Linux Gazette #26
:Ǽ, ȣ, ظ(posLUG(װ   ))

ȿ/繫ǿ Ʈũ ϱ

۾: Tom Kunz

:
  
ϱ -Ʈũ ϴ ۵ϰ !
 Ʈũ ϱ
diald ġϱ
pppd ġϱ
Ŀ 
IP Forwarding ȭ ϱ
pppd ϱ
diald ϱ
ŸӾƿ  û ϱ
α׷



  

  Linux Gazette Linux Journal   ٷ  
  .      ̻ ǻ͸  ִٰ ս
. Ƹ  ǻͰ   ̻   ְڰ, 繫ǿ  
 ǻ͸    ְ. ׸    븦 ٸ ͵
 'Ʈ' ϰ ʹ ̴̰ϴ.   ISP(ͳ  
)  5̳  10 Ǵ 15   ΰѴٰ ϸ, 
 ISP    ϰ   ̴ϴ.    
ƹ ͵  ϸ鼭  ͳݿ Ǿ ִٴ   ؾ 
   ٶ ʰ.  ð ΰǴϱ.  ׷ 
 ϴ     Ʈũ  ͳݿ  ϰ, 
   ֵ Ͽ ּ 븸 ϵ ϴ Դ
. ̷ Ϸ demand-dialing, IP forwarding, IP Masquerading, PPP 
 Ʈŷ ʸ ϰ ־ մϴ. ʿ    
ó 鸱 𸣰ڴµ...... ɵ Ȯ强   ѹ ѷ
 ͵  ʰ.
Ͻ ,   ۿ ͳ  Ʈ̸   
  ִ°  ,   Ʈũ ϴ  ǻ
  ư Ѵٴ   ƴ϶ ̴ϴ.  Ʈ  
ϴ    ǻͿ  ġϰ,   ٸ ÷ 
ص ˴ϴ. TCP/IP ϴ  ý̸  ͵  ϴ. 
 Ų, 95, н ũ̼    ü
  ִ  帮     ֽϴ.
  Ʈũ ϴ   մϴ.   
 Ǵ ȯ Ʈũ ̷  Ʈũ  ̻ 
Ʈũ   ֽϴ.    TCP/IP  ϸ鼭 
  ȸ ӿ ̿մϴ.    а  
  Ʈũ Ʈ ߻Ű ,   ° 
ǰ, ٸ   ʰ ִ 뿪    ̿  ִ 
  ˴ϴ. ⼭ 帮   Ʈũ ϴ 
Ǵٸ  ڵ,  ʿ ȭ  ȸ  ð ͳ
 ̿ϴµ   ʰ ϱ ؼԴϴ. ֱٿ   
ǿ Ʈũ   ִµ   繫    ڱ 
å  ȭ Ἥ ͳݿ ϴ.   ȭ  ׷ 
ͳ ӿ ǰ    ٸ  ɷ ȭ 
޴µ ǰ ־ϴ. ׷   帮     
ڷδ    ȭȸ ͳ  ӿ ̿Ǿ,  
 Ӱ ڱ å󿡼 ȭ  ͳ ̿   ְ 
ϴ.
  ߴ ϱ ؼ, 켱  4.2  ġ  
ܰ غ .    5.0 ״ ũ ٸ  
 ʾҰ, ̷   3.3  ϴ   
ؼ  ̻̿ ٷڽϴ.


ϱ -Ʈũ ϴ ۵ϰ !

ٵ 켱̰ ߿   Ʈũ ϱ   ʿ
  ѹ оô ̶ е鲲 õϰ ͽϴ. 
   ֽϴ.

The Linux Network Administrator's Guide
Linux System Administrator's Guide
NET-3 HOWTO
Ethernet HOWTO

̾ Ʈ̸ ̿ؼ ̳ 繫ǿ Ʈũ  
 ؼ 켱   Ʈũ(LAN)   ۵ؾ մϴ.  
  帰     Ʈũ  ϱ 
 ѹ  о⸦ մϴ.  ϴ ̴ ī
 Ȯ  𵨸 ⼭   ߿  ƴմϴ.(   :Ethernet 
HOWTO  ̴ ī带   ΰ  
̴.) ׷     ISA   ī带 ϰ
ϴ. ISA  ī       Ǿ 
 Դϴ.   ϴ   SMC/WD 80*3 
ϴ. ׷   ISA Ʈũ ī鵵   ưϴ. 
·  Ʈũ ư ϱ ؼ ȴ   
 ڼ оñ⸦ մϴ.


 Ʈũ(LAN) ϱ

  Ʈũ  ġصΰ,   Ͽ 
 Ʈũ   Ʈũ(LAN)  ִ ӽ '
 Ʈ' Ǵ 'Ʈ' θڽϴ.
׸ 繫̳  ϴ Ʈũ Ϲ ϵ 
  ʴ 찡 .   IP 巹 Ҵ޾ 
ϵǾ ִ ( :  ͳݿ     ִ  
ĪѴ.  IP 巹 ܺο ν  ϴ ּҰ ִ.)
 ̿ؼ Ʈũ Ѵٸ   InterNIC Ҵ   
IP 巹 ּҵ  Ʈũ ؾ  մϴ.  ϴ 
    𸣽ô   ϱ   Ǿ ִ 
ּҵ ̿ϸ ˴ϴ.  ۿ 192.168.1.0 ּҸ   Ʈ
ũ ̿ϰڽϴ.  ּҴ ̸ Ǿ  ֱ   ּҴ
 Ʈũ  Ŷ ٸ ͳ  Ŷ 浹 
 ʽϴ. ֳϸ  ּҴ ϰ  Ǿ ִ Ŷ  
Ϳ ؼ õǱ .
ϴ  ̸ Ǿ ִ IP 巹  ϰ   
  ϰ  Ʈ    ־ 
ϴ.  Ʈ ּҸ '.1'  ߶ 帮 ͱ.  
 ̷ ؾ Ѵٴ  ϴٸ, ̷ ϸ ܿ⵵  
 Ʈ ּҴ ̷  ̰ ֽϴ.   192.168.1.0
 ּҸ  Ʈũ  ̿Ѵٸ 192.168.1.1 Ʈ 
ּҰ  ǰ.  ׷  Ʈũ  ٸ   ý۵ IP   巹 
192.168.1.2  192.168.1.254   .  ý ڵ 
Ӽ ּҸ .254 ߱⸦ մϴٸ   Ʈũ 
 ý ״  ʴٸ Ӽ   ʿ  
Դϴ.
   ׷    ʿ  Դϴ.  
ϱ  ָ Ǵ .  ٸ 'ϵ' γӰ 
Ǽ ȵȴٴ°   ˰ ð.  ٸ  ̿ 
   γ Ͻø ˴ϴ.   'kunz.home' 
 γ ̿ϰ ֽϴ. home    ƽôٽ 
   ̿ ʰ ϱ  .  ACME ֽ
ȸ 繫ǿ  Ʈũ Ҷ  'acme.office'   ϸ  ǰ. 
office  ε 浹 Ͼ  ϱ.( : γ
     ϵ IP 巹 ̿ϴ   ƴ
  ƹ ̸̳ ٿ־  .)
 Ʈũ  ġ ÿ, Ǵ  ġ  Ŀ  
 ֽϴ.     Ʈ ̸ 'linux-gw' 
ϰ Ͱ,   'smith.home' ָ ܺ Ʈũ 
  Ű ʽϴ. 192.168.1.0 Ʈũ ּҷ  ָ 
 Ʈũ    ָ ˴ϴ.
Host Name: linux-gw
Domain Name: smith.home
IP address: 192.168.1.1
Netmask: 255.255.255.0
Broadcast: 192.168.1.255
Default Gateway:
Primary Nameserver:( ISP ϴ Ӽ ּҸ  
˴ϴ.)
Secondary Nameserver:( ISP ϴ Ӽ  
  ̿ Ӽμ,  ˰ ִ Ӽ ִٸ  ݴϴ. 
 κ, Primary Nameserver   ξ ϴ.)
  Default Gateway ׸  ξ Ѵٴ Դϴ! 
 ̺ diald ؼ  ̱ .  ̾߱  
 ϰڽϴ.
'linux-gw' /etc/hosts  ų ؾ մϴ.   
 Ʈũ  ִ  ý IP巹  ̸ 
ϰ ־ ϴµ   Ʈũ 4 ý   ִ
   /etc/hosts       Դϴ.
127.0.0.1         localhost localhost.localdomain
192.168.1.1       linux-gw.smith.home linux-gw
192.168.1.2       winchester.smith.home winchester
192.168.1.3       ruger.smith.home ruger
192.168.1.4       browning.smith.home browning
192.168.1.5       mossberg.smith.home mossberg
̷ ϸ  Ʈ̰  Ʈũ ִ   
 ̸   ְ ˴ϴ.  ۾  Ʈũ 
 ٸ н ũ̼̳   ýۿ Ȱ   
մϴ.      ϸ ǰ    
netcfg  ̿ؼ Host ׸ ĵ ˴ϴ.
 Ʈũ  ִ ٸ ý۵ Ʈũ  ׸  
  ־  Դϴ.  ٸ ý  IP 巹 
  ʵ   Ͻʽÿ!       'smoth.home'  Ʈũ 
'winchester'  ̸  ִ ý  Ÿ Դϴ.
Host Name: winchester
Domain Name: smith.home
IP address: 192.168.1.2
Netmask: 255.255.255.0
Broadcast: 192.168.1.255
Default Gateway: 192.168.1.1
Primary Nameserver:( ISP ϴ Ӽ ּҸ  
˴ϴ.)
Secondary Nameserver:( ISP ϴ Ӽ  
  ̿ Ӽμ,  ˰ ִ Ӽ ִٸ  ݴϴ. 
 κ, Primary Nameserver   ξ ϴ.)
ôٽ Ʈ(linux-gw)  ̰   ⺻ 
Ʈ ׸Դϴ. Ʈũ ִ ý  Ŷ ٱ  
  Ŷ   Ʈ 192.168.1.1   ؼ  ʹٴ 
.  Ʈũ ٸ ý۵鵵   ָ 
ϴ. ٸ  Host Name κа  IP address . TCP/IP  
ϴ ý̶   ׸     
ϴ.( :    ǿ Ʈũ ׸  ϸ 
ȴ.) 
  Ʈ̿    ġ   Ʈ̸ 
ְ   netconfig α׷ ϸ Ʈũ ׸ 
  ֽϴ.  ϳ ָ ˴ϴ.   
  츦  ¿ netcfg  α׷ ϸ ǰڽ
. control-panel  ص  α׷  ȣ   
ϴ.
 о  ̶  Ʈũ  ϰ  μ
 Դϴ.  ýۿ  Ʈ̷  ڳ    
 ̴ϴ.

diald ġϱ

ڵ ȭ   ֵ ϱ ؼ diald  α׷ 
ϴ.  α׷ ϱ ؼ 켱,     ۵
 ϰ   ν Ǿ ־ մϴ.  ׷ ʴ
 ġ   Ͻðų  Ȩ ãƺ.
ϴ   ۵ϰ,   νĵ Ŀ diald  
ϸ ˴ϴ. Ѱ ˷帱 ,    ̳ PNP  
  ϴϱ    .   PNP  
 Ⱑ     PNP  ؾ Ѵٸ isapnptools 
α׷ ̿ؼ PNP  ֽø ˴ϴ.
ù°, diald   ؼ ġϽʽÿ.  ̹ ġ  Ǿ ʴٸ 
ftp://sunsite.unc.edu  ҽڵ带 Ͻ  ֽϴ.   
  ִٸ    4.2 õ /[õ Ʈ  
]/RHSCont/i386/diald-0.16-3.i386.rpm    ġϼŵ ˴ϴ.( 
: ftp://ftp.kreonet.re.kr/pub/Linux/redhat/contrib/i386    
.)  丮 diald-config-0.1-1.i386.rpm   ִµ ̰͵  Բ 
ġ ֽø ϴ. ֳϸ   Ű    ϵ 
 ֱ .  5.0   翡  ¥ 
ҿ Ű    ʾҽϴٸ  ftp://sunsite.unc.edu  
ֽ        ֽϴ.    쵵  Դϴ. 
http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/network/serial     
ֽϴ.

pppd ġϱ

diald  ġϼ̴ٸ pppd  ġϿ մϴ.  Ű /
  ġÿ ⺻ ˴ϴ.   ġÿ ' ġ'
 ϼ̴ٸ ġ Ǿ ̰  ġÿ  Ű  
ġϼ̴ٸ õҿ ãƺø  ˴ϴ.   4.2 õ   
RPMS 𷺷   ppp    ϴ    ְ,     
slakware Ʒ N3 丮뿡  ppp.tgz  ֽϴ.   Ű  
ftp://sunsite.unc.edu  ҽڵ带   ֽϴ.

Ŀ 

   diald     pppd     ýۿ   ġϼ̰?   ׷   IP 
Masquerading   ʴ   Դϴ. ̷  Ʈ
ũ    ʿ ɼ̹Ƿ   ֵ Ͽ մϴ. 
     5.0  ϽŴٸ ϴ.  ֳϸ 
 ɵ  ϵǾ ֱ  Ŀ  α׷ ʿ
  ڵ ش  Ŀο   ֵ  ֱ Դ
. /etc/sysconfig/network    ġ̴ٸ  ̿Ͻ 
 ֽϴ.(Ʒ 'ȭ  ϱ' κ оø  ˴ϴ.)  
  ġϿ, Ŀ ҽ  Բ ġϼ̴ٸ Ŀ 
ٽ       ־    մϴ.   Ŀ    ҽ        
ftp://sunsite.unc.edu Ŀ ҽ ޾ƿŵ ˴ϴ.
޾ƿ Ŀ ҽ /usr/src 丮 Ʒ  Ǯ  
 ֽø ˴ϴ.
1. cd /usr/src/linux
2.  츦 Ͻø make  xconfig  Ͻð  ܿ  ׳ 
make config  Ͻø ˴ϴ.
3. Networking Options ׸񿡼  ׸ Y ּž մϴ.
Network firewalls
TCP/IP networking
IP: forwarding/gatewaying
IP: firewalling
IP: masquerading
IP: ICMP masquerading
4. logging/accounting ׸񿡼 Y ֽ ʿ䰡 ٴ  ˾Ƶ
. κ ڵ     ʿ䰡  ̴ϴ. ̰   
 Ȯϰ ˰ ִ ڸ    ̿ϼ.  ۿ 
 ɿ   ٷ ʰڽϴ.
5.    Ŀ make xconfig    Save  & Exit 
ư   ġø ˴ϴ. Ŀ Ͽ ؼ  ڼ 
 е Ȩ  Ͻʽÿ.
6. Ŀ        make dep; make  clean; 
make zlilo    ø ˴ϴ.     ϼ̴ٸ  make 
modules; make modules_install ɵ make zlilo    Ŀ  
ø ˴ϴ. make zlilo ɿ Ŀ ʹ ũٰ  make bzlilo 
Ͻø ˴ϴ.
7.  ܰ踦 ϼ̴ٸ ý  ٽ Ͽ ο Ŀ 
̿Ͻø ˴ϴ. Ŀ    Ǿٸ   Ŀ IP 
forwarding/masquerading  Ե Ŀ  Դϴ!( : Ŀ
   ð ϸ   ۾ ƴϴ. Ŀ 
 غ ʾҴٸ    븸δ ʹ ϴ ٸ   
  о ٶ.  Ŀ  Ͽ о ͵ 
 ̴. http://kldp.linux-kr.org  Ǵ http://www.postech.ac.kr/~cessi/
 ѱ۷   Ŀ Ͽ   ִ.)


IP Forwarding ȭ ϱ

  ܰ IP  forwarding  ϴ Դϴ.  IP forwarding  
ſ     ִµ,   ͳ ȭ Ʈ
 θ ϰ Ѵٸ, ̴ Ʈũ  Ŷ ppp 
   ֵ  ָ ǹǷ ״  ʽϴ.
̷       ִٴ    νʽÿ. 
ȿ    оñ⸦ մϴ. SATAN α׷  
ðų,   Ǹ غô ͵  ̴ϴ.   
ó ִ ISP κ ̾  񽺸 ޴ Ȳ̶ бο 
̾ 񽺸 ޴ ͺٴ ŷ      Դϴ. 
л  Ǹ  Ŀ  ƴ  95 
ڵ麸ٴ ȣɵ ϱ  Ȼ  ൿ    
ֱ .   ó  ð   ؼ 
 ˾ƺô  ϴ.
ipfwadm Ű 켱 ġϽʽÿ. ̹  Ű ġϿ, Ŀ 
 Ŷ  Ѵٸ غ   Դϴ.  ܰ Ѿ
ø .    ϽŴٸ   Ű RPMS 丮 
ֽϴ. /etc/sysconfig/network   ϴ  ͵   ʽÿ. 
FORWARD_IPV4   ִ  FORWARD_IPV4=true  ٲپ 
ֽʽÿ.   ⺻ TCP/IP  Ű  α׷  
ֽϴ.  TCP/IP Ű  ġϼ̴ٸ ipfwadm α׷ 
Բ ġϽ ̴ϴ.  ʿϴٸ ҽ ڵ嵵   ֱ.
ϴ  Ű ġϽ Ŀ  ߰.  Ʈ
ũ 󸶳 ϰ ȣ ΰ    帮 
 ݾ ٲپ ϼž մϴ.     ϴ.  
ȭ Ŷ  õ ̺ 켱  ʱȭϰ Ŷ 
ַ  , 㰡ַ    ⺻ ħ
  Ŀ ٸ Ʈũ  ̽ ̿  Ŷ   
ΰ ؼ  ־ մϴ.     ũƮ  
    ⺻  Ŷ 㰡ϵ  ݴϴ. 

#!/bin/sh
ipfwadm -F -f
ipfwadm -F -p accept
ipfwadm -F -a m -S 192.168.1.0/24 -D 0.0.0.0/0

ipfwadm -F -l -n  ָ IP   Ȯ  ֽϴ.  
Ѵٸ   ǰ.

IP firewall forward rules, default policy: accept
type    prot    source           destination      ports
acc/m   all     192.168.1.0/24    0.0.0.0/0         n/a

̰ 츮  Ʈũ ͼ  츮  Ʈũ ƴ  ٸ 
  ϴ  Ŷ   شٴ Դϴ.   
ߴ ɿ -e ɼ ٿ ϸ  ڼ   ֽϴ. 
    µ. , 132ڸ  ȭ鿡 Ÿ  
    ų  ֽϴ.

IP firewall forward rules, default policy: accept
pkts    bytes   type    prot     opt     tosa    tosx    ifname 
ifaddress        source destination       ports
113     9452    acc/m   all     ----    0xFF   0x00    any     any
        192.168.1.0/24    anywhere       n/a

 츮 IP  ƹ ϴ   ũƮ ۼ
Ͽ  ȭ   ְ Ǿϴ.
ipfwadm Ŵ  о -W ɼ   Դϴ. 
 ״  ʰ,  Ʈũ ڸ   ִ ȯ
̶ -W ɼ ʿ ʽϴ. ֳϸ  е  
̽  Ŷ    ֵ ϰ ; ̱ .
׷  Ư ̽ Ŷ  ϰ ϰ  
 -W ɼ Ȼ ؾ  𸨴ϴ.


pppd ϱ

츮 ؾ Ǵ ù °  pppd  ϴ Դϴ. ֳϸ, 
 diald     Ⱑ  Դϴ. ̰  ϱ ؼ 
츮 ISP  ġִ chat  ũƮ ۼϱ⸦ Ѵ. 
 ó "chat"    (man page) о  
ϴ. ⿡  ϴ chat ũƮ   ֽϴ.

REPORT CONNECT   ABORT BUSY   '' atdt5551212  CONNECT  '' 
:tkunz : PaSsWoRd
action ppp

 κ :
  ƹ ͵ Ǿ  ̴. ׸ ׷  
  ATDT5551212  ȭ   ɱ    .  Ǵ  ڿ 
CONNECT̴.  ڿ CONNECT ´ٸ,  ũƮ 
Ǿ. ׸  α׷ ӷ   ڿ "CONNECT"
  Ͽ  ̴.

ó,  ũƮ ̾  ߸ ִ ϱ ؼ 
߿ мǾ   Ͽ CONNECT Ŀ  ǵ
ִ    Դϴ. ABORT   ڿ̳   ǵ 
"BUSY" ڿ  ũƮ ϶ Դϴ.    
ũƮ ȭȣ 555-1212  ȭ  ̴ϴ. κ 
 CONNECT  ޽  ٸϴ. ׷   װ ݷ(:) 
ٸ ̰, "tkunz"  Դϴ.  ,  ٸ ݷ(:) 
 ̰, "PsSsWoRd"  Դϴ. ڿ "action" κ 
޾ , "ppp" ϰ, chat ũƮ ˴ϴ. ׷  chat 
  װ  ҷ  α׷  ư  Դϴ.   ׷  
"REPORT"  üũ ʿ䰡 ٸ, ⿡   ٸ  ũ
Ʈ ֽϴ. ⼭ 츮 busy ȣ     ʽ
.

atz OK atdt5551212  CONNECT name: tkunz  work: PaSsWoRd action: 
ppp

̰   ,  ó "atz" ν   ʱȭմ
. ׸  ݷ ٸ  ſ, "tkunz" "PaSsWoRd"  
    "name:" "word:" ٸ Դϴ.
   ̷    ¥  ũƮ  ISP
 α  ڵȭϴµ Ǿ  ֽϴ.
pppd  ϱ  chat  մϴ. ׷  chat   , 
pppd    ϰ, װ   IP ּҸ 
ϴ. ׷  pppd    Ȯϱ   ٸ  
 ϴ.
ũƮ PPP  ϴ ó ̰  ϴ  п 
ֱ ؼ ⿡    ISP PPP  Ű   ַ 
ϴ Ѱ  ֽϴ.
"startppp"  丮 ִ   

#!/bin/sh
/usr/sbin/pppd /dev/cua3 115200 connect 'chat -f /etc/ppp/chatscript'
defaultroute crtscts proxyarp passive

Դϴ.
̰  33.6kbps  115200 ӵ ٷ  ְ /dev/cua3(
 COM4) ġϰ ִٰ pppd  ˷ݴϴ.  "connect" 
  ȣƮ pppd  ɾμ  ִ ڿ 
ϵ ˷ݴϴ.

α׷ӵ鿡 ˸ : pppd  "connect" ɼǿ  ƯȭǾ 
ɾ stdin stdout  װ stdin stdout  Ѵ. ̰ chat 
  𵩿 ۵ ʴ´ٸ ˾Ƶθ . PCMCIA 
   ǥ     ۵   ִ. ׷
  "expect"  ٸ ؽƮ ƿƼ   ϴ  ũ
Ʈ ⸦ ؾ߸ Ѵ. chat  üϴ    
ȭ stdin stdout ϴ  䱸ȴ. ׷   0  
ν  .  ڵ忡 Ͽ   ˰ ʹٸ "chat"   
   õѴ. 

"defaultroute"  ɼ pppd        κе ʱ 
Ʈ   ϱ ؼ   ̺  ϵ մϴ. 
"crtscts" ɼ pppd  ϵ 帧  ϵ ϸ ݵ
 9600 baudٴ  մϴ. "proxyarp" ARP ǥ    
ý   ARP  Ʈ ϵ   մϴ. "passive" ɼ 
pppd  ISPκ LCP Ŷ    ٸ մϴ.  
     ٸ   ISP pppd   ۵ϰ ϱ    "magic 
ingredient"     ߽߰ϴ.    "startppp"     "chat"     
/etc/ppp/chatscript  

REPORT CONNECT  ABORT BUSY  '' atdt5551212   CONNECT '' : 
tkunz : PaSsWoRd
action ppp

Դϴ.
α , н, /etc/ppp/chatscript  ִ ˸   Էϰ 
ppp  õؼ    Ͼ 캸ʽÿ.  PPP 
 ϱ ؼ Ư ɼǵ ִ  Ϸ,  
ISP   ʿ䰡  𸨴ϴ.   ũƮ õ
, ׷     Ͼ 캸 /var/log/messages 
  ˴ϴ.   Ѵٸ ϴ  ޽ 
ϱ ؼ /etc/syslog.conf   ʿ䰡 ֽϴ.  
   /etc/syslog.conf  ణ ߽ϴ.

#/etc/syslog.conf
#Very Important! All whitespace are TABs, not " " (space) characters!
#
*.=info;*.=notice                                 /var/log/messages
*.=debug                                                 
/var/log/debug
*.warn                                                   
/var/log/syslog

̷ syslog.conf       /var/log/messages, /var/log/debug, 
/var/log/syslog "touch" մϴ.  ׷  syslog  ٽ ϰ, 
޽ ֽϽʽÿ. ,     ʾƼ  syslogd 
̻ϰ ۵  ֽϴ. ׷   syslogd  ϴ 
ͺ  ϴ   ϴ. 
ϴ  syslogd  ƴٸ,    "startppp"
   ٸ â̳,  ַܼ pppd   Ѻ  ֽ
ϴ.   Ʈ      "tail   -f/var/log/messages"   ָ   
/var/log/messages µǴ ޽  ȭ     Դϴ. 
  ũƮ   ϴ Ϳ  ۵  PPP  
  ֽϴ.    Ư LCP IPCP ɼ 
⿡ ʿϴٸ,  ISP ˵ ˷  Ǵٴ  ˷ְ 
ͽϴ.


diald 

 startppp ؼ  ISP PPP  Ģ 
ȭ  ־ϴ.    IP  Ģ  
ٸ Ʈũ ִ ٸ ӽκ ͳݻ󿡼 ׿   ٸ 
͵   ־ϴ. diald  ȭ ڷμ , ̰
   Ʈũ ͳ  ϴ    
  ISP ȭ ɾ,  ݴϴ.
켱 ˾ƾ   츮 õ pppd chat Ͽ ϴ  
 ٲ߸ Ѵٴ Դϴ.  pppd   ܿ  ũ
Ʈ 츮 pppd  ߾߸  ߽ϴ. ׷  "connect"
  ߽ϴ. ,  pppd  츮  ɾ Էϴ ɼǿ 
 ٸ ˴ϴ. diald  츮 pppd   ٷ 
  ͵ ٷ ִٴ  νؾ ˴ϴ. ̷  
  pppd   ̾ ũƮ ɼǵ 
ϰ ֽϴ. pppd  ƴ϶ diald  ̷  մϴ.
diald  ϴ   ̽  sl0  Դϴ. ׷ ̰
 slip ̽ ϴ. 츮  sl0 192.168.0.1̶ IP ּҸ 
Ҵϰ,  slip ̽   192.168.0.2  Ҵմ
. ׷ , װ  Ʈũ ġ   Ʈ 
  sl0 ϴ. diald  sl0  Ŷ ߰   
Ŷ ͳ  ǰ ȭ  ɱ  ؾ Ѵٴ   
˰ ˴ϴ. ׷Ƿ, Ʈũ  ӽŵ  ϳ  ߻ 
Ŷ  Ʈ̷  Դϴ. IP    ġ ࿡ 
װ͵  Ʈũ   ʾҴٸ, sl0  ̽ 
װ͵  Դϴ. ׷   diald   ӹ ϼϰ, ũ 
  ȭ ɱ  pppd  Դϴ.
diald      diald ġ   ý
ۿ ġ  Դϴ. ࿡  װ͵ д´ٸ Ƹ   
  ڽŸ Ȳ ߰ Դϴ. ׷  
κ װ Ƹ "A Leaf Node with Dynamic Local Address using 
PPP" ̸ ܶ ٴ      Դϴ.    
 Ȳ  diald  5 ִ   Դϴ.

mode ppp
connect /etc/diald/connect
device /dev/ttyS1
speed 115200
modem
lock
crtscts
local 192.168.0.1
remote 192.168.0.2
dynamic
defaultroute
include /usr/lib/diald/standard.filter

ϱ ؼ   /etc/diald.conf   ־ ˴ϴ. 츮
 ⿡  ɼǵ ߰ų Դϴ. diald  route, ifconfig, 
pppd  ܺα׷  ʿմϴ. pppd, ifconfig,  route  ʱ 
  ϴ.

/usr/sbin/pppd
/sbin/ifconfig
/sbin/route

࿡   α׷   ο ġ ʾҴٸ ũ
  ְų Űֱ ٶϴ.
 /etc/diald.conf   ô. 츮 "pppd ϱ" chat 
ũƮ ϴ. ̰ ̿ 츮 "connect ...", "device ...", 
"speed ..."  ϴ   Դϴ.  ࿡  
 "pppd ϱ" Ȯ ߰  33.6kbps  COM4 ִ
   dial.conf    Դϴ.

mode ppp
connect "chat -f /etc/ppp/chatscript"
device /dev/cua3
speed 115200
modem
lock
crtscts
local 192.168.0.1
remote 192.168.0.2
dynamic
defaultroute
include /usr/lib/diald/standard.filter

࿡  28.8kbps, 33.6kbps, 56kbps  Ѵٸ "speed ..."
κ    ٶϴ. ࿡   14.4kbps  Ѵٸ 
 "speed 57600"   ˴ϴ.  COM Ʈ  
ߴ Ȯؾ ˴ϴ.  COM Ʈ 1 ϰ н
 0 մϴ.
diald.conf Ͽ ִ   ɼǵ  pppd  ִ ͵Դ
. diald    ϸ ̷ ɼǵ pppd    
 Ǿ   ֽϴ. "startppp"  ũƮ 츮   "... defaultroute 
crtscts proxyarp passive"   ɼ ߾ϴ.  ̹ 
pppd ſ diald  װ ؼմϴ. ׷Ƿ 츮 Ʒ  
 diald.conf    ֽϴ.

mode ppp
connect "chat -f /etc/ppp/chatscript"
device /dev/cua3
speed 115200
modem
lock
crtscts
local 192.168.0.1
remote 192.168.0.2
dynamic
defaultroute
proxyarp
include /usr/lib/diald/standard.filter

࿡ ISP  ϱ  "passive"ɼ pppd   
Ѵٸ 츮       ֽϴ.

pppd-options passive

  diald.conf  ϸ  ISP     
ϴ. ࿡   ʴ´ٸ ISP    ٶϴ.
⼭  /var/log/messages  Ȯ   ˴ϴ. diald  
۵   ͳ  ٸ  Ŷ    ־ 
˴ϴ. ࿡    ʴ´ٸ ٽ  鼭  ߸  ãƺ 
ٶϴ.


ŸӾƿ  û ϱ

diald        Ǿ ִ ˻ 
 ִ Ͱ ڰ Ư ðŭ  ڿ  PPP  Ű
 Դϴ. ࿡   ȭ  ϳ ְ ȭ۾ 
 ϴ 쿡   ֿ Դϴ. ׸  ڰ 
 ϰ  ۾  ڵ   ȭ 
     Դϴ.
ISP  ϰ  ̸ н带 Էϴµ ɸ ð 60
ʰ  Ѵ´ٸ  Ͽ    ־ ִ  
ϴ.

connect-timeout 120

Ǵ  ȭ 10 ٽ ɰ ȭ Ŵ   15ʷ 
 ʹٸ    ־ ִ  ϴ.

retry-count 10
redial-timeout 15

  diald  ִ ٸ  ɼǵ   ϰ
;  Դϴ.   , "two-way" Դϴ. ̰  diald  
 Ǿ  ٽ  ʵ մϴ. ׷   
 鿡 ұ? ࿡ Ͱ   ࿡  
 ISP   PPP    ϰ ;   ϸ 
diald  ISP  ȭ ٽ   Դϴ.   ISP  
  ǾĿ   ٸ  ɼ  ʿ䰡  
Դϴ.
࿡  ȭ ӵǾ ִ ð   ˰ ʹٸ 
"accounting-log ..."ɼ ̿ؼ     ֽϴ. "accounting-log" 
Ű  ӵǰ  Ǿ ϴ  
Դϴ.
daild      ɼǿ    ֽϴ.   
    д   õմϴ. diald    
     ϴ  ɵ    Դ
.


 α׷

  Ʈũ   ̵   ֽϴ.  Ʈ, 
ͳ ͽη, Ʒ, , Ȥ   ٸ  ؼ 
ͳ ٸ    ֽϴ. ׷,      
Ʈ̰   ۵ϴ ϱ?  ϰ ִ ϱ?
   Ʈũ  ִ α׷    
  Ҵ 캸ƾ  մϴ.      ߿  
  Ŭ̾Ʈ  Դϴ.    Ŭ
Ʈ    ִ ˾ƺ ߴٸ  α׷  
Ʈ̸ ؼ Ŷ  Դϴ. ̰ ͳ  Ǿ
      Ŭ̾Ʈ    Ʈũ 
 쿡 ġ ʰ Ʈ̰ ۵ϰ ˴ϴ. ̰ 
̳ 繫ǿ ¥ Դϴ.    Ƴ ȭ  
  ̷   Ʈ̰  ܺη ȭ ɾ     
ֽϴ. (  Ƴ ϰ,  Ƽ  ϴ.)
  ذϱ ؼ  ؾߵ  繫 (Ȥ 
)  Ŭ̾Ʈ ۾     α׷  
Ű ϴ Դϴ. ׸ ׵鿡  Ŭ̾Ʈ ִ 
  üũϴ ɼ  ˷ ˴ϴ. Ư ISP 
  ΰѴٸ ̰ ſ ߿մϴ.
 Ǵ ٸ Ѱ   Ʈũ ִ н ȣ
Ʈ /etc/resolv.conf Դϴ.   Ӽ  ܺ Ʈũ 
ִ ȣƮ   ʾҴ Ȯؾ ˴ϴ. ׸ ȣƮ 
޴  α׷ ߿ Ʈ̰ ܺη ȭ ɰ ϴ Ŷ 
߻ϴ   ˴ϴ.   ̿       
Ʈũ ִ    ȣƮ   ȣƮ   н  ȣƮ 
/etc/hosts Ͽ ־ ִ  ʿմϴ. ࿡   Ʈ
ũ  ũٸ   Ʈũ Ӽ  ϳ 
ϴ ͵     ֽϴ.  Ʈũ ִ Ӽ 
  ִ    ̰ ܺ Ʈũ   ӵ 
Ϻ ĳ ؼ   ϰ ֱ    ȿ  ֽϴ. 
࿡  sendmail   Ʈũ ϰ    
ܺη    Ʈ̰ ISP   ȭ Ŵ  
  Դϴ.   ISP  Ǿ     
ٷȴٰ ѹ ϴ   Դϴ.
   Ʈũ ִ   α׷ ȯ漳 
ؼ ڼ ϰ  ʽϴ.       
 Ʈũ α׷   Ʈũ ġ   α׷ 
ϴ      ذϴµ   Դϴ. 
࿡  Ʈũ Ը  Ŀ   ϱ 
        ȯ    ˴ϴ(ISDN,   T1, T3, 
OC3,etc.) diald 쿡  ISDN    ۵ Ʈũ 
Ը Ŀ ׻ ܺο Ǿִ ȯ ٲִ   
ϴ.




 Ʈũ diald  ̿ؼ  ȯ ϴ   Ʈ
ũ 󸶳 ϳĿ ޷ ֽϴ. ׷ ࿡  Ѵٸ 
  ؼ  Ʈũ  ϴ   ۵
    Դϴ.       Ʈũ 
ϴ Ͱ ǿ뼺  ǹ  Դϴ.   ׿   
   Ȯ  Ʈũ 2~8  ӽ ְ 
  ,  Ŭ̾Ʈ,      α׷  ġǾ 
 28.8kbps ε       ϴٴ Դϴ. 
  쿡 33.6kbps  ϰ  ISP    
28.8kbps ӵ ɴϴ. װ  ִ  ȭ Դ
.   2~3  ӽ  ÿ  ͳ  ص 
 ӵ   ־ϴ. ࿡  ӵ   
  ִٸ 56kbps ġϰ ISP ϴ 56kbpsȸ
  ؾ  Դϴ.  迡 ߾   diald  56kbps
 ص ū  ϴ.

:  ( ѱ۹ Ʈ )
http://kldp.linux-kr.org, cessi@kldp.linux-kr.org

10Ʈ¥ 

  ڸ  vim
Date: Mon, 5 Jan 1998 23:07:20 +0100
From: Sven Guckes guckes@math.fu-berlin.de

  (pico)͸ ϴ   vim( : vi 
 Ȯ)     ״ ϰ  ϰ ִ  
   Ϳ    ^J(control-j)Ű  
   ִµ  vim ̷ ϴ  ſ ƴٴ 
   Ѱ  ƴұ մϴ. vim    
 ڽ Ȩ 丮 Ʒ .vimrc   Ͽ  ־  
  ̿  ִϴ.

nmap <C-J> vipgq
nmap <C-J> gq

vim ؼ  ˰    Ȩ ϼ.

http://www.vim.org              vim Ȩ
http://www.vim.org/faq          vim  FAQ
http://www.vim.org/answ.html    vim 뿡   

׸  vim  viŬ ̿ϴ     Ȩ
 鷯 ø   ֽϴ.

http://www.vim.org/why.html

( : ¥  5.0 ѱȭ pico Ͱ ġȴ.)

ο   
Date: Wed, 07 Jan 1998 01:27:09 +0000
From: Michael Katz-Hyman mkatshym@erols.com

ο     Ű scroll lock Ű  ¦Ÿ  ְ 
 ݴϴ.

------------------------------------------------------------
-- 

#!/bin/bash
#
# Keyboard blinky thingy when you have new mail, sleeps 5 minutes if 
you don't
#
# Michael  Katz-Hyman  (mkatshym@erols.com) running   Linux 2.0.33 
Red Hat 4.0

Mail_File = "/var/spool/mail/mkatshym"

# The static file  is used to make  the script a daemon  (I just test to 
see if  /bin/bash is present :- )

Static_File="/bin/bash"

LED_SET_COMMAND_ON = "/usr/bin/setleds +scroll"

LED_SET_COMMAND_OFF = "/usr/bin/setleds -scroll"

Sleep_Command = "/bin/sleep 2m"


# O.k. lets get started

while [ -e $Static_File ]; do
        while [ -s  $Mail_File ]; do

                $LED_SET_COMMAND_ON
                $LED_SET_COMMAND_OFF
        done

        if [ ! -sMail_FIle ]; then

                  /bin/sleep 5m
        fi
done

------------------------------------------------------------
------ 


 
Date: Wed, 7 Jan 1998 09:48:10 -0600 (CST)
From: Mike Hammel mhammel@stassw10

> 5.0 ġϰ  sndconfig  ̿ؼ ī带 
ϴ.    Ǿ Linus   ϴ 
  ϱ    ְ Ǿµ   ķ ٸ Ҹ 
  . 尡 ԵǾ ִ  Ʈ  ƹ Ҹ
  ʴµ  ϸ ?

켱, cat file > /dev/audio   . file    
ϸ Ÿϴ.  ̷ ؼ Ҹ  ٸ װ   
Դϴ.     ߸ߴٴ  . ݽ
 ϽŴٸ Preferences->Netscape->Applications   ż 
   ˿ ´ α׷   ּž մϴ. cat 
 auϿ      wavϿ     Դϴ. 
Linux Applications and Utilities Page ðų Linux Midi and Sound 
Page  ż     α׷  ãƺ.  
  Ʈ ҽ  Ʈ Ұ  ũ Ǿ 
ֽϴ. 
http://www.linuxresources.com/apps.html

̳ʸ  ȭ鿡 ϱ
Date: Wed, 7 Jan 1998 14:56:05 -0500
From: Sylvain Falardeau sfalardeau@clic.net 

̳ʸ Ͽ cat̳ grep  ɾ ̿ϴ    ڵ 
 ͹̳  Ǵ 찡 ֽϴ.
cat -v ̿ϸ ̷   ذ  ִϴ.

perl html
Date: Thu, 08 Jan 1998 16:58:44 +0000
From: Carl Mark Windsor mbdtscw@cerberus.mcc.ac.uk 

Gabriele Giansante(gvsoft@madnet.it) ڿ ּҰ ߸Ǿ ִ 
  ⼭ ̾߱մϴ.

#!/usr/local/bin/perl     ũƮ  Ÿϴ. ׷
 ݽ     ȶ  ƴ϶   
   ֽϴ.
Options/General Preferences/Helpers  ż     
 ֽðų   ־ մϴ.

Description:     Perl Script
Type:           application/perl
Suffix:          pl

Application â   뵵 ߰ ־ մϴ.

Application:     /usr/bin/perl  <--perl ִ 丮)


update locate
Date: Sat, 10 Jan 1998 19:16:31 +0000
From: Joaquim Baptista px@helios.si.fct.unl.pt 

̳     updatedb Ű  ԵǾ ִµ  
Ű    α׷  ֽϴ.

updatedb: Ͻý ˻Ͽ  ϰ ִ ϵ  
ͺ̽ȭմϴ.  α׷   root    
ϴ.
locate: updatedb   ͺ̽ ̿Ͽ   ý 
  ġ  ãƳ  ְ մϴ.

 ޴   updatedb α׷    4 40п 
ǵ Ǿ ִٴ Դϴ. ׷    ڽ  ð 
     ͺ̽ ŵ ʰ,  locate 
 ֱ  ãƳ Ѵٴ Դϴ.
ذ  ״  ʴ.  ͺ̽ ϴ  
ϵ ũ  ＼ؾ ϰ ð  ɸ.
 س   ð  ũƮ ۵ϰ ؼ 
̽ 24ð ̻ ŵ ʰ    ͺ̽ ϵ 
ϴ Դϴ.
  ũƮ run-updatedb  ̸ٿϴ.

#!/bin/sh
/usr/bin/find /var/spool/locate/locatedb -mtime +1 -exec \
    /usr/bin/updatedb \
    --prunepaths='/tmp   /usr/tmp  /var/tmp   /mnt   /cdrom   /floppy 
/var/spool' \;

׸ crontab  ľ .   4 40п updatedb 
ϵ  κ     ־ϴ.

0 * * * *   /usr/local/sbin/run-updatedb 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null


 ̸  ֱ
Date: Tue, 13 Jan 1998 18:16:48 -0800 (PST)
From: Mark Lundeberg ae885@pgfn.bc.ca 

95/NT  ̸  ̸麸  ٰ 
Ŵٸ ٽѹ  ƾ Դϴ. bash(̰ csh 
 Դϴٸ ׽Ʈغ ʾҽϴ.) "  ϸ ˴ϴ.  
 .

cat "test" > "spaced name"

 ls Ȯ ø  ̸    ִ  
ð ɰ̴ϴ! ̷ ؼ  򸮰   .   
غ.

echo "HI" > "test "

,    ls  ̴  "test"  ϸ(vi  test 
)    ʰ ο    Դϴ. 

PS: ext2  ýۿ ϸ 255ڱ   ֽϴ.


Linux and Routing
ate: Sat, 17 Jan 1998 11:02:43 -0800
From: James C. Carr jccarr@nwlink.com 

 ͳ ̸  ִ      ̹  
 𸣰ڴµ,  亯  Ȯġ  ʾƼ  ѹ ̾
 ڽϴ. ,    Ͽ Linux Gazette  ÷
ϴ  ٸ    ؼ  ̾߱⸦   
쿡 ϱ ؼԴϴ. :-)     Linux Journal 43ȣ 
̹   ǵǾ   ̱⵵  մϴ.         ̾߱   "IP 
Masquerading Code Follow-Up" 簡  ٰ  ǰ. ϴ   
 ϰ ִ  켱   .
( : IP Masquerading ϳ  IP 巹 ̿Ͽ    
ǻͰ ͳ  ̿  ְ մϴ.   , CO-lan 
    ϳ    ̻ ǻͰ ͳ 
  ְ Ϸ   IP Masquerading  ̿Ͽ   ӵǾ 
ִ ǻͰ ƴ ٸ ǻ͵  ͳݿ ӵǾ ִ ǻ
   Ʈ̷   Ͽ   ͳݿ         ְ   մϴ. 
Masquerading̶  ״  ٴ μ  IPŶ Ʈ
̸ Ͽ ϴ ( Ʈ)  ޵ǵ ݴϴ.)
 
LAN      ͳ   ̸      ̿ؼ   Ϸ   IP 
Masquerading  ϵ Ŀ ٽ   ־ մϴ.  
ȭ ̿Ͽ    ְڽϴٸ,   ؼ
    .    Ŀ  2.0.30϶ Ŀ
 Ͻÿ Code Maturity Level ɼǵ  ־ մϴ.

 ο Ŀ ġϰ  Ŀ ipfwadm ؼ ġϼž 
ϴ.  α׷  1.3.1  ġÿ ⺻  , 
 쿡      Դϴ. 켱     
ݴϴ.

/sbin/ipfwadm -F -p deny

-F  ipfwadm α׷ٰ   IP   ٲٰڴٰ ˷
 Դϴ.
-p  ipfwadm α׷ٰ   ִ Ŷ鿡  
 źϰ ʹٰ ˷ִ Դϴ.

 迡 ϸ  ɼ ص ĺ      
־µ Ƹ ũμƮ ִ  ƴѰ մϴ. 
:-)

/sbin/ipfwadm -F -a m -S 192.168.0.0/24 -D 0.0.0/0

-F   帰 Ͱ ϴ.
-a          ߰Ѵٴ   ǹ̷μ      m   
Masquerading  ǹմϴ.
-S  192.168.0.*  IP ּҸ   ǻ͵ masquerading ϰڴ
 ˷ִ Դϴ.   ּҴ  ȣƮ  Ÿ ּ̹Ƿ 
LANȿ ϴ  ȣƮ鿡 ؼ   .
-D  Ŷ  0.0.0.0 ϰڴٴ ǹ̷μ PPP Ʈ Ʈ
 Ʈ ּҸ Ÿϴ.

/sbin/ipfwadm -F -l -n

 ݱ   ͵ ϴ  ۵ǰ ִ 캾
.

-l  IPŶ  å  Ÿ մϴ.
-n   ڷ Ÿ մϴ.

  ̷   ڸ  켱     ǻ͵   IP  巹 
192.168.0.*  ּҷ  ־ մϴ.   Ʈ ǻ
 ּҸ 192.168.0.1     ξ,    192.168.0.2, 
192.168.0.3.... Ͽϴ. masquerade   ǻ͵ ⺻ 
Ʈ̸  ؾ Ѵٴ   ʾƵ  ˰. 

   ڼ ̾߱ Chris Kostick Linux Journal 1997 
11ȣ  "IP Masquerading  Code Follow-Up" 縦 о  ñ 
ٶϴ.    뵵 ٷ   ƴ϶ ipfwadm  
  κб  ٷ  ֽϴ.    簡  ٸ     
ipfwadm    Դϴ. :-)


Linux and Routing 2
Date: Tue, 6 Jan 1998 13:25:57 -0500 (EST)
From: Paul Lussier, plussier@LanCity.COM 

>  뿪 ̿ϱ ؼ  ̺   
Դϴ. ׷      LAN(  : LAN  
ݿ   ʾƵ         ̹ 
  ص LAN ӵǾ ִ   ǻ͵ ̺ 
  ͳݿ ִ    ǻ͸ Ͽ ÿ  ͳݿ 
ϰ ϰ ;ϴ ̴.) ͳݿ   ְ ϰ ͽ
.  ϸ ̴ ؼ   ִ  ǻ͵ 
̺    IP巹  ο     ǻ͸ 
̿Ͽ ͳݿ   ְ   ?

    Ʈũ   뿪 ο ٹϴ   
   ̱.

켱  ؼ ˾Ƶξ  ,     ̿
 ϴ  ƴ϶ IP /IP masquerading  ̿ϰ ;Ѵٴ 
Դϴ. 켱    HOWTO( : IP masquerading 
HOWTO http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/mini/IP-Masquerade.html 
 ִ.) о 帮 ͱ. ⺻δ  Ʈũ 
 ̵/ ý  ̵嵵  о ξ ϰڱ. 
ٸ  μ   ͵ ֽϴ.

The NET-2/3 HOWTO
The Ethernet HOWTO
The Multiple Ethernet Mini HOWTO
Networking with Linux

Firewall HOWTO Proxy Server HOWTO     
ϴ.(    :    NET-2/3     HOWTO    Firewall    HOWTO 
http://kldp.linux-kr.org  http://www.postech.ac.kr/~cessi   ѱ 
    ִ.) ֳϸ    ϴ  ܺο
  LAN    , ο  ܺη ϱ 
ؼ Ͻ  ̿ϵ ϴ ̱ Դϴ.

׷ ؾ     ֽϴ. "  ̺  ġϴ 
߿        ġص   LAN     ʽÿ!!!" 
MeaiaOne, Cablevision, Time Warner  κ ̺   ȸ
 ڱ׵ 뿪 Ʈũ  ϴ   ʱ 
Դϴ. ̺  ġϷ       
̺  ʴ   ġΰ ׻ ϴ    
 μ.  ,  ۾   ׻ ǵư    
ϼ. :-)

  ̴ ī尡 ʿ Դϴ.   ̺  
ؼ,       ؼ. ̺ ȸ翡     ׳ 
ġ ̴, װ ׻鿡  ޶ ϰ,     
ϼ.

̺  δ   ƴմϴ. װ ̴ 긮.  ۵ 
  ϴ. ̺   ġǾ ִ  ý  
bootp û ̺  ȸ ߾  ûϿ  IP巹 
ް ̺ 𵩿  ̴ ī嵵 IP巹 Ҵް . 
,  ̺    ܺηκ    źϰ, 
ܺη  Ӹ ϵ Ͻ  ȭ  ؾ 
̴ϴ. ׷    Ǿ  ִ ǻ͵ Ͻ 
 ̿Ҽ ְ  IP /masquerading  ξ Ѵٴ 
ϴ. 

̺ 𵩰 ̺  ȸ鿡    ˾Ƶ   ֽ
.

1. ̺  ؼ  /̿  ̺  ȸ 
 ٶ ʽÿ. ׵ ׷ ̿ϴ  ġ ,  ַ
   ̴ϴ.
2.    ʽÿ. ҿ ϴ.  ̿ϰ ִ 
۵ Ŭ̾Ʈ  ƴմϴ.
3.     ̺/뿪 Ʈũ ȣմϴ. 
뿪 Ʈũ ϴ ý۵     ̿  
 ׸Ͽ ȸ  㰡 ϴ  °  ֽϴ. 
ȭ ߸ Ͽ ̺   ܺηκ   ص 
° Ǹ     ̺/뿪 Ʈũ ߿ 
ܺηκ  ϴ Ͻ  ȭ  ãƳ(ַ 
95/NT)  ý ̺/뿪 Ʈũ üٰ  
 Ѹ  ̿մϴ.   Ѹ   Ǵ  . 
 ȸ  ѹ ݴϴٸ ƹ   񽺸 
  쵵 ϴ.
4.  ǵǰ ִ   Ʈũ LANcity   1 MAC 
巹 Ӹ մϴ. ̰    ؼ   ּ 
ÿ    ٴ  ̾߱. Ʈ   16 
MAC巹  ϰ     ȸ   ؾ 
մϴٸ ̴ ġ ϸ ׷ ʿ䰡 . :-)
5.  Ǹŵǰ ִ 𵩵  10MBPS  ӵ մ
. ׷  300KBPS  ӵۿ   .   ӵ 
Ѵٸ ȸ ̰   ݾ û ̴ϴ. :-)

Printing Problems
Date: Sat, 31 Jan 1998 20:09:18 +0100 (MET)
From: Roland Smith, rsmith06@ibm.net 

>  ּ. lpr ۵Ű ϴµ  Ź  ӽ 
 ã  .   ,  ؾ ϴ    
ּ.

LPRng Ͻô  . ̰ Ʈ ȯ濡  lpr 
. bsdlpr ãƼ ġϽø ˴ϴ.

Re: 386ǻ ϱ
Date: Sat, 31 Jan 1998 20:13:09 +0100 (MET)
From: Roland Smith, rsmith06@ibm.net 

> 386 25MHz¥  ǻ͸  Դµ   Ƽ 200MHz 
ӽ Ͽϴ.   ķ 386ǻʹ    ʾҴµ 
386ǻ͸ Ƽ ǻͿ   ִ   ֳ? ִٸ 
   ִ,  ؾ ϴ   ֽʽÿ.

 ̺ ؼ   ӽ Ͽ PLIP( : PLIP 
 ̺ ̿Ͽ    ǻ͸ ϴ ̴.) 
   Ʈũ   ˴ϴ. 386ӽſ  
  ,   ͹̳η ̿Ҽ  ̴ϴ.


The Answer Guy

LILO  ϰ  ٽ ġϱ

From: Stephen Britton, sbritton@westnet.com

: θԲ  4.1 ư ִ 486ǻ͸   
 Ͻʴϴ. ׷    ۿ 𸣰ŵ?  ϵ 
ũ ߴµ  LILO ִ      𸣰ڽϴ. c:\fdisk 
/mbr  ϸ ȴٴ ⸦  µ  ȵǴ±. ּ. 
  ֿ б ŵ!!

׷ ϸ  ɰ̴ϴ.  ɼ   5.0 Ұ Դϴ. ǥ
 ÿ 󿡴   ʾ, Ʈ ̷κ ý 
ϱ ؼ θ .

 װ  ȵȴٸ  ÷  ̿ؼ Ͻð 
 Ʈ ڴ Ƽ ̺ 0    ˴ϴ.(IDEý
 ù ° ϵũ   dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/hda ϸ  ǰ 
SCSIý ù ° ϵũ  ofκ hda sda ٲָ 
˴ϴ.)

׷   ġ  ϸ ϵ  ũ  ο(
͵   )  νϰ Ƽ Ҵϴ fdisk 
ϵ  Դϴ.
 ̷ ϸ ũ  Ͱ ư .   ̸ 
˰ ?

ƴϸ fdisk /mbr  ȵ  ϴ,  ȵǴ ˾Ƴ Ѵ.  
  ִ   5.0 ٸ  5.0̻  
 Ѵ.(Į µ ص ȴ.)( : Į µ 
http://www.caldera.com    ִ.) 95 ġ 
 ְڴ. 


ȥ  ý root ̿ϱ-׷  .

From: griffin@ameritech.net

: ȥڼ ϴ ý root ƴ Ϲ ڷ ̿ϴ  
  ֳ?

  Ϻ ̶ Ÿ Ǽ    ʰų, ߸ 
  ʰų, ߸ 丮     
ʴ ׷ ̶, ׸   ϴ  Ʈ鵵 "
" ͵̶, ׸   ٸ ʹ   ִ(
ڿ ּҵ , ׷쵵  ʰ, irc  ʴ) ׷ 
̶ ý root ̿  ְ.

   ͵  ϰ  ʴ´ٰų, ý
  ϴ   ʴ ׷ ̶ ׳ ϴ  
ξ ϴ.

׷ 츮   κ, ׷ .

root ƴ Ϲ ڷ ý ̿ϰ Ǹ    .

Ϲ  δ  ɾ  쿬 ý 
߿ ϵ ջų  ϴ.   ս  Ϲ 
  Ǽ  .   Nortom Computing(Dos Ų
    ϴ  ū ȸ)  ٹ  κ 쿬
 Ƿ ͸  쿴ϴ. н   ٸ  
 ȯ 쵵 ý ڰ ý Ĺ 찡  
ϴ.  ̷ 輺 ּȭϴ  Ÿ    
.
ܴ ϴ α׷(, δ  Ʈ 񸶳 ̷
 ) ٷ ý ϵ ջŰ ʽϴ. Ʈ
 ״  °    ս   ˴ϴ. Ʈ 񸶳 
̷ н 迡 ״   ʽϴ.(ֳϸ Ʈ
 κ ּ  ϵ ϱ.)  Ʈ
  Ư   ۵  ʿ䰡 ִٸ( rpm 
 ο Ʈ ġϰų ׷̵  ) κ 
 ̷ α׷ ׽Ʈ ӽſ  ϴ.
ܻ ߸  α׷̶   Ư ŷ  ݿ 
  ֽϴ.   write  ANSI Ἥ ſ 
ٸ(  Ű  ٲ  ), IRC Ư 
带 ̿Ѵٸ,  ̷  ϰ ; Դϴ.

 Ϲ ڷ ý ̿ϰ Ǹ "" Ұ ȴٴ 
 ֽϴ.   Ǵ Ų佺    ý  
 ̵   ϰ   ݽϱ.

 δ ̷     ִٰ մϴ.  
 ڰ  Ư    ׷쿡  ¿  ۵ϴ 
׷ ý մϴ. 

 ۾ Ư    °͵   ̴ϴ.  
  player  ̿ϰ ϴ .

ݽ  ڲ ״  ؼ......

From: Chris, colohan@cs.cmu.edu

: Linux Gazette 24ȣ  ݽ    ڲ ״ 
쿡 ؼ .netscape 丮   ذå ϳ 
ϼ̾µ  ׷   ޾.   캻 ٿ ϸ 
 丮 ׷   õ  ƹ ͵    . 
    üԴϴ. Ȩ丮 nsmail  丮   
ϵ ջǾ  ݽ  ϰ Ǵ 
. trash ʹ Ŀ ݽ  ۵ ʴ.

׷ Ѱ ذå  丮 ִ ϵ ٸ ٰ 
޾ ΰ nsmail 丮  ̴ϴ. ׷ ݽ ٽ 
丮  ̰     ۵ Դϴ.(  
ջǱ ) ϳ δ    ؼ ǽ 
 κ   .

Hylafax

by Dani Pardo

 ȸ Ʈũ  ӽ    , ׸  
3.1/95 Ŭ̾Ʈ Ǿ ֽϴ. Ŭ̾Ʈ   ں 
  α׷ ̿ϱ   ڳ մϴ. nfs 
ϴٰ samba ϸ鼭(ڵ ó  winpopup ߰  
󸶳 ־ߴ ѹ  .)  츮 ѽ α׷ 
ϱ Ծ.   þ  ־ϴ. ( ) 
н Ʈ, NT Ʈ, ׸  Ʈ.

NTƮ ״   ʾҰ, ༺    
ڸ  ؾ , õ ޷ 鿩 н ѽ  
ϰ  ʾҽϴ. samba  ϰ ϰ  ִ Ͷ, 츮 
hylafax ѹ   ߽ϴ.

Hylafax( flexfax.) Ǹ ׷Ƚ翡 , ҽ
 Բ Ǹ http://www.vix.com/hylafax     ֽϴ. 
ֽ  4.0p11. tiff ̺귯  ؾ մϴ.  ҽڵ
 ϼ̴ٸ  α׷ tiff  ̺귯 ϰ ġؾ 
մϴ.(tiff  g3 ѽ   ٲٱ  )  Ʈũ
Ʈ  Ͽ ƮũƮ g3  ٲ  ְ صξ մ
.  迡 ϸ,   ƮũƮ  ѽ
 ޾ƺ ϰ ʴٸ, ϴ   ִ ֽ  Ʈ
ũƮ Ͻʽÿ.

tiff ̺귯 ġ  hylafax  ϸ   
  /usr/local/ /var/spool/fax ġ˴ϴ.

ϴ ġ Ŀ  /usr/local/sbin/faxsetup  Ͽ  ý  
־  մϴ.    α׷  ѽ     ڸ ϸ 
/etc/services /etc/inetd.conf մϴ.(hylafax 4559 Ʈ 444
 Ʈ ̿մϴ.)      faxsetup  
 ϱ   faxaddmodem  Դϴ.  faxaddmodem  
     ְ ϸ    Ķ͵ ѱ,  
 ִ  ݴϴ.

Hylafax       ̷  ֽϴ. hfaxd(   ) 
hfaxq(ٷ) װ.  ٷ     
 ˼ ְ ϱ ؼ ѽ  ۵Ѿ մϴ.  
 ѽ   ְ صΰ ʹٸ  /var/spool/fax/incoming 
 ѽ  Ҽ ֵ ϱ ؼ faxgetty ؾ մϴ. 
̷  /etc/rc.d   ־ ־ ý  ýÿ ۵ǵ  
־ ϸ 4559 Ʈ ڳ ̿    Ǿ
 ˾ƺ  ֽϴ.

  α׷ ߿ sendfax ְ, ѽ ť Ȯ  
ִ  faxstat  job    faxrm   ֽϴ. Sendfax   faxq 
sendpage  ȣմϴ.  ƮũƮ ۵  ̹ 
ȯմϴ.    ַ ƮũƮ  ѽ ų,  Ϲ 
ascii ѽ   ˴ϴ. ٸ     
 /usr/local/fax/typerules  Ȯ  . ٸ ִ   
/var/spool/fax 丮 մϴ.    ۵ ʴ´ٸ 
켱 𵩺 üũ ʽÿ. ׸   ϱ ؼ 
crontab ̹  ѽ   faxqclean ־ ִ ͵ 
 Դϴ.

Ŭ̾Ʈ 

ϴ  hylafax ϰ ۵Ű  Ǿٸ  Ŭ̾
Ʈ  Դϴ. Ų ڸ  MacFlex ְ 
 ڸ  WinFlex ֽϴ. WinFlex Macflex  
ƮũƮ  ̹ ġ ݴϴ. ׷    
ͷ  찡  ȭȣ   ˴ϴ.  
 ť Ȯغ  ְ ׿ִ job  ֽϴ. ϴ 
ѽ  ڴ    Բ  ѽ ó
 ˸ ڿ ϳ ް ˴ϴ. Hylafax ڵ  
 Ҿ   ̶ մϴ.   ⿡  
    ￩  ̶   ֽϴ.

WinFlex  ַ̱  Ϻ ϰ, (  ̹
 ̽    Դϴ.) hylafax     
 ʴ.

  Ǿ  δ ڵ ǥ ִ  
 ذå ־ ϰڴٴ ̴ϴ.    ǥ ϵ 
 ؼ    .  ƮũƮ    
䱸ϴ.  ȸ翡 ᱹ ǥ Ϲ  μ 
   ̿  ְ ؼ װ  samba  丮
 ÷ ξϴ.

Let's Have a Fun

¥ ִ   ȸ μ Ư 䱸 ϰ   
 Ǿϴ.   ѽ ̿ؼ  ۾  ѽ ڵ
  ;߽ϴ.   ں α׷ ̿ؼ  
acsiiԴϴ. ׷   ȸ ΰ  ϰ  
Ʒκп Ư ڰ  Ѵٴ   ־ϴ. 
 ǥ  ͺ    ϴ. ׷ hylafax 
༺ п c α׷   ũƮ  ¥     
ϴ  ͸   ־ϴ.

*ascii Ϸκ ȭȣ ޾ƿ
*ascii   
*  pbm(portable bitmap) pbmplus Ű ̿ 
ȯ
*pbm Ǿִ ΰ   
*  ƮũƮ ̿ ƮũƮ ȯ
* ƮũƮ  ϳ Ƽ sendfax 



hylafax    ɵ ֱ  ٴϰ 
 ſ  ѽ ƮԴϴ. ſ  پϰ    
        ϸ ¥Դϴ.

ġ   ذ   ִ hylafaxϸƮ   ֽ
.  ٽѹ  Ʈ   ־.
