
                    The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ
                                       
: Jeff_Tranter, [1]jeff_tranter@pobox.com
:  [2]yorkwu@ms4.hinet.net

   İ v1.20C 1999  7  24 (ԭ v1.20, 24 March 1999)
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ļLinuxµĹЧ֧Ԯ оٳ֧ԮЧӲ豸Ҳд
   úʽĽ ϣָ
   ·ͬʱUsenet鼰̳ͨӴ "ˮ"
     _________________________________________________________________
   
1. 

     * 1.1 л
     * 1.2 °汾δѰ
     * 1.3 
     * 1.4 ɢʱע
       
2. Ч

3. ֧ԮӲ

     * 3.1 Ч
     * 3.2 ѡԵЧʽ
     * 3.3 PC
     * 3.4 ƽ(ӡ)
       
4. װ

     * 4.1 װЧ
     * 4.2 趨弴
     * 4.3 趨
     * 4.4 豸
     * 4.5 Linux
     * 4.6 
       
5. ֧ԮЧӦ

6. 

     * 6.1 һЧ豸ʲ?
     * 6.2 Ч?
     * 6.3 ¼Ч?
     * 6.4 ҿвֻһƬЧ?
     * 6.5 Ч豸: No such file or directory
     * 6.6 Ч豸: No such device
     * 6.7 Ч豸: No space left on device
     * 6.8 Ч豸: Device busy
     * 6.9 Ӳ'device busy'Ĵ!
     * 6.10 Чŵһͣ
     * 6.11  MOD ϶
     * 6.12 Чʱ
     * 6.13 ǰܺܺõ壬ȴ SEGV 
     * 6.14 Чʽк֪Ƽ bug?
     * 6.15 Чʽ ioctl ȣм?
     * 6.16 Ҫȫƽ˳¼ҪǿCPUܰ쵽?
     * 6.17 PAS16  Adaptec 1542 SCSI Ĵ
     * 6.18 ɲͬʱ¼?
     * 6.19 ҵԿ 16  IRQ 2ʽ׼ֵ
     * 6.20 뿪 Linux DOSȻЩ巢
     * 6.21  Linux  DOOM 
     * 6.22 Ч?
     * 6.23 ܷ¼
     * 6.24 Ƚ DOS ʽȻҵ"ݿ"û
     * 6.25 ҵ 16 λԪԿݿ Linux ֻ 8 λԪģʽ
     * 6.26 ҵõ Linux ЧӦ?
     * 6.27 ЧʽɲԱɿģ?
     * 6.28 ̨ܰЧ?
     * 6.29 VoxWareʲ?
     * 6.30 Sox/Play/Vplay ر "invalid block size 1024"
     * 6.31 Чʽģᣬ趨ͱ
     * 6.32 ֻ root ¼
     * 6.33 IBM ThinkPadϵЧӲ֧Ԯ?
     * 6.34 ΪҵЧûлӦóʽ
     * 6.35 SB16 CT4170 
     * 6.36  MIDI keyboard ӵЧ?
     * 6.37 IRQ 15 Լ Ensoniq PCI 128 ֮
     * 6.38 Ķץɢ MIDI patch SoftOSS ʹ?
       
7. ο
     _________________________________________________________________
   
1. 

   Linux Sound HOWTOļ ҪĿṩһаװLinuxЧ֧
   Ԯ֪ ʶĿٲοϡ һشLinux¹Чĳ
   һҲָ 춵Ч/ַĲοϵԴ
   
   ĵġΧʺ Linux Ч档 ЧЧ/
   ԭϣĲοǽгļ
   
1.1 л

   ļܶЧʽʽļ( Hannu Savolainen(
   [3]hannu@voxware.pp.fi)׫д) ллHannuAlan Cox Linux 
   Чʽ Լóʽǡ
   
    [4]SGML Tools ׼ʹñļһԭʼֲͬʽ
   
   
1.2 °汾δѰ

   ļ֮°汾 [5]comp.os.linux.answers ; Ҳ
   ܶౣѶftpվ
   [6]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/
   
   ļ HOWTO ļĳְҲںܶ WWW վ̨ϣ
   [7]http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/ ܶ Linux  CD-ROM װ׼Ҳں
   HOWTO ļͨ /usr/doc/ Ŀ¼¡ ʱCD-ROM ϵģӡģ
   ftpվĻǹʱİ汾 ڱ HOWTO ϵѾ񳬹 £
   InternetϿѾ°ˡ
   
   Ҫעǣ·Ķ̬ʣڱļе WWW  FTP 
   ᶼܷı䡣
   
   ļ౻ΪͬԵİ汾:
   
   : [8]http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/Sound-HOWTO.html
   
   : [9]http://www.freenix.org/unix/linux/HOWTO/
   
   : [10]http://yebisu.ics.es.osaka-u.ac.jp/linux/
   
   : [11]http://kldp.linux-kr.org/HOWTO/html/Sound/Sound-HOWTO.html
   
   :
   [12]http://www.phtd.tpu.edu.ru/~ott/russian/linux/howto-rus/Sound-HOWT
   O.html
   
   : [13]ftp://ftp.insflug.org/es
   
   ļ Linux HOWTO ķҲ
   [14]http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/ Լ
   [15]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/ҵ 
   ļԣңһᡣ
   
1.3 

    HOWTO ļҪλЭԽԽá κν飬
    ( [16]jeff_tranter@pobox.com) ҽһ
   Щ
   
   (ע: Աİ [17](yorkwu@ms4.hinet.net))
   
   Ҳ⾡شЧLinuxһ⡣ ֮ǰ
   Ķ ƪ HOWTOȻٸҺصϸѶ 벻Ҫ
   ڷLinuxҵϵͳ ¹Ч⡣
   
   ΨϻӲʽдļӭһݹ ĵ
   ŵ ַ Ҳ뿼һ¶ Linux ļƻף֧ Linux 
   ļ Linux HOWTO Э Tim Bynum (
   [18]mailto:linux-howto@metalab.unc.edu )ԵõѶ
   
1.4 ɢʱע

   Copyright (c) 1995-1999 by Jeff Tranter.
   
   İȨΪ Jeff Tranter (1997-1999) С
   
   This document may be distributed under the terms set forth in the LDP
   license at [19]http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/COPYRIGHT.html
   
   ļ [20]http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/COPYRIGHT.html ֮
   LDP ִյС
   
2. Ч

   ΪԱ潲Щ˽⣬һڼԵһµЧ 
   Ҫ һ˽⣬λѶλźŴ鼮
   
   һȵ(property); Χڵֵ Ȼ
   ȴλģֻܱʾΧеļ㡣 Ϊܴ壬 Ч
   һֽ/λת(A/DADC)ź(Եѹʾ) ת
   档 Ҳһλ/ת(D/ADAC) ַתɵѹ
   ͽȣ
   
   תλḶ́ȡһЩ ؾת
   תöá һȡʣڵλʱڣ Ӳȡ(ͨ
   ÿ뼸λΪλ) ϵ͵ȡʱʾźžͱȽϲ׼ȷ 
   С ÿһȡЧΧͨ bit ʾ ЧΧԽ
   ȡ׼ȷλ
   
   Чһ816 bitȡȡ 4000-44000Hz ֮䡣 ȡҲΪ
   ()˫()
   
   FM ϳǲľɷ ѲͬĲ (Ҳǲ)
   Ѷ FM ϳӲϱȽϼ򵥣 ǽѳʽҲûԡ
   ܶЧṩ FM ϳԺ͹ȥЧݡ ͨṩ
   
   
   ͱϳɽ D/A תĵԼ FM ϳɵĶƵ ַ
   λصרõļڣڲ̫ҪCPUص²ţ ϲ
   ޸ġ Ч֧Ԯͱϳɡ
   
   ЧṩɽͬѶԴԺϲ ǿ
   
   
   MIDIָλ (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) һֿ
   ˴˹ͨӲЭ  MIDI bus ϴ͵¼Դ MIDI 
    ޸ļز ܶЧṩ MIDI 棬ʹûУЧ
    ȻԲ MIDI 
   
   MODǵԲõĸʽ ˼¼⣬ Ҳ¼(
   )λȡ MODAmigaģֻҪʵ壬 ڰ
   LinuxϵͳҲܲš
   
3. ֧ԮӲ

   һгĿǰ Linux ֧ԮЧЧ棬 ׫дʱµ Linux 
   Ϊ׼ڱ׫дʱ 2.2.4 ļֻ԰ڱ׼ Linux е
   ЧʽЧ Linux Чʽ(뿴 ѡ
   ԵЧʽ һ)
   
    Linux ֧ԮЧԼĹܵϢ뿴 Linux ԭʼ
   ĵͨװ/usr/src/linux/Documentation/sound Ŀ¼¡
   
   HOWTOѶIntelƽ̨LinuxЧ
   
   ЧʽӦҲ֧ԮAlphaƽ̨ϵĶЧ ȻеĿȻ
   i386 ƽ̨Ϲúܺãȴ Alpha ϵͳϵ豸λַͻ ͨ
   ûԹĻû취֪һƬܲá ԳԳԹȻҲ
   ȷһƬЧܲá
   
   бPowerPCƽ̨ϵ Linux Чʽ޷ʹã Ӧû
   ֧Ԯ
   
   MIPSƽ̨LinuxԽЧʽҽģ вMIPSEISA
   ڽķӲ塣 Linux MIPS group ңڽǺȤ
   Ч֧Ԯ
   
   Linux ҲΪ Atari  Amiga ƽ̨ Linux һֿʽ 
   ЩڽӲ壬ʵ˺ Intel ƽ̨ Linux ݵӼϡ
   
   SPARCƽ̨ Linux ĿǰĳЩ֧ԮЧ ˺˵ϵ
   ЧӲѿãⲿ DSP Члδ֧ԮΪ Sun ûиع
   ϡ
   
3.1 Ч

   ЧΪ Linux ʽ֧Ԯ ЩЧƬƶЧ
   ơ бб ΪкܶǺеһЩ
    Щ̸һʱ͸ıƣ ʹЧ;ɵĲԣȴ
   þɵͺţš
   
     * 6850 UART MIDI Interface
     * AD1816/AD1816A based cards
     * ADSP-2115
     * ALS-007 based cards (Avance Logic)
     * ATI Stereo F/X (ͣ)
     * Acer FX-3D
     * AdLib (ͣ)
     * Audio Excel DSP 16
     * AudioDrive
     * CMI8330 ЧƬ
     * Compaq Deskpro XL onboard sound
     * Corel Netwinder WaveArtist
     * Crystal CS423x
     * ESC614
     * ESS1688 ЧƬ
     * ESS1788 ЧƬ
     * ESS1868 ЧƬ
     * ESS1869 ЧƬ
     * ESS1887 ЧƬ
     * ESS1888 ЧƬ
     * ESS688 ЧƬ
     * ES1370 ЧƬ
     * ES1371 ЧƬ
     * Ensoniq AudioPCI (ES1370)
     * Ensoniq AudioPCI 97 (ES1371)
     * Ensoniq SoundScape (RevealSpeaݿ)
     * Gallant SC-6000
     * Gallant SC-6600
     * Gravis Ultrasound
     * Gravis Ultrasound ACE
     * Gravis Ultrasound Max
     * Gravis Ultrasound with 16 bit sampling option
     * HP Kayak
     * Highscreen Sound-Booster 32 Wave 3D
     * IBM MWAVE
     * Logitech Sound Man 16
     * Logitech SoundMan Games
     * Logitech SoundMan Wave
     * MAD16 Pro (OPTi 82C92882C92982C93082C924 Ƭ)
     * Media Vision Jazz16
     * MediaTriX AudioTriX Pro
     * Microsoft Windows Sound System (MSS/WSS)
     * MiroSOUND PCM12
     * Mozart (OAK OTI-601)
     * OPTi 82C931
     * Orchid SW32
     * Personal Sound System (PSS)
     * Pinnacle MultiSound
     * Pro Audio Spectrum 16
     * Pro Audio Studio 16
     * Pro Sonic 16
     * Roland MPU-401 MIDI interface
     * S3 SonicVibes
     * SY-1816
     * Sound Blaster 1.0
     * Sound Blaster 2.0
     * Sound Blaster 16
     * Sound Blaster 16ASP
     * Sound Blaster 32
     * Sound Blaster 64
     * Sound Blaster AWE32
     * Sound Blaster AWE64
     * Sound Blaster PCI 128
     * Sound Blaster Pro
     * Sound Blaster Vibra16
     * Sound Blaster Vibra16X
     * TI TM4000M notebook
     * Terratec Base 1
     * Terratec Base 64
     * ThunderBoard
     * Turtle Beach Maui
     * Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic
     * Turtle Beach MultiSound Fiji
     * Turtle Beach MultiSound Hurricane
     * Turtle Beach MultiSound Monterey
     * Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle
     * Turtle Beach MultiSound Tahiti
     * Turtle Beach WaveFront Maui
     * Turtle Beach WaveFront Tropez
     * Turtle Beach WaveFront Tropez+
     * VIA chip set
     * VIDC 16-bit sound
     * Yamaha OPL2 ЧƬ
     * Yamaha OPL3 ЧƬ
     * Yamaha OPL3-SA1 ЧƬ
     * Yamaha OPL3-SA2 ЧƬ
     * Yamaha OPL3-SA3 ЧƬ
     * Yamaha OPL3-SAx ЧƬ
     * Yamaha OPL4 ЧƬ
       
   ""һЩ˵ǰ: ȻЧųԿ 
   LinuxԿʽĿ֮١ Щ MSS/WSS  MAD16 
   ʽͨá ֻ Creative Labs Կ( Creative ľ
   Ƭ SoundBlaster16 Vibra) MV Jazz16  ESS688/1688 Ŀ
   Կʽ ν "Կݵ16λԪ Ч" Կ
   ʽֻ˷ʱˡ
   
   Linux Ҳ֧ԮЧϵ SCSI (ProAudioSpectrum 16)ר
    (Կ Pro) 뿴 Linux [21]SCSI HOWTO  [22]CDROM HOWTO ļ
   ˽⡣
   
   (ע: CDROM HOWTO İ
   [23]http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/CDROM-HOWTO.html)
   
   Чϳҡ棬ҲиĿģ֧Ԯ
   
   עᵽSCSICD-ROMҡЧʽ˴޹صġ
   
3.2 ѡԵЧʽ

   Linux ĵЧʽ Hannu Savolainen дġ Hannu 
    Open Sound Systemһ 4Front Technologies ۣ֧Ԯ
   Unix ϵͳҵ汾Чʽ Red Hat Software  Alan Cox 
   ǿЧʽʹȫģ黯 ܶҲЭ Լ
   չЧĶʽ Щ޸Ĺʽ Red Hat ǵ 5.0
    5.2 淢׼ʹá ĿǰЩıѾ 2.0 Ͻ׼С
   Alan Cox ڱ׼ЧʽάˣȻ Hannu ÿЩʱԻ
   һЩҵָĳʽ
   
   ҵ汾 Open Sound System ʽ( 4Front Technologies չ)Ƚ
   趨Ҳ֧Ԯ϶ĿرµЧ ҲͶԱ׼
   ʽдӦóʽݡ ȱҪǮҲõԭʼ롣 ھҪ
   Ҫǰð档 ϸѶ4Front Technologiesվ
   [24]http://www.opensound.comȡá
   
   Jaroslav KyselaΪGravis UltraSoundЧд˿ѡʽ 
   ƻΪAdvanced Linux Sound Architecture(Ƚ Linux Чܹ
   ALSA)һΪһã ҿȡеЧ
   ʽ ALSA ʽ֧ԮೣЧ ȫ˫ȫģ黯
   еЧܹݡ ALSA ƻҪվ
   [25]http://www.alsa-project.org и "Alsa-sound-mini-HOWTO"
   Ҫα뼰װЩʽ
   
   Markus Mummert ( [26]mum@mmk.e-technik.tu-muenchen.deд˸ Turtle
   Beach MultiSound(classic) TahitiMontereyЧõʽļ
   ᵽ:
   
     "It is designed for high quality hard disk recording/playback
     without losing sync even on a busy system Other features such as
     wave synthesisMIDI and digital signal processor (DSP) cannot be
     used Alsorecording and playback at the same time is not
     possible It currently replaces VoxWare and was tested on several
     kernel versions ranging from 1.0.9 to 1.2.1 Alsoit is
     installable on UN*X SysV386R3.2 systems."
     (ΪƷӲ¼ƣʹϵͳشҲ 粨
     ϳɣ MIDI λźŴ (DSP) ʹá Ҳͬʱ¼
     Ŀǰȡ VoxWare 1.0.91.2.1ĲԹ Ҳװ
     UN*X SysV386R3.2 ϵͳϡ)
     
    [27]http://www.cs.colorado.edu/~mccreary/tbeachҵ
   
   Kim Burgaard ( [28]burgaard@daimi.aau.dk д˸ MPU-401 MIDI õ
   ʽóʽ Linux Software Map µĽ:
   
     "A device driver for true Roland MPU-401 compatible MIDI interfaces
     (including Roland SCC-1 and RAP-10/ATW-10) Comes with a useful
     collection of utilities including a Standard MIDI File player and
     recorder.
     (һ MPU-401ȫݵ MIDI ( Roland SCC-1
     RAP-10/ATW-10)  ʽ Ҳ˺õĹóʽ׼
     MIDI ¼Ƴʽ)
     
     Numerous improvements have been made since version 0.11a Among
     other thingsthe driver now features IRQ sharing policy and
     complies with the new kernel module interface Metronome
     functionalitypossibility for synchronizing e.g graphics on a
     per beat basis without losing precisionadvanced
     replay/record/overdub interface and muchmuch more."
     ( 0.11a ֽ˶Ľ а IRQ ãпɱΪ
     ģ顣 ܿɴﵽÿһĶͬɥʧ׼ȣز/¼
     overdub(?) 漰ܶܶࡣ)
     
   
   [29]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/sound/mpu401-0.2.tar.gz ҵ
   
   
   ЧLinux»һ; -- ҵߵĵ 2.1.x 漰
   ĺİһԿ Windows Sound System ݿʵ
   1200 bps AFSK  9600 bps FSK Эʽ  Linux AX25
   HOWTO (()ҲǸ壬 VE3ICH)
   
3.3 PC

   ⻹һҪӲʽPCȡ Чʽ
   ϴݣģʲˣCPUҲ߶ˡ Ľ
   ӸȵԶкܴ 뿴ڸļԸ˽⡣
   
   һʱûиˣ
   [30]ftp://ftp.infomatik.hu-berlin.de/pub/os/linux/hu-sound/ҵ
   
3.4 ƽ(ӡ)

   иѡ񣬾ƽвһЩλ/ת ʱ PC 
   Ⱥã CPU Ӹߡ ǰһСᵽʽ֧Ԯ
   Ӳ˵
   
4. װ

   ҪLinux֧ԮЧȽ²:
   
    1. װЧ
    2. 趨弴(Plug and Play)(/ҪĻ)
    3. ģʹ֧֮ԮЧ
    4. 豸
    5. Linuxģ
       
   ʹ Red Hat Linuxиóʽ sndconfig ڶ
   ԶЧ趨趨ʽ ʹ
   Red Hat ҽ ɹˣָʾͿ
   
    sndconfig ʧˣʹñķ׼ Ҫֶ趨
   һ˽̣½ӽ˵ÿһ衣
   
4.1 װЧ

   ˵ָʾװӲ壬볧װ
   
   ɵЧͨпػߣ趨IRQDMAͨȣЩ趨
   ȷҪճֵ ܵĻ豸(·
   SCSI ƽмв)塣
   
   DOSʹЧͨӦɺDOSһ Щ(ر
   PnP )ҲҪɺDOSһֵ ʱҪʵһ¡
   
4.2 趨弴

   ڶЧ弴Э趨 I/O λַжϼ DMA ͨ롣 
   ʹõ趨̶ֵĻߵģһڡ
   
    2.2 УȻûȫ֧Ԯ弴á ϺõĽ֮ʹ
   Linux ׼ isapnp (ҲԴ Red Hat վ
   [31]http://www.redhat.com/)
   
   Ȳ鿴 Linux װ׼еļ 趨弴ˣ 
   ߿ܺ͵½вͬ Ҫֶ趨isapnp ߵϸڿ
   man page ҵ 򵥵˵Ҫĳ:
   
     * ʹ pnpdump ץȡ弴豸Ŀ趨ѽ
       /etc/isapnp.conf
     * ѡ豸ͻ趨 /etc/isapnp.conf е
       ӦЧ(uncomment) ˰ѽӽβ(ACT Y)ǰע
       
     * ȷʱִе isapnpͨɿִе֮һɡ ؿ
       ִֶ isapnp
       
   ΪһЩ޷ʹ isapnp ߣмѡ 
   Microsoft Windows 95  98װùԱ趨Ȼ
   loadlin ů Linux ȷ Linux  Windows ʹͬ趨
   
    DOS ʹƬ SoundBlaster16 PnP  icu 
   ʽȻ LOADLIN ů Linux һȷ DOS  Linux һ
   趨
   
   ЩЧʽҪʼ弴ùܡ 뿴ʽ
   ˵ļõϸѶ
   
4.3 趨

   װʱõԤȱĺģͨǲ֧ԮЧġ Լ
   ʺ õĺġ ңҲҪ°ĺģ
   С õļ塣 ȻᣬЧʹᣬ
   ؽģ Чʽģ顣
   
   νķ棬Ӧòο [32]Linux Kernel HOWTO ֻ
   ЧصĲݡ (ע: İ
   [33]http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/Kernel-HOWTO.html
   
   ûбģЧ֧Ԯľ飬ȶһºʽ
   ļ (رǹЧĲ)Ǹ⡣ Щں
   Ŀ¼ҵͨ /usr/src/linux/Documentation/sound û
   Ŀ¼ ܻʹ÷ǳɵĺģǸûװԭʼ롣
   
   һĵĳͺá Ŀǰ趨ֽѡ  "make
   xconfig " ɽгX11µͼ趨;  "make menuconfig"  ģ
   ʽѡ; ԭʼķ "make config"ṩ˼򵥵 ʴ
   档
   
   趨ʱѡЧʽѡʱкܶѡ 趨
   еӦÿΪÿһѡʲᡣ ֪ģ ѡ
   ѡ
   
   趨ѡᣬӦ Kernel HOWTO ±벢װġ
   
4.4 豸

   ΪĲΪЧ豸豸 ״װ Linux ʱ
   Ѿ ˣеټһ¡ (
   ڲһ ûϵ)豸趨ȷˡ
   
% ls -l /dev/sndstat
crw-rw-rw-   1 root     root      14  6 Apr 25  1995 /dev/sndstat

   עȷ豸֤һˡ 豸ǰҪ
   ӽ ʽ()
   
   ڼȷ豸ؽǡ  Linux 
   и /dev/MAKEDEV ¡
   
4.5 Linux

   Ӧÿ׼ºģʽˡ ƽʱװ
   ĵĲ ȥ(ȻһݾɺԷһ)
   
   УһûµѶϢ:(ѶϢ̫죬
   dmesg ع鿴)
   
Sound initialization started
<Sound Blaster 16 (4.13)> at 0x220 irq 5 dma 1,5
<Sound Blaster 16> at 0x330 irq 5 dma 0
<Yamaha OPL3 FM> at 0x388
Sound initialization complete

   ӦúЧ趨(еĻ)һ¡
   
   ÿģ飬ѶϢͲʾ(ʱ insmod
   sound trace_init=1)
   
   ЧʽʱӦûʾSound initialization started
   Sound initialization completeѶϢ ûУʾЧ ʽû
   룬ʱӦüһĿǰ𶯵ĺûмЧʽ֧Ԯ
   
   Sound initialization started Sound initialization completeû
   ӡʲᶫ Ǳʾû⵽Ч豸 ܵԭûʹ
   ȷʽû֧ԮI/OλַԻ˻û趨 PnP 
   
   ʽӡ󼰾ѶϢ 趨ʽᣬʱ
   ע ЩѶϢ
   
   Ǽ/dev/sndstat豸 ȡ״̬Ե֪Ѷ 
   Чʽǲȷˡ :
   
% cat /dev/sndstat
Sound Driver:3.5.4-960630 (Sat Jan 4 23:56:57 EST 1997 root,
Linux fizzbin 2.0.27 #48 Thu Dec 5 18:24:45 EST 1996 i586)
Kernel: Linux fizzbin 2.0.27 #48 Thu Dec 5 18:24:45 EST 1996 i586
Config options: 0

Installed drivers:
Type 1: OPL-2/OPL-3 FM
Type 2: Sound Blaster
Type 7: SB MPU-401

Card config:
Sound Blaster at 0x220 irq 5 drq 1,5
SB MPU-401 at 0x330 irq 5 drq 0
OPL-2/OPL-3 FM at 0x388 drq 0

Audio devices:
0: Sound Blaster 16 (4.13)

Synth devices:
0: Yamaha OPL-3

Midi devices:
0: Sound Blaster 16

Timers:
0: System clock

Mixers:
0: Sound Blaster

   ϵҲܻرѶϢ "No such file or directory" ʾ û
   豸(ο4.3) "No such device" ʾЧʽû룬û 
    ص 4.2 ֮
   
    /dev/sndstat У"Card config:"εļд ("
   (SoundBlaster at 0x220 irq 5 drq 1,5)")ʾ豸Ѿ趨ˣû
    ⵽
   
   ӦÿԷż򵥵Чˡ ץЧ豸
   
   
% cat endoftheworld >/dev/dsp
% cat crash.au >/dev/audio

   (ȷûʡԵ춷)
   
   ע⣬ƽʱcatǷЧзֻΪ˼ˡ ȥץ
   ķʽ()øá
   
   ֻ /dev/sndstat ڵ audio devices гһ豸£
   ŻЧ ûгκζӦüһΪ豸û
   
   
   ر"I/O error" "dmesg" ѶϢβ
   ǺܻܿӡѶϢҾ "Sound: DMA (output) timed out
   - IRQ/DRQ config error?" ѶϢָʽûдЧõӦ ÷
   жϡ пܵԭǣIRQ  DMA 趨ûá 
   ÷֣ſ赽 DMA  IRQ 䶼Կ
   
   һֿԭʽͿݡ ⼸һν "Կ(Pro/16)
   ݿ " Կʽ ״ҪҳĿܴ
   ʽ С(磬Ͷ鵽comp.os.linux.hardware)
   
   һЩЧ
   [34]ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/sound/snd-data-0.1.tar.Z ץ
   
   
   ¼ˡ Ŀ¼ٲ
   һ:
   
# ˷¼ 4 
EDT% dd bs=8k count=4 < /dev/audio >sample.au
4+0 records in
4+0 records out
# Ѹո¼ķų
% cat sample.au > /dev/audio

   ȻҪЧ˷磬ҪԳûЧ 
   ҲҲ ҪŪһʽ趨˷Ϊװã趨¼档
   
   ϲԶͨˣЧD/AA/DӲ嶼 
    ⣬οһСڡ
   
4.6 

   ϲ裬Ȼ⣬Լ鼸ط Щɼ
    У⣬Ƚٽһ顣
   
  һ: ȷԼĺ𶯡
  
   úĵڴʶǲǸ֧ԮЧĺġ 
    uname:
   
% uname -a
Linux fizzbin 2.2.4 #1 Tue Mar 23 11:23:21 EST 1999 i586 unknown

   ʾ/proc/version:
   
% cat /proc/version
Linux version 2.2.4 (root@fizzbin) (gcc version 2.7.2.3) #1 Tue Mar 23 11:23:21

EST 1999

   ڴǲĵʱ䣬˾ɵĺġ ؿ?
    LILOǲװ(ƽlilo)? 𶯣 
   ¿Ƭ?
   
  ڶ: ȷЧʽбȥ
  
   򵥵ķǰģ "/dev/sndstat" еط
    趨һ⡣ 趨װºĵĳ
   
  : ʱ⵽Ч?
  
   ȷʱĿб⵽ ӦÿѶϢˣù죬
   ͨ  dmesg л:
   
% dmesg

   
   
% tail /var/adm/messages

   Ŀû⵽ĳһ⡣ ȷſװˡ ſ
   DOS¹ úܺãӲġ Ч
   ʽ´ ЧͺЧʽݡ
   
   һֿܾҪDOSʽ""  DOS 
   ̸ʽȻᰴControl-Alt-DeleteůLinux ȷI/Oλ
   ַDMAIRQ趨DOSһ Чʽԭʼе Readme.cards
   Եõ趨ͿʾѶϢ
   
   ĿûڱļгLinuxʽû֧ԮĹϵ 
   Բο ĩĲο
   
  Ĳ: ܴdsp豸?
  
   ǰ dd ȡ /dev/audio ӦòдŶԡ
   
   Уǿ IRQ/DMA 嵽ĳӲ岻(豸Ϊ Linux ֧Ԯ
   ô ʽ)
   
   һټĿǲӲ塣 ܵĻDOS²һ£ȥֿ
   ԡ
   
  ҪЩû?
  
   ⣬ṩἸ:
   
     * СضHOWTOļ
     * ļеĲοףصĺԭʼеļ
     *  comp.os.linux Usenet (comp.os.linux.hardware Ǹ
       ط; Ϊˮ࣬ ڱע "sound"ʺϵרҲ
       ҵ)
     * Web/UsenetѰ棬ǻ۵ѰܿҵܺõĽ
        һѡ [35]http://www.altavista.digital.com
     * µLinuxġ(ֻͷãµķչúĿܺܲ
       )
     * ŸЧʽ
     * ŸSound HOWTO
     * гemacsEsc-x doctor :-)
       
   (ע: ȻһǿЦ)
   
5. ֧ԮЧӦ

   LinuxЧ һЩܻҪӦ塣 
   Բһ Linux Software Map·⣬Linux CD-ROM 
   ҳѶ
   
   ٻҪµЧ:
   
     * Чʽת ( Sox)
     * ʽ ( aumix  xmix)
     * Ч ( play  wavplay)
     * MOD  ( tracker)
     * MIDI  ( playmidi)
       
   ๤ʽģҲGUIʽġ ҲһЩȽһӦ (
   ʶ)ܻ濴
   
6. 

   һڻش𾭳Usenet̳ͨʵ⡣
   
   OSSЧʽվĽ
   
6.1 һЧ豸ʲ?

   ׼豸ȻЩ Linux װ׼ò̫һơ
   
   /dev/audio
          һ /dev/audio0
          
   /dev/audio0
          SunվݵѶ豸 (ֻ˲ݣ֧Ԯ Sun  ioctl 
          棬ֻ u-law )
          
   /dev/audio1
          ڶѶ豸 (Ч֧ԮֻһЧĻ)
          
   /dev/dsp
          һ /dev/dsp0
          
   /dev/dsp0
          Ҽλȡ豸
          
   /dev/dsp1
          ڷλȡ豸
          
   /dev/mixer
          ͨᵽ /dev/mixer0
          
   /dev/mixer0
          Ҽ
          
   /dev/mixer1
          ڷ
          
   /dev/music
          ߽ױ
          
   /dev/sequencer
          ͽ MIDIFM GUS ȡ
          
   /dev/sequencer2
          ͨᵽ /dev/music
          
   /dev/midi00
          Ҽԭ(raw)MIDI
          
   /dev/midi01
          ڷԭMIDI
          
   /dev/midi02
          ڲԭMIDI
          
   /dev/midi03
          ԭMIDI
          
   /dev/sndstat
          ȡʱʾЧʽ״̬(/proc/sound Ҳһ)
          
   PCʽṩ豸:
   
   /dev/pcaudio
           /dev/audio ͬ
          
   /dev/pcsp
           /dev/dsp һ
          
   /dev/pcmixer
           /dev/mixer һ
          
6.2 Ч?

   Sun վЧ(.au)Զ /dev/audio ų ԭʼȡԶ
   /dev/dspȻһ˵ܲ ʹ play ĳʽȽ
   ãһܱЧʽ 趨ȷȡʵȡ
   
   ʹ wavplay  vplay ( snd-util ׼)ĳʽ WAV õ
    Ȼ޷ʶ Microsoft ADPCMѹ WAV  ͬʱɰ play
   ( Lsox ׼) 16 λԪ WAV òá
   
    snd-util е splay ֶеĲŶ
   Ч
   
6.3 ¼Ч?

   Դ /dev/audio  /dev/dsp жȡȡϣ ת򵽵ȥ
    vrec ĳʽԽϼ򵥵ؿȡʼʱȡ ҲҪԱ
   ѡҪԴ
   
6.4 ҿвֻһƬЧ?

   ڵЧʽװüƬԿԿ ProԿ 16MPU-401
    MSS  װƬԿǿܵģҪֶ༭ local.h 
   SB2_BASESB2_IRQSB2_DMA  SB2_DMA2(Щ²Ҫ) Ҳͬʱװ
   һƬԿһƬ PAS16
   
   make config趨µ2.0.xĵЧĻӦñ
   /usr/include/linux/autoconf.hlocal.h ῴ:
   
#define SBC_BASE 0x220
#define SBC_IRQ (5)
#define SBC_DMA (1)
#define SB_DMA2 (5)
#define SB_MPU_BASE 0x0
#define SB_MPU_IRQ (-1)

   뼸(ֵϵͳ趨)
   
#define SB2_BASE 0x330
#define SB2_IRQ (7)
#define SB2_DMA (2)
#define SB2_DMA2 (2)

   ʽ׼װƬ:
   
     * GUS (ʽ)
     * MAD16 (Ӳ)
     * AudioTrix Pro (Ӳ)
     * CS4232 (Ӳ)
       
6.5 Ч豸: No such file or directory

   ҪȽ豸 μǰ潨豸Ĳݡ ȷʵ豸 
   żαǷȷ (һЩһ CD-ROM Linux װ׼ܲ
   ڰװʱȷ豸)
   
6.6 Ч豸: No such device

   ĺĲ֧ԮЧʽI/Oλַ趨Ӳ岻һ¡ Ƿ
    Ŀȷ趨Ӳһµġ
   
6.7 Ч豸: No space left on device

   ûнҪ豸Ͱ϶ /dev/audio  /dev/dspͻᷢ
    ʱЩ"豸"ʵֻͨ ҰĴŵˡ
   ձļн豸 һСڵָȥִǸ塣
   
    Linux 2.0 ֮ᣬ豸ϵͳȴû㹻 RAM ʱᷢ ÿ
    DMA ͨЧʽҪҳ (8K) 顣 
    16M  RAM ѾܾõϵͳϿܷ ٿ豸ǰҲ
   ȱ뼰ִµ C ʽԿճһЩ RAM 
   
main() {
  int i;
  char mem[500000];
  for (i = 0; i < 500000; i++)
    mem[i] = 0;
  exit(0);
}

6.8 Ч豸: Device busy

   һЧ豸һֻܸһá У ܵξб
   ʹ豸 ȷķ֮һ fuser :
   
% fuser -v /dev/dsp
/dev/dsp:             USER       PID ACCESS COMMAND
                      tranter    265 f....  tracker

   Уfuser ʾ 265 ų˸豸 ѡɻ
   Ч豸ʹˡ Ӧ root ִ fuser 
   Żгʹߡ
   
6.9 Ӳ'device busy'Ĵ!

    Brian Gough ˵ʹһ DMA ͨԿͬҲռ DMA 1
    QIC-02 Ŵʽ壬 "device busy"  ʹ
   FTAPE мӽŴʽ  FTAPE-HOWTOQIC-02 
   ʽʹ FTAPE ʱǱҪ; ֻ QIC-117 űҪ ģʹ
   QIC-117 ʽ ȡ QIC-02 FTAPE Чʽܹˡ
   
6.10 Чŵһͣ

   ֢״ͨȲһңȻȫֹͣӡ "missing IRQ" 
   "DMA timeout" ѶϢ ˳ IRQ  DMA ˡ ˶һ£ں
    趨ǲǺӲߵһҲûкͱĿ塣
   
   һ֢״һֱظ ͨ IRQ ͻ
   
6.11  MOD ϶

   ҪMODҪɹ۵ CPU  ̫ʽϵͳӦ
   ʱ 漸ֽⷨ:
   
     * ýϵ͵ȡʣֻŵ
     * ִгʽɵ
     * ĵ
     * ǿЧ( Gravis UltraSound)
       
    Gravis UltraSound ЧӦʹרΪ GUS Ƶ MOD 
   ʽ ( gmod)
   
6.12 Чʱ

   1.0cǰЧʽȫͬҲݵ ioctl() ʽ ץ
   ԭʼ룬Ҫı䣬ֲʺ°ʽá Ч
   ʽ Readme 
   
   ҲȷӦóʽʱʹµ soundcard.h  ultrasound.h 
   Ŀͷİװָ
   
6.13 ǰܺܺõ壬ȴ SEGV 

   ϸһġ
   
6.14 Чʽк֪Ƽ bug?

   뿴Чʽĵ
   
6.15 Чʽ ioctl ȣм?

   Ŀǰԭʼѵļ 4Front Technologies վ
   [36]http://www.opensound.com һԴ Linux Multimedia Guide
   οһ
   
6.16 Ҫȫƽ˳¼ҪǿCPUܰ쵽?

   ⲻûشȡ:
   
     * ʹ PCM ȡ FM ϳ
     * ȡʼС
     * ĸʽ¼
     * ЧӲ
     * ŵʣCPU ʱƵʣȡС
       
   һ˵κ 386 ϻӦö 8 λԪЧϲЧ
   FM ϳɷ֡
   
   Ȼ MOD Ҫɹ۵ CPU Դ һЩʵԵĲʾҪ 44KHz
   ţ Ҫһ 486/50 CPU  40% ; 386/25 ܷű 22KHz
   ߵȡʡ (8λԪЧԿ) һЩ Gravis
   UltraSound ĿӲṩ๦ܣ ҪCPUԴͽ١
   
   ЩǼûCPUĹ
   
   ĵѧ ( CPU ڲ FPU)  sox ĳʽ
   ЧתЧ첻١ Ȼʽûõ㡣
   
6.17 PAS16  Adaptec 1542 SCSI Ĵ

   (½seeker@indirect.comṩ)
   
   Linux ֻϳ 330(Ԥֵ) 334 λַϵ 1542 PAS ֻܽ
   MPU-401 ģ 330 ʹȥ MPU-401 ܣӲ廹
   Ԥλַϣ Ȼ 1542 塣  1542 Ƶ 334 ʲᶼˡ
   
   ⣬1542  PAS-16 õ 16 λԪ DMAһ 16 λԪ
   44KHz ¼һ潫浽 1542 ϵӲĻ鷳ˡ
    DMA ͬһ壬 RAM ûʱ磬Ȼͻ
   "PARITY ERROR - SYSTEM HALTED" ѶϢ֪ᵱġ 
   Щ QIC-117 ŴЭ̽趨ſ/ʱ䣬 ʹ 1542 ռ
   Ÿá  Adaptec  BBS  Internet طץ SCSISEL.EXE 
   ʽ BUS ON ʱ BUS OFF ʱ䣬ֱȫʧ SCSISEL
   ı EEPROM 趨Ա CONFIG.SYS  DOS ʽЧ
   ־ãֱӽ Linux ҲЧ( DOS ޲ʽ) ֽһ⡣
   
   һ - ɵ Symphony Ƭҵؽ I/O ʱ䣬ӿ
   ȡ ĸֿУ PAS-16 ⣬ûһƬڽʱг
   ֹ κ⡣ Media Vision  BBS и SYMPFIX.EXE Խ Symphony 
   ſλԪκ֢״Ⲣı֤ Ҳ
   Ҫ:
   
     * 徭̣ɰľƬ
     * 壬
     * ƵЧ
       
   Young Microsystems Ը $30()ĴΪƵİ; ܽ
   ˭ƵĻ˭ڵİӣĳҲܻ(ף) ֪
    ProAudio ĻŽ澧Ƭ; û˻Ứ $120 ЧȻ
   6MHz  AT ϡ ˻ 25-40MHz  386/486ȷ 
   ܳ 12MHz ϵĻƵʡ ˣ̨һϹ
   
   һ徧Ƭ飬ʣ BIOS 趨
   Բȱйء (?) ڶǣ浽ļ緽ʽ (ʽͬʽ)
   1542 DMA Ƶʼ I/O (й) ⣬Դ绰
   Media VisionЩ Symphony ƬƺǵĿݡ 
   ˾һ£ ʹλ"ʦ"Уͷǻȥ ǽ˵
   Ӳ彲ɶһ ʵԼĶ㲻
   
   ע: һοܺԭ˼ܶ࣬н벻ṩ
   
6.18 ɲͬʱ¼?

   һЩʽ֧Ԯ⹦ܡ 뿴 4Front Technologies վе
    ˽
   
6.19 ҵԿ 16  IRQ 2ʽ׼ֵ

    '286 ĻIRQ2 ж˵ڶжϿ ͬIRQ 9
   
6.20 뿪 Linux DOSȻЩ巢

   ů DOS ᷢ ʱѶϢΪ CONFIG.SYS 
   дˡ
   
   ڵЧ趨 IRQ  DMA 趨 Ŀ Linux ¼
   MSDOS/Windows 趨ֵһĻܻ⡣ ЩЧ׼²
    ȫ reset (ѵԴصٴ򿪣ʹӲϵresetť)
   
   򵥶ԸǰresetѿعٿҪů(
   Ctrl-Alt-Del)
   
   ȷMS-DOSLinux¶ͬIRQDMA趨 (Ǭ಻ҪDOS
   :-)
   
6.21  Linux  DOOM 

    ID software  DOOM Ϸ֮ Linux ǣ ܶȤ
   
   ҪȷЧʹ 2.90 Чʽ; ֧Ԯ˼ʱ
    DOOMģʽ
   
   Ч16 bit 8 bitЧȻһЩ
   [37]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/games/doomҵһЩʽ
   ֡
   
   DOOMЧȡ( sndserver )һЩĽ
   
   DOOM Ԥ費֧Ԯ( DOS ) musserver ʽLinuxµ ֧
   Ԯ  [38]ftp://pandora.st.hmc.edu/pub/linux/musserver.tgz 
   
   
6.22 Ч?

   øƷʵε£۲壬춼 Ч
   ťԲͬ趨() ûʽҪ
   (˷)档
   
   Philipp Braunbeck  ESS-1868 Чиرڽ
   ģ װϣܰ
   
   һ̨ 386 ϣҷֺиѡno-hltԽѶ ѡ
   кܡûȦʱҪ HLT ָ Կʱֶԣ 
   LILO 趨мappend="no-hlt"
   
   ЩЧ͵ϣûкõڱμӵأײ
   
6.23 ܷ¼

   ܷȴ¼:
     * ʹûʽѡʵԴ(˷)
     * ʹûʽԴ
     * ԵĻMS-DOS²ԣǲӲ巽
       
   ʱ¼õ DMA ͨǲͬġ °˳¼ DMA 趨
   ԡ
   
6.24 Ƚ DOS ʽȻҵ"ݿ"û

   £"Կ"  Linux Կʽö 
   ʽá ų( "16 λԪ SB Pro "  SB ݵ
   "16λԪ")ĿԿģʽṩ DOS Ϸġ 
   Լ 16 λԪģʽ Linux(2.0.1) ֧Ԯ
   
   ֻһЩ(ܾͨ)Ŀ볢Կģʽ ¿ֻһ⣬
    MwaveΪĿ
   
6.25 ҵ 16 λԪԿݿ Linux ֻ 8 λԪģʽ

   ųƺԿݵ 16 λԪЧʵֻ 8 λԪԿ Pro ݶѡ
   кԿ 16 ݵ 16 λԪģʽ Linux Чʽݡ
   
   Ҳ MAD16  MSS/WSS ʽᣬ 16 λԪģʽˡ
   
6.26 ҵõ Linux ЧӦ?

   һЩõĵ⣬Ѱ Linux רõЧӦ:
     * [39]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/sound/
     * [40]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/sound/
     * [41]ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/sound/
     * [42]ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/util/sound/
     * [43]ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/xtra/snd-kit/
     * [44]ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/ALPHA/sound/
       
6.27 ЧʽɲԱɿģ?

   µĺЧʽɿģ顣
   
   ο /usr/src/linux/Documentation/sound ĵ 
   Introduction  README.modules
   
6.28 ̨ܰЧ?

   oplbeepʽ
   [45]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/sound/oplbeep-2.3.tar.gz 
   
   
   һ֣ beep ʽ
   [46]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/patches/misc/modreq_beep.tg
   z ҵ
   
   modutils ׼иʽ޲֧ԮںҪʱ ִⲿʽ
   
   
   һЩЧϣԽPCЧϣͶ
   Ч ˡ
   
6.29 VoxWareʲ?

    4Front Technologies ۵ҵЧʽǰVoxWare
   USS(Unix Sound System)TASD(Чʽ) ֮ơ 
   ʽгϽ OSS(Open Sound System)  Linux а
   ʱOSS/Free
   
   ҪѶ 4Front Technologies վ (
   [47]http://www.opensound.com/)  [48]Linux Journal 1997 º
   дһƪ  OSS/Linux ¡
   
6.30 Sox/Play/Vplay ر "invalid block size 1024"

    1.3.67 еĸı()ʹ SNDCTL_DSP_GETBLKSIZE ioctl Ƿ
   ش 4096 ķʧЧ µʽС 4096
   bytes 飬˾ɹóʽ⡣
   
6.31 Чʽģᣬ趨ͱ

   ԽЧʽɿģ飬ʹ kerneld Զ뼰ȥ Ȼ
   һ - ģʱ 趨ֻعԤֵ 
   ЩЧ˵̫(Կ16)̫С Markus Gutschke
   (gutschk@uni-muenster.de)Ľ֮
   /etc/conf.modules мµһ:
   
options sound dma_buffsize=65536 && /usr/bin/setmixer igain 0 ogain 0 vol 75

   ЧʽִĻʽ(ڡ setmixer )
   dma_buffsize û壬ǱģΪ ҪһЩе
   ѡ иĳҪĻ趨ֵ
   
   ЧʽģڿԶ趨ڿ
   Զִ /etc/rc.d/rc.localнʽӽȥ
   
6.32 ֻ root ¼

    Readme.linux еԤὫЧ豸ɽ root ɶ Ϊ
   ȫϵ© · ʹ߿ԶЧ
   ˷Linuxϵͳ ԸıеȨ
   ޡ
   
   ԤİװһʹȻԲЧ ⲻɰȫϵķգ
   ʡܶ鷳
   
6.33 IBM ThinkPadϵЧӲ֧Ԯ?

    Linux ʹ IBM ThinkPad ϵ mwave Ч֮Ѷ
   /usr/src/linux/Documentation/sound/mwaveҵ ҲǺԭʼһ
   ݡ
   
6.34 ΪҵЧûлӦóʽ

   һЩɵ 8 λԪԿûл· ЩЧӦóʽҪҪܿ
   豸 ЩϾͻʧЧ Jens Werner (
   [49]werner@bert.emv.ing.tu-bs.de һⷨ /dev/mixer 
   /dev/nullᣬ һӦöܺˡ
   
6.35 SB16 CT4170 

    Scott Manley( [50]spm@star.arm.ac.uk)ṩ:
   
     һµԿ --  SB16 ǣÿʽ
     CT4170 ֻһ DMA ͨԵ趨ʱĴȡ 16
     λԪ DMA 鷳 ֮ǰѵڶ DMA  1ſͺ͹
     Ͻˡ
     
6.36  MIDI keyboard ӵЧ?

    Kim G S OEyhus ( [51]kim@pvv.ntnu.no)ṩ:
   
     ҵ·ԼЧļѰΰ keyboard  MIDI
     output ӵЧ MIDI input 򵥵µķʲᶼû
     ҵ Ƕʹͬһ豸/dev/midi OSS Чϵͳ
     ˡ ҵһַϣʹҷ һ򵥵
     ϳ MIDI ֧Ԯ:
     
      MIDI ֱӽ MIDI  KEYBOARD ӵЧ
     
     MIDI  keyboard һûкϳ keyboardֻһ MIDI out
      ͸ʵЧϵ 15 pin D-SUB Ӳ
     
      keyboard Чϵĺϳ豸һ
     keyboard Ƶĺϳ
     
     ֮ٱ³ʽ 'gcc -o prog prog.c' ִ:
     
#include <fcntl.h>

main()
{
  int fila;
  char b[256];

  fil=open("/dev/midi"O_RDWR);
  for(;;)
    {
      a=read(filb256);
      write(filba);
    }
}

6.37 IRQ 15 Լ Ensoniq PCI 128 ֮

    Matthew Inger ( [52]mattinger@mindless.com) ṩ:
   
      Ensoniq PCI 128 õѶ
     
     չֵԤֵ IRQ 15( Plug and Pray ø)
     жҲǵڶ IDE õģҲܺ豸 
     ǿ es1370 ʹж( Windows ¿ IRQ 11 һ)
     
     Ų㣬ҵĽ֮
     
     :
     
     a)  BIOS У֪û 弴 OSҵ
     BIOS е advanced options 
     
     b)  BIOS е PCI 趨ҪԱж 15  ISA豸 ҵ
     BIOS Advanced Options Уһ趨 PCI ģų
     һЩԴ PCI ã趨
     
     ؿ Linux ˡ (Ҳǵǲճʾ
     ѶϢ) Ϊȫִһ sndconfigųЧ
      ˡ Ȼҷ CD ʱǰˡ
     
     Windows Ǳ߾ͱµˣſһ ISA ModemһЧ
      ް
     
      BIOS ҵĿֻܲͬҪǰ潲趨ľͺá
     ףˡ
     
6.38 Ķץɢ MIDI patch SoftOSS ʹ?

   SoftOSS Ǻ Gravis UltraSound ݣ ںЧʽ岨
   αϳ(Ҳ˵Դ) ҪʹʽҪ GUS ݵ
   MIDI patch  ļϵ˵ "public domain MIDIA patchset available
   from several ftp sites" ( MIDIA patch ڼ ftp վҵ)
   
   ͬ 4Front Technologies վ˵(
   [53]http://www.opensound.com/softoss.html)ǿ
   [54]ftp://archive.cs.umbc.edu/pub/midia/instruments.tar.gz ء
   
7. ο

   Ƭ֧Ԯ CD-ROM  SCSI Ч [55]SCSI HOWTO Լ
   Linux [56]CD-ROM HOWTO ܿԸõѶ (ע: CDROM HOWTO
   İ [57]http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/CDROM-HOWTO.html)
   
   [58]Sound Playing HOWTO Linux²ŸֲͬЧֵ
   ܡ (ע: İ
   [59]http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/Sound-Playing-HOWTO.html)
   
   [60]Linux SoundBlaster AWE32/64 Mini-HOWTO Linux ʹԿ
   32  64 (ע: İ
   [61]http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/mini/Soundblaster-AWE.html)
   
   ʽѶ 4Front Technologies վ
   [62]http://www.opensound.com/pguideȡá
   
   µFAQUsenet [63]news.announce Լ
   [64]ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers:
     * PCsoundcards/generic-faq (Generic PC Soundcard FAQ)
     * PCsoundcards/soundcard-faq (comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard FAQ)
     * PCsoundcards/gravis-ultrasound/faq (Gravis UltraSound FAQ)
     * audio-fmts/part1 (Audio file format descriptions)
     * audio-fmts/part2 (Audio file format descriptions)
       
   ЩFAQҲгһЩͲƷص̳ͨ⡣ µUsenetҪ
   Ч ص:
   
     * [65]alt.binaries.sounds.* (ЧܶȺ)
     * [66]alt.binaries.multimedia (ý嵵)
     * [67]alt.sb.programmer (Կʽй)
     * [68]comp.multimedia (ýר)
     * [69]comp.music (ۼо)
     * [70]comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard.* (IBM PCЧȺ)
       
    [71]http://viswiz.gmd.de/MultimediaInfo/иý רվ̨
   Creative Labs վ [72]http://www.creaf.com/ MediaTrix վ
   [73]http://www.mediatrix.com/
   
   Linux̳ͨ춲ͬ(Ч)Ƶ ֪βμӣ һ
   Ϊ "help" ŵ [74]majordomo@vger.rutgers.edu òҪ
   趨Ч⣬ Ϊõġ
   
   ǰüˣЧʽܶReadme кܶʽ
   صѶ ǳ /usr/src/linux/drivers/soundĿ¼
   
   4Front Technologiesվ [75]http://www.opensound.com/ ϣԿ
   Linux  Unix ҵϵͳõҵЧʽOSSѶ
   
   Linux Software MapLinuxļѲο ùؼ sound Ѱ
   LSM ʶЧӲӦóʽ֮ð취 LSM ںܶ⣬
   [76]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/LSM/(ǰΪ sunsite) ҵ
    ҲЩվά Linux ӦóʽϿ⣬
   [77]http://www.freshmeat.net ֮һ
   
   Linux ļƻ(LDP)˺ü Linux 飬 Linux Installation
   and Getting Started ЩɴҪ Linux FTP ȡãǻǮ
   Ӳʽļ
   
   أȻЩ֮ӣڴ˴С: ѧѧ
    Linux µĶý (رǹ CD-ROM ЧӦüʽ
   )ұ Linux Multimedia GuideISBN 1-56592-219-0
   O'Reilly and Associates ˾档 ԭʼӢİ⣬ İİ
   ҲӡС ڱޣ 800-998-9938 ǹվ̨:
   [78]http://www.ora.com/catalog/multilinux/noframes.html ˵ַ
   [79]http://www.pobox.com/~tranter/

References

   1. mailto:jeff_tranter@pobox.com
   2. mailto:yorkwu@ms4.hinet.net
   3. mailto:hannu@voxware.pp.fi
   4. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/utils/text/sgml-tools-0.99.0.tar.gz
   5. news:comp.os.linux.answers
   6. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/
   7. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/
   8. http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/Sound-HOWTO.html
   9. http://www.freenix.org/unix/linux/HOWTO/
  10. http://yebisu.ics.es.osaka-u.ac.jp/linux/
  11. http://kldp.linux-kr.org/HOWTO/html/Sound/Sound-HOWTO.html
  12. http://www.phtd.tpu.edu.ru/~ott/russian/linux/howto-rus/Sound-HOWTO.html
  13. ftp://ftp.insflug.org/es
  14. http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/
  15. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/
  16. mailto:jeff_tranter@pobox.com
  17. mailto:yorkwu@ms4.hinet.net
  18. mailto:linux-howto@metalab.unc.edu
  19. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/COPYRIGHT.html
  20. http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/COPYRIGHT.html
  21. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/unmaintained/SCSI-HOWTO
  22. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/CDROM-HOWTO.html
  23. http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/CDROM-HOWTO.html
  24. http://www.opensound.com/
  25. http://www.alsa-project.org/
  26. mailto:mum@mmk.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de
  27. http://www.cs.colorado.edu/~mccreary/tbeach
  28. mailto:burgaard@daimi.aau.dk
  29. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/sound/mpu401-0.2.tar.gz
  30. ftp://ftp.infomatik.hu-berlin.de/pub/os/linux/hu-sound/
  31. http://www.redhat.com/
  32. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Kernel-HOWTO.html
  33. http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/Kernel-HOWTO.html
  34. ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/sound/snd-data-0.1.tar.Z
  35. http://www.altavista.digital.com/
  36. http://www.opensound.com/
  37. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/games/doom
  38. ftp://pandora.st.hmc.edu/pub/linux/musserver.tgz
  39. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/sound/
  40. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/sound/
  41. ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/sound/
  42. ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/util/sound/
  43. ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/xtra/snd-kit/
  44. ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/ALPHA/sound/
  45. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/sound/oplbeep-2.3.tar.gz
  46. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/patches/misc/modreq_beep.tgz
  47. http://www.opensound.com/
  48. http://www.ssc.com/lj/
  49. mailto:werner@bert.emv.ing.tu-bs.de
  50. mailto:spm@star.arm.ac.uk
  51. mailto:kim@pvv.ntnu.no
  52. mailto:mattinger@mindless.com
  53. http://www.opensound.com/softoss.html
  54. ftp://archive.cs.umbc.edu/pub/midia/instruments.tar.gz
  55. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/unmaintained/SCSI-HOWTO
  56. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/CDROM-HOWTO.html
  57. http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/CDROM-HOWTO.html
  58. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Sound-Playing-HOWTO.html
  59. http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/Sound-Playing-HOWTO.html
  60. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/mini/Soundblaster-AWE.html
  61. http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/mini/Soundblaster-AWE.html
  62. http://www.opensound.com/pguide
  63. news:news.announce
  64. ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers
  65. news:alt.binaries.sounds
  66. news:alt.binaries.multimedia
  67. news:alt.sb.programmer
  68. news:comp.multimedia
  69. news:comp.music
  70. news:comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
  71. http://viswiz.gmd.de/MultimediaInfo/
  72. http://www.creaf.com/
  73. http://www.mediatrix.com/
  74. mailto:majordomo@vger.rutgers.edu
  75. http://www.opensound.com/
  76. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/LSM/
  77. http://www.freshmeat.net/
  78. http://www.ora.com/catalog/multilinux/noframes.html
  79. http://www.pobox.com/~tranter/
