻ ̴ ī带 Ϸ  ϳ?

  Ŀ   ̻ ̴ ī带 νϰ Ϸ `ether=IRQ,i/o
  addr,device' Ķ͸ Ҷ Ѱ ־ մϴ.  

       boot: linux ether=5,0x320,eth0

  Ǵ lilo.conf   ߰ ݴϴ.

       image=/boot/vmlinuz
               label=linux
               append="ether=5,0x320,eth0"
               root=/dev/hda2
               read-only

  ̰ Ŀο ä ϵǾ  ִ ̴ ī 쿡
  ۵ Դϴ.  ̹  ϵǾ ִٸ 
  Ķ͸ /etc/modules.conf Ͽ  ־ մϴ.  

       alias eth0 3c509
       options eth0 irq=10

  3.3.    GCC "exiting on signal 11" ޽ 
  մϱ?

   뿡 ؼ  <http://www.bitwizard.nl/sig11/>  
  ڷḦ   ֽϴ.

  3.4.     ִ WinModem/WinPrinter 
  Ϸ  ϳ?

   Win*ֺ 츮 ġ . WinModem ̳
  WinPrinter     ִ  ϴ. Win-
  ̽ ſ ܼȭǾ ־  ۾ Ư 
  ̹  ̷ Դϴ.

   WinModem ̳ WinPrinter   ȸ MSκ
  ڻ α׷   Ű  з ް ֱ
    α׷ӵ    ϴ.

     WinPrinter   Ʈ 
  Ͼ  WinPrinter  ϳ    ֵ
  ߴٰ ϴµ  ̿ ؼ ̻ ƴ¹ٰ .

  4.   Ʈ FAQ

  4.1.  ý ð ߷  ϳ?

  xntpŰ  <http://www.eecis.udel.edu/~ntp/> Ȥ ٸ 
   Ʈ ؼ Ͻñ⸦ մϴ.

  4.2.  ġ ϴ   ֽʽÿ

  ҽڵ尡 ִ 丮 ̵մϴ. ׸

  patch < patchfile

  Ǵ ġ  ٸ 丮 

       patch < /path/to/your/patchfile

  4.3.    ϴ Ű ֽ     ֽϱ?

    SunSite UNC  <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux>

    Linux Archive Search  <http://torgo.ml.org/las>

    Linux Software Map (     )
     <http://www.boutell.com/lsm>

    Linux Applications and Utilities Page
     <http://www.xnet.com/~blatura/linapps.shtml>

    Walnut Creek -    ȨƮ
     <ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/pub/linux/>

  ``η A''    ֽϴ.

  4.4.  (sendmail)  FAQ

  4.4.1.   ̿ ߾ ڿ ȣ 񽺸 Ϸ
  մϴ. ׷ `mail loops back to me'  ޽ ±.

  sendmail.cf w Ŭ 캸ð  γ  Ǿ
  ִ Ȯϼ.(/etc/sendmail.cw Fw/file/name  Ǿ ִ
  ̳ Ȥ /etc/sendmail.cf Cwhostnames... ο  
  Ǿ ־ մϴ.)

        <http://www.sendmail.org/virtual-
  hosting.html> ϼ.

  4.4.2.  ͳݿ Ǿ   λ󿡼 ϱ 
      ˴ϱ?

  sendmail.cf   ܿ    ߰Ͻð

       O HoldExpensive=True

   Ϸ(smtp, smtp8, esmtp, relay) `F=' ǿ `e' ÷׸
  ߰ϼ.  

       Msmtp, P=[IPC], F=mDFMuXe, S=11/31, R=21, E=\r\n, L=990,
                    T=DNS/RFC822/SMTP,
                    A=IPC $h

  ׸   ۽Ű ɿ`-q15m'  ɼ 
  ʵ  ݴϴ.( -bd -os ɼ Ű⸦
  մϴ.     ؼ   
  ϼ.) ̷   ť ׿ ִ ϵ 
  ͳݿ ӵ    ְ ˴ϴ.:

       sendmail -q

  4.4.3.  UUCP  Ǿ ִ ýۿ  Ϸ
   ؾ ϳ?

  ̰ ״  亯  ִ   ƴ  ۾
     ִ, ׸      ִ ѹ
  ̾߱ .

  :  ǿ   ϰ ִ sendmail 8.8.8  
  ̾߱ϰڽϴ. ٸ  Ͽ  ٸ  
   ̵ ü Ȱϴ.

  1ܰ:  ҽ  <ftp://ftp.sendmai.org> ޾ . 
  ԵǾ ִ  øƮ ̿ؼ    
  ϱ Դϴ.  <ftp://ftp.redhat.com> rpm Ű ŵ
  ˴ϴ.   е ̹  ̳ʸ ؼ ġ
  ξٰ ϰڽϴ.  sendmail.cf   
  Դϴ.  ۾ ϱ ؼ sendmail-X.X.X/cf/cf丮 Ʒ
  øƮ ̿մϴ.  uucpproto.mc  մϴ. ̰
  ٸ  ̸(  myuucp.mc) ٲپ  Ӵϴ. 
  ⿡ ణ  ϸ ˴ϴ.  ü Ÿ ϰ
  SMART_HOST( ̸  ý ̸) մϴ.  
  ͷ   ׸  ݴϴ.

       OSTYPE:)OSTYPE(linux)dnl
       FEATURE(nodns)dnl ߰: DNS 
       MAILER(smtp)dnl ߰: uucp-dom Ϸ Բ ϰ 
       define(`SMART_HOST', uucp:YOUR_UUCP_ISP)dnl     ߰

     ƽϴ.      ̰.

       OSTYPE(linux)dnl
       FEATURE(nodns)dnl
       MAILER(local)dnl
       MAILER(smtp)dnl
       MAILER(uucp)dnl

       define(`SMART_HOST',uucp:YOUR_UUCP_ISP)dnl

   sendmail.cf   մϴ.

       m4 ../m4/cf.m4 myuucp.mc > /etc/sendmail.cf

   ־    DNS ؼ ȣƮ ã ʵ
  ϴ Դϴ.  迡 ϸ FEATURE(nodns)dnl δ 
  ʾҽϴ.  ̰  ۵ǰ Ϸ /etc/service.switch 
     ݴϴ.

       hosts           files
       aliases         files

   uucp ý  Ǿٸ(uuchk  Ȯغ ٶϴ.)
    μ /usr/sbin/sendmail -bd -q 15m Ǵ  
     ֽϴ.

    ׽Ʈ ޽  . ׸  ޽
  YOUR_UUCP_ISP ý uucp 丮  ̴ Ȯ 
    ȵȴٸ ٽ  ư  ߸Ǿ Ȯ
  .(α  ſ ϰ  Դϴ.)

     ƽϴ.  ־   ý  ؼ
   ISP   ð ̸ ȯϵ ϴ Դϴ.
     ֱ   crontab  մϴ.:  
  

       0,15,30,45 * * * * /usr/sbin/uucico -S YOUR_UUCP_ISP

    crontab  ߰ ִ Դϴ.(root α ¿
  crontab -e -u uucp  Ű.)  ̷ ϸ  15и UUCP
     Դϴ.(crontab   ٸ  ؼ
  Ŵ  ϼ.)

  ⼭ ̾߱ ͵    մϴ.  ̻ 
   Ʈ ؼ    ϼ.

    Sendmail+UUCP Mini HOWTO

    FreeBSD FAQ Section  <http://www.freebsd.org/FAQ/FAQ113.html#113>

    Solaris 2 FAQ  <http://www.wins.uva.nl/pub/solaris/solaris2>

    Sun managers Summaries <http://www.latech.edu/sunman.html>

    List of USENET FAQs  <http://www.cis.ohio-
     state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/unix-faq/top.html>

    Sun World Online  <http://www.sun.com/sunworldonline/common/swol-
     siteindex.html>

    Unix Guru Universe  <http://www.ugu.com>

    Stokeley Consulting  <http://www.stokely.com>

  4.5.  POP3 ڵ鿡 `already being read'   ޽
  ϴ.

  /var/tmp/.pop/<username>  .    pop3d
    ִ rm_stale.sh ũƮ cron  ֱ
  ϴ Դϴ.

  Ư  , Ư  3.3 3.4 /var/tmp/.pop
  丮    ̰   ޽  Ǳ⵵
  մϴ.  丮  ڿ ׷ ۹̼ Ǿ ִ
  Ȯ .

  4.6.  Ÿӿ  ϱ ؼ ð   
  ־ մϱ?

       1.  cd /usr/lib/zoneinfo
           rm localtime posixrules posixtimes
           ln -s /etc/localtime localtime
           ln -s /etc/localtime posixrules
           ln -s /etc/localtime posixtimes

       2.  cd /etc
           rm localtime
           ln -s /usr/lib/zoneinfo/Europe/Copenhagen localtime

       3.  /etc/rc.d/boot.local(Suse 5.1 )    
           ߰ ݴϴ.

           clock -a
           echo "System time: $(date)"

           /etc/init.d/local(Unifix 2.0)    
               ߰ ݴϴ.

           test -f /etc/adjtime || echo "0.0 0 0.0" >/etc/adjtime
           clock -a
           echo "System time: $(date)"

           /etc/rc.d/rc.local(, , ....)  
                 ߰ ݴϴ.

           #test -f /etc/adjtime || echo "0.0 0 0.0" >/etc/adjtime
           clock -a
           echo "System time: $(date)"?

       4.  TZ  ǵǾ ִ   ٲپ ־ մϴ. TZ  ǵǾ ־ ȵǴ .

           cd /etc
           find . -exec grep -ln TZ {} 2>/dev/null \;
           TZ  ǵǾ ִ  # ٿ ݴϴ.

            
           /etc/ENVIRONMENT        (unifix)
           /etc/profile*           (suse, unifix)
           /etc/login.defs         (suse, unifix)

       5.  Ʈ(Ȥ clock -a   )

  4.7.   ýۿ,  ý۵ ϰ ִ ҽ鿡
  ϱ ؼ  ϳ?

  FAQ ``4.7''/``4.8'' ϼ.

  4.8.  `ls'  ĮǮϰ   ؾ մϱ?

    $HOME/.bashrc Ͽ ߰մϴ.

  alias ls = 'ls --color'

   bash ƴ ٸ  Ѵٸ   rc Ͽ  
  ־ ָ ˴ϴ.

  5.   ý  FAQ

  5.1.  root  н带 ؾȽϴ.  α  ֽϱ?

     .    ý ˴ٿϰ 
  Ʈ   Ʈ н带 ٲٸ ˴ϴ.

   Ʈ Ϸ

       boot: linux init=/bin/sh

  Ʈ н带 ٲٱ ؼ

       bash# mount -o remount / -rw
       bash# passwd root

  : Ʈ Ƽ ϱ ؼ Ʈ Ƽ б/ 
   Ʈؾ մϴ.

  5.2.  /etc/passwd    ߸Ͽ  ʴ 
  Ͽϴ.  α  ֽϱ?

  ý ˴ٿϰ ``FAQ 4.1''  ó  Ʈ 
      ݴϴ.

       bash# chsh root

  5.3.  ý  ũƮ & ̴  ؾȽϴ. 
  ̰ ׶  ȯ  ֳ?

  ý ˴ٿϼ. ׸ ``FAQ 4.1''   Ἥ 
  Ʈ   ũƮ ϼ.

  5.4.  ̱   ȯϷ  մϱ?

  Ʈ ̹ single Ķ͸ Ѱָ ˴ϴ.

       boot: linux single

  5.5.   ý ؼ 95 ý ͳ ϵ
  ִ IP masquerading   մϱ?

  5.6.   (ȭ )   IP 巹 Ҵ޾ ϰ
  ֽϴ.  ؼ   ̻ ǻͰ ͳ ÿ
    ֵ Ϸ  ϳ?

  ̷ Ʈŷ   ؼ  ֻ ַ 
  ݴϴ.  IP_Masquerading   Ŀο Ǿ ֱ Դϴ.
     Ư    FAQ  ϴ. 
         ֽϴ. IP Masquerade
  Resource <http://ipmasq.home.ml.org>  ã  ְ IP
  masquerading  ؼ ۵ϴ α׷鿡 ؼ ˰
  ʹٸ Masq Apps <http://dijon.nais.com/~nevo/masq> 湮 ŵ
  ϴ.

  IP masquerading    ź ipchains ̿Ͻ 
  ֽϴ.  ̰͵   Ŀ 2.1.102 Ǿ Դµ
   Ŀ  2.0.33    ִ ġ ֽϴ. ipchains
  Ȩ  <http://www.adelaide.net.au/~rustcorp/ipfwchains>Դϴ.

  5.7.   ýۿ ִ ̳ ͸  ý۰
  Ϸ  մϱ?

  5.8.   ýۿ ִ ̳ ͸  ý۰
  Ϸ  մϱ?

  SAMBA Ͻʽÿ. SMB-HOWTO <http://samba.anu.edu/au> ѹ
  оô°͵ ϴ.   ؼ Printing-HOWTO
  <http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/Printing-HOWTO> 
  ϼ.

  5.9.  Ҷ "Can't find module XXXX-XXX"  ޽  ϴ.
   ý  Ű ʴµ  ϸ ?

  /etc/conf.modules  ؼ    ߰մϴ.

       alias module XXXX-XX            off
       alias module XXXX-XX            off

  : /etc/modules.conf ̳ /etc/conf.modules  
   ־ մϴ.

  5.10.    ý telnet/FTP  õϸ  
  ʽϴ.

  5.10.1.    ý telnet/FTP  õϴµ  ð
  ʹ  ɸϴ.

  reverse DNS Ͻðų /etc/hosts  ϼ.

  5.11.  root ƴ ٸ ڿ  Ǵ μ ý
  Ҷ ϰ Ϸ  մϱ?

     /etc/rc.d/rc.local ߰մϴ.

       cd /path/to/program
       su <username> -c <command>
       cd

     'bob'  μ 'talker' Ϸ

       cd /home/bob
       su bob -c ./talker &
       cd

  5.12.  Ư ڰ   ý telnet/FTP   
   ϰ ϰ ͽϴ.

  ڳ  ź ش  α  /dev/null ٲپ 
  ˴ϴ.   ftp   ַ /etc/shells Ͽ /dev/null 
  ߰ ݴϴ.  Ǵ  ڽ ũƮ (α ְ
  ޽ ѷְ......)  װ    ָ ˴ϴ.

  Ư ڰ ftp 񽺸  ϰ Ϸ   
  /etc/shells ϰų Ȥ  ڸ /etc/ftpusers ߰ϸ
  ˴ϴ.

  TCP  <ftp://ftp.win.tue.nl/pub/security/index.html> ؼ
  캸ž մϴ.

    ȭ(ULF)̶ ͵ ֽϴ.

  5.13.   /95/NT   ֽϴ.
       ̺긦   ̸  ä
  Ʈǰ ϰ ͽϴ.  ϸ ˴ϱ?

    ְ  ݴϴ. /etc/fstab  ǵ 'msdos' Ÿ 'vfat'
   ٲپ ־ մϴ. vfat  ڵ Ʈǵ Ϸ /proc
   vfat  뺸 տ ġؾ մϴ. NTFS FAT 32  
  Ÿ ׽ ̶  Ͻʽÿ.  FAT 16 ̺길 2.0
   Ŀο ˴ϴ.

       Before:

       /dev/hdc1       /               ext2    defaults        1 1
       /dev/hda1       /c              msdos   defaults        0 0
       /dev/hdc2       swap            swap    defaults        0 0
       /dev/fd0        /mnt/floppy     ext2    noauto          0 0
       /dev/cdrom      /mnt/cdrom      iso9660 noauto,ro       0 0
       none            /proc           proc    defaults        0 0

       After:

       none            /proc           proc    defaults        0 0
       /dev/hdc1       /               ext2    defaults        1 1
       /dev/hda1       /c              vfat    defaults        0 0
       /dev/hdc2       swap            swap    defaults        0 0
       /dev/fd0        /mnt/floppy     ext2    noauto          0 0
       /dev/cdrom      /mnt/cdrom      iso9660 noauto,ro       0 0

  Win95 osr2  Win98(NT4 ) "fat32" Ͻý ϵ
    ֽϴ. ̰ Ʈϱ ؼ fat32  Ŀο
  ԵǾ ־ մϴ. (Ŀ ġ ۾ ʿ)   Win95
  ̺갡 FAT16  ˵Ǿ    ִٰ ˷
  ֽϴ. Ŀ 2.0.33   ġ   ־ 
  2.0.34  vfat32  ԵǾ  Դϴ.  vfat32  õ
  ߰   <http://bmrc.berkeley.edu/people/chaffee/fat32.html>
  Ͻ  ֽϴ.

  5.14.  ÿ α  ִ Ƚ Ϸ  ϳ?

  ̰ ϰ  ִ   ԵǾ  ʰ α׷
   ؾ߸ մϴ. μ    ִµ clobberd
  idled ٷ װԴϴ.   ſ ڼ κб   ְ
  Ư  ׷쿡  ŸӾƿ(idle)   Ķ͸  
  ֽϴ.   <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu>   ī̺꿡
    ֽϴ.

  5.15.    ð(idle time) Ϸ  մϱ?

  ``FAQ 4.14'' .

  5.16.  "Shadow password" "Shadow suite"  Դϱ?

      Ư н ýۿ ȣȭ
  н尡    ִ(н  ׷ Ǿ ־
  մϴ.) /etc/passwdϿ ˴ϴ. ε н ýۿ
  ȣȭ н尡 /etc/passwd Ͽ  root   
  ִ /etc/shadow Ͽ  ˴ϴ.  ̷  θ
  н带 ŷϴ    ˴ϴ.

  6.     FAQ

  6.1.  (zombie) μ Դϱ?

  ڽ μ(child process) ϸ θ μ(parent
  process) װ ٽ ŵξ ̰ Ǿ ֽϴ.  ڽ μ
  ϸ  ¸ Ϲ޾ üũѴٴ .

   μ θ μΰ ŵξ   μԴϴ.
  ̰͵ ޸𸮸  ʰ ũ 뷮, IO, CPU ð  
   ʰ ٸ  μ μ ̺ 뷮 ϰ
  ֽϴ.  ̰    ʽϴٸ μ  Ѱ
  뷮 ٴٸ   Ű ϰ  ɸ ý ,
  Ȥ ڽ μ   ⸸ ϰ  ŵξ ʴ
  ׷ Ȳ     ֽϴ.

  ̰ κ Ʈ ̸ ý ũ   
  ֽϴ.  θ μ    ŵξ  ڽ
  μ  init μ  ŵξ鿩 Ǵµ  
  ý ε尡  ɷִ Ȳ  ð ɸ  ֽϴ.
    μ ſ   ĥ  ֽϴ. ֳϸ 
  μ   μ   ؼ ؾ 
     ϰ   ֱ Դϴ.  ׷ 
  ٸ ˴ٿ  ذåԴϴ.

  Ǵ ulimit ̿ؼ  ۾   ̸ Ѱ踦  
   ֽϴ.

  6.2.  Ŀ  ϰ ߴ "kernel panic - no root
  device"  ޽ ϴ.  ߸ ǰ?

  Ŀ Ͻÿ Ʈ ̽  ߴ Ȯϼ. 
  ramdisk  ʴ´ٸ  ̽ ̹   
  ϴ.( 쿡   Ʈ  Ʈ ̽
  ġϰ ֱ Դϴ.)

  rdev Ʈ ̽   ֽϴ.

    Ŀηε   ֵ lilo.conf   ΰ
      Ŀη ϵ صα⸦  մϴ.

  7.    FAQ

  7.1.   ý  ⺻  Դϱ?

   Դϴ. ý   ý ڵ鿡  ߿
  .   캸ڸ

  α ϵ  о: syslog޽, /var/adm 丮 *.log
  ϵ

  ġ  ϶: ο  Ǹ ׷̵ϰ ġѴ.

    Ʈ ϶: TCP , COPS, Tripwire 
  Ѵ.

    ϸƮ .

  Ư UNIX   ϸ Ʈ (: bugtraq@netspace.orgǴ linux-
  security@redhat.com)

  7.2.  / н带   մϱ?

       head -c 6 /dev/random | mmencode

  Ǵ mkpasswd

  7.3.    ´ ?   װ 
  ȿ ϴٰ ϴ......

  UNIX ý  ׻ ý ڰ 󸶳  ϴĿ ޷
  ֽϴ.   񽺸 Ҽ   ߱ Ȯ
  .

  SCO  ٸ  ü  ڵ ϰ ϱ 
  ü ü  ۰ Ǿ ִ  񽺵 ϱ
   ȿ  ϴٰ   ֽϴ.  ü ſ
  ̰ ȿ   ٸ  Ǳ  
   ް   ϴ ڵ   
    Ǿ ִ   ̱⵵ .

   ġ  ּ α׷ ġϰ  ʿ
  α׷ ݾ ߰ 鼭 α׷ ߱  ִ 
   ɼ ּ ٿ   ֽϴ.  
  ȴٸ      ݴϴ.   
  ִٸ õ ڿڵ ﰢ װ ذ  Բ 
  ְ ֽϴ.

    α׷    ׷  ذ 
  ѵ  Ǿ ֱ  ڱ ߰ Ϳ  ٸ
  鿡 ˸  ϴ 찡 ϴ.  ׷ 
  ذ  ִ ġ ׷̵      ð
    ֽϴ.  ׷ϴ. ׷    ̿  ְ
  Ǳ    α׷ ڵ ڽŵ   ǰ
  ۵ ų Ʈ ϰ ִٰ ߸ ϸ鼭 
   ԵǾ ִ 븸 ϴ  ֽϴ. Ǽ 
  α׷  Ͼ  ֽϴ.

  ׷ õ  о  ִ ҽڵ尡 ִٸ ̷
  Ǽ   ߰ߵ  ֽϴ.  ҽڵ带 ̸ 
   鵵 ׸ŭ  Դϴ.   700 ī 
   ̿ǰ   ׷   ߱س ɼ
  ׸ŭ ũ.

  Michael - The Web Administrator(wwwadmin@wizard.ca)

  7.4.  Ը Ϸ  ϳ?

  ͳ Կ    Ը  ϰ
  ֽϴ.    ؼ 캸.

        ֽϴ.  (D. J.
  Vanecek(djv@bedford.net) )

            ð ŵǾϴ.  մϴ.

       | From sales@canus.net  Sat Jun 27 02:42:41 1998
       | Return-Path: <sales@canus.net>
       | Received:  XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX CENSORED XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

       ̰ ϼ.

       | From: sales@canus.net
       | Received: from CENSORED XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
       |       by castor.loco.net (fetchmail-4.3.8 POP3)
       |       for <djv/castor.loco.net> (single-drop); Sat, 27 Jun 1998 02:42:41 EDT pop ؼ  ߴٴ  Ÿϴ.
       | Received: from server ([199.174.152.215]) by XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
       |       with SMTP (IPAD 1.52/64) id 4950800 ; Sat, 27 Jun 1998 02:39:13 EST

    ߿   ֽϴ. ̰  ̿ϴ ISP 
  иӷκ  ް ְų Ȥ Ը ִ߰ κ
   ް ִٴ  Ÿϴ. ⼭ װ   
   ϴ.  ISP  IPAD ϰ ֽϴ. 츮 
   ð  Ǿ ִٰ Ȯ   Ǿϴ.(߿)

       | Date: Sat, 27 Jun 1998 01:00:59

  ⼭ ¥   ְ ׷   ֽϴ.  
  Ը ϴ Ͱ ƹ   𸨴ϴ. ֳĸ 
   ַ и ýۿ Ǳ    .

       | Subject: Need A Loan?
       | Message-Id: <199806270639.4950800@XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX>
       | Apparently-To: XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX (me, correct email was here)

  To:     Ѳ     ؼ
   ֽϴ.

       | Status: RO
       |
       |    Are You in Debt?
       |
       |    If you are then we can help!
       |    Qualifying is now at your fingertips and there are no
       |    long distance calls to make or travel plans to arrange.
       |
       |    We are American Capital Corporation, and as you may have seen in our ad,
       |    you can be loaned up to 125% of the value of  your home or up to $100,000.00
       |    even if you have NO equity in your home!
       |    There are NO up-front or advanced fees of any kind!
       |    You can be approved WITHIN 24 hours and
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       |
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       |    All you need do is go to our website and answer a short questionnaire.
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       |    a personal call within 48 hours telling you how we can help you!
       |
       |    You are never under any obligation to use our services, but they are
       |    there for you!
       |
       |    For complete information, please visit our website at:
       |                     http://www.canus.net/amcap/129.html

  ߿  Ʈ 湮ϰ ˴ϴ.

       |
       |    Our business is helping people. May we help you?

   Ը κ ƿԴ ˾ƺô. 츮  κ
  199.174.152.215  IP 巹  ӽ Ը  
  Ǿ   ־ϴ. ping ޽   
  ϴ.

  nslookup  

       [djv@castor djv]$ fg -
       nslookup
       199.174.152.215
       Server:  localhost
       Address:  127.0.0.1

       Name:    dd35-215.dub.compuserve.com
       Address:  199.174.152.215

       >

    иӴ ǻ "throwaway"  ̿ϰ ִٴ 
  ˾ ½ϴ. ̰ IP 巹  ϴ ̾
  ΰ .  traceroute ̿غ    ʴ ɷ
   иӴ а ƴٰ   ֽϴ.  Ʈ
  199.174.152.1  traceroute  غ 

       [djv@castor djv]$ traceroute 199.174.152.1
       traceroute to 199.174.152.1 (199.174.152.1), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets
        3  bordercore4-hssi5-0-24.NorthRoyalton.mci.net (166.48.232.97)  159.816 ms 658.176 ms  730.623 ms
        4  core2.WillowSprings.mci.net (204.70.4.177)  159.222 ms  158.668 ms 149.832 ms
        5  borderx1-fddi-1.WillowSprings.mci.net (204.70.104.52)  239.834 ms  298.712 ms  330.386 ms
        6  compuserve.WillowSprings.mci.net (204.70.104.102)  169.325 ms  148.648 ms 149.875 ms
        7  core-fddi0.chi.compuserve.net (205.156.223.161)  239.890 ms  158.549 ms 149.933 ms
        8  atm1-06-core.dub.compuserve.net (205.156.223.113)  159.801 ms  148.613 ms 149.868 ms
        9  fddi0-ppp-2.dub.compuserve.net (205.156.223.72)  149.805 ms  148.702 ms 149.804 ms
       10  dub-dial-10.compuserve.net (206.175.65.25)  149.789 ms  148.658 ms 149.977 ms
       11  dd10-001.dub.compuserve.com (199.174.152.1)  399.829 ms  478.724 ms 400.485 ms
       [djv@castor djv]$

     иӰ ǻ  ؼ  ѷȴٴ 츮
    Ȯϰ  ݴϴ.

  ׷  иӿ  ٸ   ֳ?

  "canus.net"  Դϱ? ʵ  ƾ ϳ?

  "canus.net"  traceroute  غ 

       |  3  bordercore4-hssi5-0-24.NorthRoyalton.mci.net (166.48.232.97)  169.821 ms 138.943 ms  149.408 ms
       |  4  core3.Atlanta.mci.net (204.70.4.9)  279.872 ms  358.830 ms  369.607 ms
       |  5  ast-uunet-nap.Atlanta.mci.net (206.157.77.114)  159.785 ms  138.895 ms 159.844 ms
       |  6  104.ATM2-0-0.XR1.ATL1.ALTER.NET (146.188.232.50)  139.872 ms  158.687 ms 139.946 ms
       |  7  195.ATM5-0-0.GW1.MIA1.ALTER.NET (146.188.232.137)  179.745 ms  188.757 ms  199.900 ms
       |  8  bs-miami-gw.customer.alter.net (157.130.65.222)  199.871 ms  208.626 ms 199.989 ms
       |  9  207.203.0.160 (207.203.0.160)  199.758 ms  188.954 ms  209.890 ms
       | 10  172.25.80.90 (172.25.80.90)  199.859 ms  199.436 ms  199.321 ms
       | 11  205.152.190.251 (205.152.190.251)  189.876 ms  218.826 ms  229.904 ms

    κп ִ ȣƮ IP 巹κ 
   ȯ Ұ ȣ̸   canus.net  IP
  巹Դϴ.  whois canus.net  غ   ϴ.

       | Registrant:
       | CanUS Net (CANUS2-DOM)
       |    1 First ST West
       |    Gander, NFL D3K J7P
       |    CA

    ٿ   ȸ ĳٿ ġϰ ֱ.  
  ̱ ϰ 鼭  ̷ ָ   ġϰ ?

  |
  |    Domain Name: CANUS.NET
  |
  |    Administrative Contact:
  |       Franklin, Bob  (BF3584)  dehal@USA.NET
  |       360-695-3850
  |    Technical Contact, Zone Contact:
  |       Franklin, Bob  (BF3585)  dontcomplaintome@USA.NET

  ڿ ּҰ    ܼ ɼ ֽϴ.

       |       360-695-3850
       |    Billing Contact:
       |       Franklin, Bob  (BF3584)  dehal@USA.NET
       |       360-695-3850

   ڿ ּҰ USA.NET̶ ǿ ָؾ մϴ. ׵
  ڽŵ   ڿ ּҸ ̿ ʰ  
  ̸ ּҸ ̿ ʽϴ.  ִ ȭȣ  
  ɼ ſ .   ִ (Bob Franklin) иԴϴ.

      źմϴ. ȭ, ϵ, ٸ  ε
    ʽϴ.   Ѹ   Ư¡.

  Ը Ѹ ϴ  ƴ ٸ  ġѴ.  ǻ곪
  Ƹ޸ī ¶(AOL), Ʈ   ISP  ̿Ѵ.

       |
       |    Record last updated on 19-Jun-98.

  Ը   ſ ֱٿ Ǿϴ. ܿ 
  ̱.  Ƹ     ٰ  иӴ 
  Դϴ. ̰ Ŀٶ Ը Ѹ  
  Դϴ.

       |    Record created on 19-Jun-98.
       |    Database last updated on 26-Jun-98 04:01:02 EDT.
       |
       |    Domain servers in listed order:
       |
       |    NS1.NAMESERVER1.NET                205.152.190.208
       |    NS2.NAMESERVER1.NET                205.152.190.209

    иӿ DNS 񽺸 ϰ ֽϴ.  
  񽺸 ϴ   ̶  Ը 
  ִ ο 񽺸 ϰ ִٰ ˷ ־ մϴ.

       |
       | The InterNIC Registration Services database contains ONLY
       | non-military and non-US Government Domains and contacts.
       | Other associated whois servers:
       |    American Registry for Internet Numbers - whois.arin.net
       |    European IP Address Allocations        - whois.ripe.net
       |    Asia Pacific IP Address Allocations    - whois.apnic.net
       |    US Military                            - whois.nic.mil
       |    US Government                          - whois.nic.gov

     иӿ DNS 񽺸 ϰ ִ ˾ƺ 
  whois 񽺸 ̿մϴ.

       whois 205.152.190.

    ϴ.

       | [No name] (MORR-HST)          MORRISON.PHICOM.NET            205.152.190.130
       | [No name] (DRAKE4-HST)                DRAKE.PHICOM.NET 205.152.190.131
       | [No name] (NS19481-HST)               NS.DCSOUTHFLORIDA.COM 205.152.190.2
       | [No name] (NS41802-HST)               NS1.NAMESERVER1.NET 205.152.190.208
       | [No name] (NS42268-HST)               NS2.NAMESERVER1.NET 205.152.190.209
       |
       | To single out one record, look it up with "!xxx", where xxx is the
       | handle, shown in parenthesis following the name, which comes first.
       |
       | The InterNIC Registration Services database contains ONLY
       | non-military and non-US Government Domains and contacts.
       | Other associated whois servers:
       |    American Registry for Internet Numbers - whois.arin.net
       |    European IP Address Allocations        - whois.ripe.net
       |    Asia Pacific IP Address Allocations    - whois.apnic.net
       |    US Military                            - whois.nic.mil
       |    US Government                          - whois.nic.gov
       |

  "Phicom.net"   иӿ DNS 񽺸  ְ ִ°
  ϴ.      ˾ƺ  whois 񽺸 
  ̿մϴ.

       whois phicom.net

       | Registrant:
       | Phicom, Inc (PHICOM-DOM)
       |    1370 W. Flagler St  Suite C
       |    Miami, Florida 33135

  ּҿ   ÷θ ֹ̾̿ ġ Ӵ 繫ǿ ֱ.
  Ƹ иӴ ̰   ɼ ſ ϴ.

       |
       |    Domain Name: PHICOM.NET
       |
       |    Administrative Contact, Technical Contact, Zone Contact:
       |       Dominguez, Alvio  (AD1820)  Alvio124@PHICOM.NET
       |       305-642-2638 (FAX) 305-541-0608
       |    Billing Contact:
       |       Baptista, Daniel  (DB5797)  Daniel34@PHICOM.NET
       |       305-642-2638 (FAX) 305-541-0608
       |
       |    Record last updated on 30-Apr-97.
       |    Record created on 02-Apr-97.
       |    Database last updated on 26-Jun-98 04:01:02 EDT.

  ̰  ϳ Ѿ. ⼭ Ը ѹ Ѹ ġ
    ׷ ൿ   Դϴ.

       |
       |    Domain servers in listed order:
       |
       |    MORRISON.PHICOM.NET                205.152.190.130
       |    DRAKE.PHICOM.NET           205.152.190.131
       |
       |
       | The InterNIC Registration Services database contains ONLY
       | non-military and non-US Government Domains and contacts.
       | Other associated whois servers:
       |    American Registry for Internet Numbers - whois.arin.net
       |    European IP Address Allocations        - whois.ripe.net
       |    Asia Pacific IP Address Allocations    - whois.apnic.net
       |    US Military                            - whois.nic.mil
       |    US Government                          - whois.nic.gov

   www.phicom.net  lynx  ̿ؼ ѹ 
  ڽϴ.  Ȩ      Ȩ
   ֱ.

       |
       |      [INLINE] 1380 W. Flagler St. Miami, FL 33135 1(888) 642-2NET (305)
       |                                   642-2638

  NIC  ϵ  ġմϴ.

  |
  |                  You are the [INLINE] visitor to our site.
  |
  |    * World Wide Internet/Access  * U.S. Robotics X 2 technology * Local /
  |      Wide / Global Area Networks * Hardware / Software Sales * Web Site
  |    Hosting & Construction * Service Repair Center * IBM Business Partner
  |                  * Hewlett Packard Warranty Service Center
  |
  |
  |

   չ ISP ΰ ϴ. ϵ   Բ ϰ
  ֱ.  IBM̳ HP  ȸ 迭 ȸ ̰ Ը
    Ȱ  ɼ ũ.  ʿ
  иӿ DNS 񽺸 ϰ ִ Ϳ  ˷ ־ մϴ.

  ԸϿ ִ  ϱ? ű⵵ ѹ 湮 ô.
  http://www.canus.net/amcap/129.html ̾. ű ڽϴ.

       |                                   [INLINE]
       |                              Mortgage Services
       |
       |
       |
       |                              Are you in debt?
       |
       |    If you are then we can help. Qualifying is now at your fingertips and
       |    there are no long distance calls to make or travel plans to arrange.
       |
       |    As you may have seen in our ad you can be loaned up to 125% of the
       |    value of your home or $100,000.00 even if you have NO equity in your
       |    home. There are no up-front or advanced fees of any kind. You can be
       |    approved within 24 hours and have your cash in one weeks time.
       |
       |    In order for us to provide you with a FREE loan evaluation we must ask
       |    for the following so that a representative can contact you via the
       |    telephone within 24-48 hours.
       |         * indicates required fields
       |        *Name    ____________________
       |        *Address ____________________
       |                  ____________________
       |         *City   ____________________  *State ___  *Zip __________
       |        *Home Phone       ____________________
       |          Work Phone       ____________________
       |         *Email Address   ____________________
       |        Best Time to Call ____________________
       |            Type of Home  [None Selected......]
       | Estimated Value of Home  ____________________
       | Current Debt Against
       | Home(Loan Balance):      ____________________
       | Type of Loan Requested   [None Selected.....]
       | Amt. of Loan Requested   ____________________
       | Total Household Income   ____________________
       |        Credit Rating   [None Selected]
       |
       |    To send this information to American Capital, press the Submit button;
       |         To clear this form and start again, press the Reset button.

  ׵  Ż  ڼ  䱸ϸ鼭 ڽŵ鿡
  ؼ   ʰ ֽϴ. ؾ մϴ.

       |
       | SubmitReset
       |
       |                              About our company:
       |
       |    We are a FREE national referral service for homeowners seeking to
       |    consolidate their bills. We have a network of affiliated companies
       |    that are regarded as the best and most respected mortgage banking
       |    companies in the country. You can rest assured that you are in good
       |    hands and will receive extraordinary service with our affiliated
       |    companies, for we only allow in our association and work with the
       |    absolute best companies in the nation.
       |
       |                             You may reach us at:
       |
       |                      American Capital Mortgage Services
       |                                1-212-796-6549
       |
       |
       |                        We do not promote SPAM or UBE.
       |            Please be assured that we are doing everything we can
       |              to ensure that our users do not abuse this policy.
       |

      ִ ˾ƺ  traceroute  
  ڽϴ.

       [djv@castor djv]$ traceroute www.canus.net
       traceroute to www.canus.net (205.152.190.251), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets

        4  core3.Atlanta.mci.net (204.70.4.9)  209.895 ms  158.635 ms  199.880 ms
        5  ast-uunet-nap.Atlanta.mci.net (206.157.77.114)  199.820 ms  148.672 ms 139.873 ms
        6  104.ATM2-0-0.XR1.ATL1.ALTER.NET (146.188.232.50)  189.844 ms  168.612 ms 149.935 ms
        7  195.ATM5-0-0.GW1.MIA1.ALTER.NET (146.188.232.137)  209.791 ms  198.624 ms 199.881 ms
        8  bs-miami-gw.customer.alter.net (157.130.65.222)  199.831 ms  198.651 ms 199.884 ms
        9  207.203.0.160 (207.203.0.160)  209.834 ms  160.053 ms  199.343 ms
       10  172.25.80.90 (172.25.80.90)  209.514 ms  209.896 ms  179.381 ms
       11  205.152.190.251 (205.152.190.251)  209.781 ms  168.693 ms  199.847 ms

       [djv@castor djv]$

  205.152.190.251  phicom.net Ʒ ִٴ  ˰ Ǿϴ.
  ׷Ƿ phicom.net  DNS 񽺻Ӹ ƴ϶  ͳ ӱ Բ
  ϰ ִ .

      Դϴ.

  츮  иӰ ϰ ִ usa.net  ǻ иӰ ִٴ
   ˷  ְ иӰ  ϰ ִ phicom.net 
    ˷ִ  ൿ   ֽϴ.

  usa.net ̳ ǻ  и    ֽϴٸ
  phicom.net  ڽŵ иӿ ̿ϰ ִٴ 
  𸣰  ɼ ֽϴ. иӵ鿡 ؼ  ISP  
  ֱ Դϴ.

  иӿ Ը Ѹ  ϴ   ǹ̰ ,
  ʿ   ִ  ġ phicom.net κ ۽ŵǴ 
   źϵ  ִ Դϴ. ׷ ߿ phicom.net
  κ и Ʈ Ǿٴ Ȯ   Ŀ ٽ
      ֵ ϴ   ʿ   ִ
   Դϴ.

  8.  ׿ FAQ

  8.1.     ū  ũ?

  ̰ ϰ ִ Ͻý   Ʋϴ. ext2
  Ͻý 64Ⱑ    ֽϴ. ̴н(minix)
  ext  ý 2Ⱑ ѰԴϴ.

  ext2  inode  12   Ǿ ְ Ѱ ,
  Ѱʹ , Ѱ  Ǿ   ext2 zone
  256 zone ͸   ִ. 

  12*BLOCK_SIZE + 256*BLOCK_SIZE + 256*256*BLOCK_SIZE +
  256*256*256*BLOCK_SIZE

  BLOCK_SIZE   4096 ̴. (2048 ̳ 1024   ִ.).

  9.  η

  9.1.  ηA ͳ    Ʈ

    Ϲ 

    Linux Home Site <http://www.linux.org>

    Linux On Sunsite <http://www.sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux>

    Suman Saraf's web site devoted to linux
     <http://www.jimin.com/suman>

    Linux Resource Exchange <http://www.linuxrx.com>

    Linux bizzare: How many firms <http://www.m-tech.ab.ca/linux-biz/>

    organisations, institutions in the world use Linux

    Linux Resource Exchange <http://www.linuxrx.com>

    Mailing Lists and Newsgroups related to linux
     <http://www.linuxrx.com/Lists/Lists.perl>

     

    RedHat site <http://www.redhat.com>

    Debian site <http://www.debian.org>

    Slackware site. <http://www.slackware.org>

      ãƺ

    <http://www.linuxlinks.com/>

    <http://www.redhat.com/linux-info/Software/>

    <http://uiarchive.cso.uiuc.edu/SearchEngines/linux.cgi>

    ý 

    <http://www.secretagent.com/doc/ldp/sag/index.html>

    <http://www.samag.com/>

    <http://www.solucorp.qc.ca/linuxconf/>

    Ʈŷ

    <http://www.wwonline.com/~achau/ipmasq/>

    <http://www.landfield.com/faqs/by-
     newsgroup/comp/comp.os.linux.networking.html>

    <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/PPP-HOWTO>

    <http://www.dna.lth.se/~erics/diald.html>

    <http://www.umr.edu/~mark/linux/ppp.html>

    <http://www.netdoor.com/helpdesk/linux.html>

    <http://dijon.nais.com/~nevo/masq/index.html>

    <http://samba.anu.edu.au/samba/>

    α׷

    <http://samba.anu.edu.au/samba/>

    <http://virtual-mktg.com/tiwatson/>

    <http://franz.ww.tu-berlin.de/msqlperl/index.html#80>

    <ftp://ftp.dti.ad.jp/pub/lang/CPAN/doc/wwwman/libwww/lib/LWP.html>

    

    <http://www.infinet.com/~gnosis/mail.html>

    <http://www.qmail.org/>

    <http://www.best.com/~ariel/nospam/>

    <http://locke.ccil.org/~esr/fetchmail/>

     ڷ

    <http://www.redhat.com/linux-info/lg/issue23/lg_toc23.html>

    <http://www.linuxresources.com/>

    <http://www.tux.org/~balsa/linux/cyrix/>

    <http://www.tiac.net/users/williams/lugnuts/>

    <http://www.ssc.com/linux/linux.html>

    <http://www.scripps.edu/~jsmith/jazip/>

    <http://www.solucorp.qc.ca/linuxconf/features.html>

    <http://www.secretagent.com/>

    <http://bmrc.berkeley.edu/people/chaffee/fat32.html>

    <http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/mini/Kerneld.html>

    <http://www.ch4549.org/lust/>

    <http://www.LinuxMall.com/mallidx.html>

    <http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/>

    <http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/linux.html>

    <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/faqs/>

    <http://www.redhat.com/linux-info/lg/issue18/issue18.html>

    <http://www.gamers.org/dEngine/xf3D/>

    <http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/FAQ/Linux-FAQ.html>

    <http://amelia.db.erau.edu/Excite/AT-LDPquery.html>

    <http://amelia.db.erau.edu/ldp/HOWTO/mini/Offline-
     Mailing.html#toc3>

    X 

    <http://www.xfree86.org/>

    <http://www.PLiG.org/xwinman/>

    <http://x.unicom.net/themes/>

    <http://tnt.microimages.com/freestuf/mix.htm>

    

    <http://www.redhat.com/support/docs/rhl/manual/manual/>

    <http://www.redhat.com/support/docs/rhl/intel/rh41-errata-
     intel.html#Install_fails_with_some_SCSI_adaptors>

    <http://www.best.com/~aturner/RedHat-FAQ/>

    <http://www.redhat.com/redhat/softdir/index.phtml>

    <http://www.labs.redhat.com/>

    α׷

    <http://www.roestock.demon.co.uk/isapnptools/>

    <ftp://ftp.xemacs.org/pub/tux/robotti/>

    <http://mc.blackdown.org/mc/>

    <http://argeas.argos.hol.gr/pub/unix/cooledit/>

    <http://www.xnet.com/~blatura/linapps.shtml>

    <http://www.uwsg.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/9707.3/0201.html>

    <http://www.rootshell.com/>

    <http://www.geek-girl.com/bugtraq/archives.html>

    <http://webwatcher.org/>

    <http://citv.unl.edu/linux/LinuxPresentation.html>

    <http://terminus.terminator.net/ipmasq/>

    <http://darkrain.vup3d.com/>

  9.2.  ηB  FAQ   ִ 

  linux-admin@vger.rutgers.edu FAQ ڿ  FAQ  ԵǾ
  ϴ  亯 Բ   ȴ.

  9.3.  ηC  

  9.3.1.  ηC.1  FAQ 

    Glynn Clements (glynn@sensei.co.uk)

    Edmund Lau (edlau@ucf.ics.uci.edu)

    John Evans (evansj@hi-line.net)

    Richard Betel (mto@rim.net)

    Marin D (marin@iclub.techno-link.com)

    LUIS FELIPE BALBINOT (9510919@turing.unisinos.tche.br)

    Brian Schau (bsc@fleggaard.dk)

    Mullen, Patrick (Patrick.Mullen@GSC.GTE.Com)

    Dave Sutherland (dave@ibd.net)

    Michael Granzow (mg@medi.physik.uni-oldenburg.de)

    Ajay Gautam (ajay@avlinsun.avlin.stpn.soft.net)

    Nagib Hobeica (nag@beryte.com)

    Chris MacLeod (stick@physis.viper.net)

    Robert Towster (towster@technologist.com)

    Tethys (tethys@ml.com)

    Troy Bowman (troy@ns.lumpnet.ml.org)

    Richard Betel (mto@rim.net)

    Martin Humberto Hoz Salvador (mhoz@uanl.mx)

    Gustavo Courault (courault@santafe.com.ar)

    Mark Conway Wirt (mark@intrepid.net)

    Irfan Akber (iakber@super.net.pk)

    Dave J. Vanecek (djv@bedford.net)

    Suman_Saraf (ssaraf@hss.hns.com)

    Edmund Lau (edlau@ucf.ics.uci.edu)

    Chris McGee (CMMcGee@Pella.com)

    Kristian Soerensen (elof@image.dk)

    Rob Riggs (rob@devilsthumb.com)

    Dave Wreski(dave@nic.com)

    Azfar Kazmi (oup@iname.com)

  9.3.2.  ηC.2 FAQ ȣ/̷

    Mullen, Patrick (Patrick.Mullen@GSC.GTE.Com)

    Nagib Hobeica (nag@beryte.com)

    Chris MacLeod (stick@physis.viper.net)

    Dave Sutherland (dave@ibd.net)

  FAQ ڿ ϰ 

    Fyodor Yarochkin fygrave@usa.net

    Fyodor Yarochkin fygrave@freenet.bishkek.su

