
                        The Linux Printing Usage HOWTO
                                       
ߣMark Komarinski <markk@auratek.com>
ߣƽ <tchao@worldnet.att.net>

   v1.2.2, 6 February 1998 ڣ2000110
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ˵ʹ Linux ϵͳṩĴӡϵͳ
     _________________________________________________________________
   
1. 

     * 1.1 Linux Printing HOWTO ļݱ
     * 1.2 汾ݱ
     * 1.3 Ȩ̱
     * 1.4  Linux Printing HOWTO
     * 1.5 
     * 1.6 л
       
2.  Linux ϵͳڴӡĵ

     * 2.1 Linux ӡϵͳݱ
     * 2.2  lpr ӡĵ
     * 2.3  lpq 쿴ӡ
     * 2.4  lprm ȡӡ
     * 2.5  lpc  lpd 
     * 2.6 RedHat Ĵӡߣprinttool
       
3. ӡĵ

     * 3.1 ӡͼ
     * 3.2 ӡ PostScript 
     * 3.3 ӡ PDF 
     * 3.4 ӡ TeX 
     * 3.5 ӡ troff ʽĵ
     * 3.6 ӡ man ˵ҳ
       
4. 

     * 4.1 ӡǰŰ
     * 4.2 ӡĻ
       
5. 

6. ų

7. ο
     _________________________________________________________________
   
1. 

   ļ˵ʹ Linux ϵͳṩĴӡѻϵͳҲר
    Linux ӡϵͳİװõ Linux Printing Setup HOWTO ˲䣬
   ݲ Linux ϵͳҲͬڸ BSD ϵͳ
   
1.1 Linux Printing HOWTO ļݱ

   Mark Komarinski <markk@auratek.com> ָ
   
   ǳл Matt Foster д HOWTOҾݣҪ
   ɾΡ
   
   Matt Foster <mwf@engr.uark.edu> ָ
   
    Linux Printing HOWTO ȫдGrant Taylor <grant@god.tufts.edu>
    Brian McCauley <B.A.McCauley@bham.ac.uk> ԭġҴ㱣
   Grant  Brian ԭ HOWTO еĲϣȫд²
   ϡΪ HOWTO еĲϱȽ ҲȽĶϣͬ
   Ŀ
   
1.2 汾ݱ

   v1.2.2
     * ±һЩĶԱΪ RedHat ļ
       
   v1.2.1
     * ݺһЩĶԱ Linux 
       
   v1.2
     * Ӵӡ
     * ıӡĵ󳤶ȡ
       
   v1.11
     * ¹Ա
     *  lpc ϡ
     * һЩϡ
     * ʼдӡͼĵ
       
   v1.1
     * һЩ
     * д PostScript ӡ֡
     * 跨һ˵һЩʵ
     * һЩ Linux ӡߡ
       
   v1.0
     * Printing Usage HOWTO ״ι
       
1.3 Ȩ̱

   ļᵽЩĳЩ˵İȨ̱ͣơЩ
   HOWTO ȫƳ֡
   
   (c) 1995 Matt Foster (mwf@engr.uark.edu)
   (c) 1996-1997 Mark F. Komarinski (markk@auratek.com)
   
   κ漰 Linux HOWTO ķݰȨ˵
   
   ֮ڴ HOWTO йصݾͲ
   HOWTOĳЩ£ ַ Linux HOWTO ЭԱϵ
   
   
   ֮ʹļĴͨHOWTO ļİȨñͬʱϣ
   ֪ HOWTO ļ ͨ
   
   κ Linux HOWTO ЭԱ Tim Bynum ϵĵַ
   <linux-howto@sunsite.unc.edu>ĵַѯ绰ϵ
   
   
1.4  Linux Printing HOWTO

   ӡ HOWTO ļ HOWTO  PostScript 汾
   ʽĶļ PostScript 汾ɴ Linux վȡã
   sunsite վ [1]ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/
   
1.5 

   ӭԱ <markk@auratek.com>
   
1.6 л

   ǳлԱĳ౦ --- ЩѾ뱾ġ
   
   ҲҪлдĵ Matt Foster 
   
2.  Linux ϵͳڴӡĵ

   ˵ Linux δӡļӡСӡɾӡ
    ӡǰĵŰôӡȡ
   
2.1 Linux ӡϵͳݱ

   Linux ӡϵͳ - lp ϵͳ - ǽǴѧУΪ UNIX ϵͳ
   BSD дԴıɡ
   
2.2  lpr ӡĵ

   ĿǰΪֹ Linux ϵͳдӡĵ򵥷ǽĵֱ͵ӡ
   ӡʹ cat ָǷ֮һΪ rootָͿɴӡĵ
   
   
# cat thesis.txt > /dev/lp

   У/dev/lp ʵʴӡ豸ķ - ۴ӡǵӡ
   ӡ Űӡͼӡʹָ춷ӵ
   һ˵ ln(1)
   
   ڰȫϵĿֻ root 춴ӡسʽͬһȺʹ߲ſ
   дӡ ʹӡдӡǱʹ lprlprm  lpq ָ
   ʹôӡɡ
   
   ˣʹ߱ʹ lpr ӡĵlpr Ϊӡгʼ趨 ȻὫ
   񽻸ӡس - lpdӡس漴֪ӡδӡĵ
   
   
    lpr ִйУȽдӡĵһĿ¼ѻĿ¼
   ȻøĵڸĿ¼еȴ lpd дӡһ lpd ֪ĵȴӡ
    һݣԱΪforking lpd 
   سͻӡдӡĵ ͬʱԭ lpd ԼȴܷĴӡ
   ָַͨʽLinux ϵͳͬʱжӴӡ
   
   ʹ lpr(1) ָ﷨£
   
$ lpr [ options ] [ filename ... ]
#
# (ע$ lpr [ ѡ ] [ ĵ ... ])
#

    filename עĵûбʾlpr Ϊɱ׼ڣͨΪ
   ̻һʽṩ롣ַͨ ʹ߿ɽһʽ
   ӡѻ磬
   
$ cat thesis.txt | lpr

   
   
$ pr -l60 thesis.txt | lpr

   еĽӡӡ
   
   lpr ָִܸӡѡʹʹܿƴӡʽõѡ
   У -Pprinter ָúִӡ-h ӡͻҳ-s ӣ
   ҲĵѻĿ¼ڴĵ -#num ӡ 
   ʹ lpr £
   
$ lpr -#2 -sP dj thesis.txt

   ָڼѻĿ¼ΪΪ dj Ĵӡһ thesis.txt ĵ
   ķӣȻ lpd дӡӡ֮ᣬٴӡһ
   thesis.txt עӡݣ
   
    lpr ʹõѡ lpr(1)
   
2.3  lpq 쿴ӡ

   ʹ lpq ָɲ쿴ǰĴӡСֱʹָѡ ɲ
   ĬϴӡĴӡ
   
   lpq Ľ;
   
$ lpq
lp is ready and printing עӡ׼ӡгӡϢ
Rank   Owner      Job  Files                            Total Size
active mwf        31   thesis.txt                       682048 bytes

2.4  lprm ȡӡ

   κһӡϵͳԣҪһȡӡĹ Linux ϵ
   ͳУ lprm
   
$ lprm -

   ָȡʹ߷дӡָֻҪȡһӡ񣬿
   lpq ӡţȻὫñΪ lprm ָ磺
   
$ lprm 31

   ȡĬϴӡ 31 Ŵӡ (thesis.txt)
   
2.5  lpc  lpd 

   lpc(8) ʽ lpd ṩӡĴӡͨ lpc ʽɿƴӡĴ
   ӡܡ ӡжӡ°жӴṩӡж״ lpc 
   ϵͳʱһöӡ
   
$ lpc

   ָ lpc ʽڲκβ£ʹû뻥ģʽ
   ɿʼָ ʹ lpc һʽǴָ
   
$ lpc status all

   пõָ lpd ʹ˵man pageڿԲ鵽˴гһЩ
   ҪָָΪ ѡ гĲֿǴӡlpprint ȣؼ
    all˴ʾдӡ
   
     * disable ѡ - ôӡٽµĴӡ
     * down ѡ - ֹͣӡһдӡ
     * enable ѡ - ӡӡж
     * quit ( exit) - ֹͣ lpc 
     * restart ѡ - ¿ʼӡ lpd
     * status ѡ - ӡӡĻ
     * up ѡ - ʼʼµ lpd
       
2.6 RedHat Ĵӡߣprinttool

   RedHat  printtool һǳõĹߡܡ˵
   ͨ RedHat 4.0 ڲ HP LJ 4L ķ˷Ҳ RedHat
   汾
   
     *  root ݵ¼ printtool (Ϊ su ǵ SETENV
       DISPLAY :0.0  xhost + ?)
     *  "Add"Ȼڱشӡ "OK"
     * ӡ ( /dev/lp1)
     *  - ѡӡࡢֱʺֽŴС (ljet4300x300  ֽ
       ߴ)
     *  "OK" һֱף lpd
       
   ַΪһ̨ӡ趨ִӡʽΪִӡ趨ֽͬ
   ųߴ硢ֱʵȡ
   
3. ӡĵ

   ˵ Linux 趨趨ӡĵ
   
3.1 ӡͼ

   ôӡӡͼͨȡͼתúִӡӡӡ
   һ㲻ʺϴӡͼ Ϊӡ޷ʵͼ£
   ӡEpson IBM ProPrinter Ĵӡɽͼת
   PostScript ʽȻ Ghostscript ½ڣӡͼ
   
   ĴӡǼӡӡͼͱȽϼ򵥣Ϊӡ
    PCL ݡ ݣҲ NetPBM ͼת PCL ʽ
   һְ취ʹ Ghostscript ½ڣ
   
   ӡͼð취ǰװ NetPBM  Ghostscript Ȼᰲװ magic
   filter Զͼ񵵡
   
3.2 ӡ PostScript 

    PostScript ʶĴӡϴӡ PostScript Ǽ򵥲£
   ֻʹ lpr ָӡɴӡԶӡ߱
    PostScript Ǿ͵취Һ˽ PostScript Ĵ
   ӡʹӡʹá ⷽ棬õܾ
   Ghostscript
   
   Ghostscript ǽ PostScript еŰָתɴӡܹ
   ִеָ  Ghostscript ӡ PostScript Ҫָ
   
   
$ gs -dSAFER -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=deskjet -sOutputFile=\|lpr thesis.ps

   עʵõ루 pipe ķʽ Ghostscript ת
   -sOutputFile ѡ lpr ӡ
   
    Ghostview ߿ڴӡ֮ǰ鿴 X Ӵϵͳ Ghostscript ӡ
   PostScript  Ghostview Ghostscript ɴַ
   [2]ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu/ ء
   
3.3 ӡ PDF 

   Adobe ˾Ϊ Linux ϵͳ Acrobat ĶĶɴ Adobe ˾
   ҳ [3]http://www.adobe.com ءͬʱҲʹĶǰһ汾
   xpdf ӡ postscript ӡ
   
3.4 ӡ TeX 

   ӡ TeX 㷽ǽת PostScript ʽȻ
   Ghostscript ӡ ҪַӡȵýĵתһֳΪ DVI
   device-independent ƣĸʽ  tex(1) ָɡȻ
    dvips ָ DVI ת PostScript  ָʹ÷ʽ£
   
$ tex thesis.tex
$ dvips thesis.dvi

   ȻͿǰᵽָӡɵ PostScript 
   
3.5 ӡ troff ʽĵ

$ groff -Tascii thesis.tr | lpr

   зʽ
   
$ groff thesis.tr > thesis.ps

   Ȼָӡɵ PostScript 
   
3.6 ӡ man ˵ҳ

$ man man | col -b | lpr

   man ˵ҳʹ troff ĸʽڴӡʱɾ塢ߵȸʽ
   col pipe ɵĽ˲ more ָ
   
   
4. 

   ˴ûۼ⡣
   
4.1 ӡǰŰ

   ڶıʽĵڴӡʱûŰʽڴӡǰ
   棬 аÿҳӸҳ롢趨ҳ߾ࡢ˫оࡢͶŰ
    һ㷽ʹ pr 
   
$ pr +4 -d -h"Ph.D. Thesis, 2nd Draft" -l60 thesis.txt | lpr

   Уpr Ԥӡ thesis.txt й ҳհҳ(+4)ÿ
   ҳӡ 60 (-l60)˫о(-d)ÿҳ˼ӡ(-h) Ph.D. Thesis,
   2nd Draftעʿģ 2 壩lpr ӡ pr ɵı pr
   ÷ɲ˵
   
4.2 ӡĻ

    Linux ӡϵͳָ -P ѡͨѡȷһ
   ӡӡ ϵͳĬϵĴӡӡ
   
   Ϊ˱ÿ趨ӡ趨ӡÿϵͳʹõķͬ
    bash Ϊָ
   
$ PRINTER="printer_nameעӡƣ"; export PRINTER

    csh пã
   
% setenv PRINTER "printer_nameעӡƣ"

   ָ¼ָbash ʹ.profilecsh ʹ.cshrc  Ϊ
   ָʹá춻Ľһϼ bash(1)  csh(1)
   
5. 

   Q1. ӡʱ̨ס
   
   A1. Щӡÿиͻִӡ̨ ӡԤڵ
   ǻس/зDOS ϵͳ UNIX ϵͳڽһʱֻһз
    취ǼǷĳֿؿƴӡʹ
   ִӡ֮ת ʱһ DIP أڴӡǰȷһ
   šҪõڶְ취 һ Q2
   
   Ľ취ָʹù磺
   
$ cat thesis.txt | todos | lpr

   Q2. ʲǹ
   
   A2. һɴӱ׼루stdinϣȻԶ
   ж Ա׼stdoutдô࣬ı
   
   
   Q3. ʲħmagic filter
   
   A3. ħһָĵȡжĹ磬ĵû
   Űʽıĵʱ һӡʽӡĵ PostScript
   ĵʽĵʽӡ  ghostscript õħ
    magicfilter  APSfilterʹһҪڰװ֮
   ǰȰװӦ
   
   ҪעҪڰװ magicfilter ʱħѯϵͳ
   װкִӡ  ghostscriptҵ ghostscript
   magicfilter ֪ܴ PostScript ʽĵȻҵĴӡ
   Ӧ趨ϵͳҪдӡĵ ٵðװг
   
   
     * GhostScript
     * TeX
     * NetPBM
     * jpeg utilities עjpeg 
     * gzip
       
   Q4. ν Windows ӡϵͳWPSLinux ӡϵͳ
   
   A4. Ҳֻ WPS ָĴӡ޷ Linux ϵͳ WPS ָ
   ӡָĴӡ  Canon BJC 610 ӡͿʹãֻҪó
   WPS ʽĸʽɡӡ Щ HP DeskJet 820Cxi/Cse 
   ӡ*޷* Linuxˣ Linux Ϊ Win95 Ĵӡ
   ŷ SambaΪ Win95 Щӡ
   
   Q5. ϵͳãֻܴӡ 6 ҳ 6 ҳʾfile too large
   ĵ̫
   
   A5.  /etc/printcap һӡĵйءĬֵ 1000
   Լ 500 k  PostScript ĵԣԼ 7-8 ҳҵĳ
   ȡڴӡ趨мݣ
   
mx=0

   ָҪԭǲʹüѻһķ lpr
   ڼѻĿ¼ڶԴӡĵӡؼǵÿξ lpr ָʹ
   -s ѡ
   
6. ų

   ˵ڴӡʱܳ⡣
   
   ӡӡ
     * ӡĵ (Ӧ⣿)
     * lpd  ( lpc м) (ӡƳ)
     * root ֱӷָӡ (ӡ)
     * ܴ DOS ӡ (/ӡ)
       
   Щҳӡϵԭ
   
   ⷽĽ <markk@auratek.com>
   
7. ο

    Linux ӡϵͳĲοϡѾ HOWTO йصĲο
   ϡ 緢ش©ʱ硣
   
    USENET ʱ⣺
   
     * ӡǷܴӡ ( lpc(8) )
     * Ƿ HOWTO  Grant Taylor д Printing HOWTO 
       ṩ˽취
       
   д𰸣ǾòҪʡҪʣӦ
   йصϡ ҵ lpr ⣬æ⣬û
   ᡣûҪں˰汾 ӡηĺ;ṩϵͳ
   ʾľϢ
   
   ʹ˵
          
          + cat(1) Ӻʹӡĵ
          + dvips(1) TeX DVI ĵת PostScript ʽ
          + ghostview(1)  Ghostscript 鿴 PostScript ļ
          + groff(1) groff ļʽϵͳǰ˴
          + gs(1) Ghostscript /Ķ
          + lpc(8) ӡӡĿƳʽ
          + lpd(8) ӡӡļѻس
          + lpq(1) ѻжӼӳ
          + lpr(1) ѻӡ
          + lprm(1) ӡӡļѻжɾӡ
          + pr(1) תıļԱӡ
          + tex(1) ıŰư
            
   USENET 
          
          + comp.os.linux.* ʽй Linux ϵͳ
          + comp.unix.*  UNIX ϵͳйص

References

   1. ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/
   2. ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu/
   3. http://www.adobe.com/
