
                              KERNELD MINI-HOWTO



   Version 1.7, last updated: July 19, 1997 by Henrik Storner
   (storner@osiris.ping.dk)

   : 1998 10 3, 翵(cychong@metro.telecom.samsung.co.kr)

=============================================================================

Ұϴ 


      Ŀ kerneld Լ ϴ   Ѵ.
   ⿡

     * kerneld  ΰ?
     *  kerneld  ϱ ϴ ?
     * ʿ ͵  ϴ°?
     *   ϴ°?
     * kerneld 𸣴  óϱ
     * kerneld ۾ (can be useful in setting it up).
     * Ư kerneld 
     *  ߻ϴ  weirdness


      ֱ  http://eolicom.olicom.dk/~storner
   /kerneld-mini-HOWTO.html    ִ.
   http://eolicom.olicom.dk/~storner/kern.html ϸ 
   mini-HOWTO     ߰   ̴.

Credits


      Ʋ  ߰ϸ  ˷ֱ ٶ. 
     mini-HOWTO  ̴.
     * Bjorn Ekwall <bj0rn@blox.se>
     * Ben Galliart <bgallia@luc.edu>
     * Cedric Tefft <cedric@earthling.net>
     * Brian Miller <bmiller@netspace.net.au>
     * James C. Tsiao <jtsiao@madoka.jpl.nasa.gov>



    mini-HOWTO   ִ ݷ ȿ ſ Ѵ.


=============================================================================

kerneld  ΰ??



   kerneld Ejorn Ekwall  Ŀ   1.3 Ұ ̴.
   ̰ 2.0 2.1 Ŀο  ԵǾ ִ.  kerneld Ŀ
   "" - ٽ ϸ ̽ ̹, Ʈũ ̹,  ý
    -  ڰ  modprobe insmod  ʰ, ڰ
   ش    ڵ ε  ֵ Ѵ.

   ׸  ǥ Ŀΰ յ ʾ    ɵ
    ִ.

     * ⺻ ũ 귩Ŀ   α׷ ۽ų  ־, ٸ
       ũ ̹   ִ.
     * ũ Ŀ  ϰ ǥ ܼ  Ҹ  ٸ 
       ٲ  ִ.

   kerneld    ƼƼ ȴ.

     *  Ŀ  ۾ ʿ 󿡰 ȣ(request)  
       ְ Ѵ.
     * Ŀηκ ȣ Ű   α׷ εǾ ϴ
       ˾Ƴ   .

    ΰ κ  kerneld ϴµ ݵ ʿ ɵ̴. 
      ϳ  Ǿ   ʴ´.



=============================================================================

 kerneld  ϱ ϴ°?



   kerneld ϴµ    ִ. ⼭ ϴ ͵
    츦  ̴. ٸ   ٸ   
   ̴.
     *  ݾ ٸ     ýۿ  Ŀ
        Ѵٸ -   ٸ  Ʈũ ī - ڴ
        ý۸ ٸ Ŀ  ʿ ϳ Ŀ   
          ִ.
     *  ڵ    ׽Ʈ  ִ. ڴ Ư ̹
        εϰų εϱ  ý Ʈ ʿ䰡 .(̰
       ܼ kerneld ε  Ӹ ƴ϶  ⿡ ȴ)
     * kerneld Ŀ ޸ 뷮 ٿش.  ٸ ø̼
       µ    ޸𸮸   ִ. Ŀ ϴ ޸𸮴
       **  ƿ(Swap Out,  : ڿ شٴ ǹ)
       ʴ´. ׷Ƿ  Ŀ     ʴ ̹
       100kb ޸𸮸 Ҵߴٸ ̰  RAM  ̴.
     *  ϴ  ͵ -   ftape ÷  ̹
       iBCS -   ·θ ̿  ִ. ׷  Ź  
        ʿ  εϴ ŷο ް  ʴ.
     *     284 ٸ Ʈ ̹ 
       ; ʴ´.   ڽ  ϵ ʿ ̹
       εϸ ȴ. ̷ ν   4.0 ȴ.


    ڰ ̷  ϰ     ̴.
      ̹ Ե ϳ Ŀ ̹ ʿ  𸥴.
   ̷ 쿡   д  ð  ̴.


=============================================================================

ʿ ͵  ϴ°?



   Ŀο kerneld   Ŀ 1.3.57 ԵǾ. 
   ڰ ̰ͺ    Ŀ  ִµ kerneld
   ϰ ʹٸ Ŀ   Ѵ.   ftp Ʈ
   Ŀ ҽ  ִ - ϸ  ֱ   2.0
   ׷̵ ϱ Ѵ.

   ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/v2.0/linux-2.0.29.tar.gz
   ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/sources/system/v2.0/linux-2.0.29.tar.gz
   ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/v2.0/linux-2.0.29.tar.gz

      modules-1.2.8  ο modules-2.0 Ű 
   Ǿ ִ. ̰͵  Ŀ ҽ  ҿ    Ʒ
    ̴.

   ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/v2.0/modules-2.0.0.tar.gz
   ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/sources/sbin/modules-2.0.0.tar.gz
   ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/tools/modules-2.0.0.tar.gz

   :  ڰ ֱ 2.1    ε  ̿ϰ
    ֱ modutils-(modules-  ƴ϶) Ű ؾ Ѵ. ׷
   Ʒ ִ 2.1 Ŀΰ    ߻  ִ  
   Ȯؾ Ѵ.


=============================================================================

  ϴ°?



    ʿ ͵ Ѵ:   Ŀΰ ֽ 
   modules-utilities. ׸ modules-utilities νؾ Ѵ.  ۾
   ſ ϴ. ҽ Ǭ  make install Ѵ. ̰ genksysm,
   insmod, lsmod, modprobe, depmod, kerneld  Ͽ /sbin νѴ.
   ׸ ڰ  Ҷ ʿ ۾ ̷ ŸƮ
   ũƮ ʿ  ߰ϴ  .   
   /etc/rc.d/rc.S ( ) ̳ /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit (,
   , Į  SysVinit ϴ ) ߰Ѵ.

        # Start kerneld - this should happen very early in the
        # boot process, certainly BEFORE you run fsck on filesystems
        # that might need to have disk drivers autoloaded
        if [ -x /sbin/kerneld ]
        then
                /sbin/kerneld
        fi

        # Your standard fsck commands go here
        # And you mount command to mount the root fs read-write

        # Update kernel-module dependencies file
        # Your root-fs MUST be mounted read-write by now
        if [ -x /sbin/depmod ]
        then
                /sbin/depmod -a
        fi

   ù° κ kerneld ڽ Ű ̴.

   ι° κ Ҷ 'depmod -a' ȣѴ. depmod α׷ 
      Ʈ  װ͵   мϿ  
   εǱ    εǾ ϴ ˰ ش.


    : ֱ  kerneld GNU dbm ̺귯, libgdbm ũϴ 
   ɼ ´.  module-utilites Ҷ   ȰȭŲ 
   libgdbm  kerneld  ʴ´.   /usr ٸ Ƽ
    ϰ /usr ƮǱ  kerneld ϴ ̴. ̷ 
   /usr/lib libgdbm /lib űų kerneld  ũ 
   Ѵ.

   , Ŀ ҽ Ǯ configure ϰ Ŀ .  ̷ 
      ٸ Linux Ŀ ҽ Ʈ 丮 ִ README ݵ
   о Ѵ. make config        ￩
   Ѵ.

  Enable loadable module support (CONFIG_MODULES) [Y/n/?] Y
   Loadable module support   kerneld ε  
   ȴ. ׷Ƿ Yes ؾ Ѵ.

  Kernel daemon support (CONFIG_KERNELD) [Y/n/?] Y
   ̰  ݵ ʿ ̴.  Ŀο    ִ
   پ ͵ õ ̴.  

  Normal floppy disk support (CONFIG_BLK_DEV_FD) [M/n/y/?]

   ⼭ M ϸ ش   ϵȴ. Ϲ ý
   ƮҶ ʿ ̽ - ϵũ ̹, Ʈ  ý 
   ̹ Ŀο ϸ ȴ.      ִ.

   'make config'  'make dep', 'make clean', 'make zImage' Ȥ
   'make zlilo', 'make modules' ׸ 'make modules_install' ʷ
   Ѵ.

   'make zImage' ο Ŀ ̹ arch/i386/boot/zImage 丮
    ̴. ̰ Ʈ ̹ δ ̳ LILO ġϴ  
   ϸ ȴ.

   Ŀ ϰ ϴ     ˰ 
   comp.os.linux.answers ֱ Ʈǰ sunsite.unc.edu
   /pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO Kernel-HOWTO Ѵ.


=============================================================================

kerneld  



    ο Ŀη ƮѴ. ý ƮǸ 'ps -ax' Ͽ
      ִ  Ȯ .

    PID TTY STAT  TIME COMMAND
     59  ?  S     0:01 /sbin/kerneld

   kerneld ؼ   Ѱ ѹ ڰ Ŀ  
   ġ  ȯ漳ϴµ ٸ ۾ ʿ ʴ´ٴ ̴.
     Ϸ ϴ ̹ ϳ  . Ƹ
   ߰  ̵   ̴.  ÷ ̹  ϰ
   DOS ÷ ũ ̺꿡 ־.

   osiris:~ $ mdir a:
   Volume in drive A has no label
   Volume Serial Number is 2E2B-1102
   Directory for A:/

   binuti~1 gz       1942 02-14-1996  11:35a binutils-2.6.0.6-2.6.0.7.diff.gz
   libc-5~1 gz      24747 02-14-1996  11:35a libc-5.3.4-5.3.5.diff.gz
          2 file(s)        26689 bytes


   ÷ ̹ Ѵ. ̰ Ź ÷ ũ  
   kerneld  ڵ εȴ.

    ÷  εǾ ˾ƺ  /sbin/lsmod غ
    ε    ִ.

   osiris:~ $ /sbin/lsmod
   Module:        #pages:  Used by:
   floppy            11    0 (autoclean)

   "(autoclean)"   ̻   ڵ kerneld
    ŵȴٴ  ǹѴ. ׷Ƿ 11 ŭ ޸(
    4kB̹Ƿ  44kB)   ÷ ̺긦 Ҷ
   ȴٴ  ǹѴ.    ̻ ÷Ǹ  
   ÷ ̺ ⿡ Ҵ ޸𸮴 ȴ. ̷  
   ø̼ ޸    ſ ϴ.


=============================================================================

  ε  kerneld  ϴ°?



     ⿡ ؼ kerneld   ְ δ
   kerneld Ŀ û   óؾϴ    ִ. Ѱ
   ̻  ϴ CD-ROM ̹ Ʈũ ̹ ̷ 
   ̴.

   Ŀηκ kerneld 󿡰 ޵Ǵ 䱸   ϳ̴.

     *  ̽ ̹(a block-device driver)
     *  ̽ ̹(a character-device driver)
     * ̳ʸ (a binary format)
     * tty line discipline
     *  ý(a filesystem)
     * Ʈũ ̽(a network device)
     * Ʈũ (a network service (e.g. rarp))
     * Ʈũ (a network protocol (e.g. IPX))

   kerneld   εǾ ϴ /etc/conf.modules  ˻
   ؼ Ѵ. ⿡ ΰ ׸ ִµ θ(ε  
   ִ ) (alias: ε  ̸) װ̴.   
    ʴ´ٸ     ִ.

   /sbin/modprobe -c | grep -v '^path' >/etc/conf.modules

    ⺻ н ٸ н ߰Ϸ, ߰Ϸ н Ӹ ƴ϶
    ⺻ н ߰ؾ Ѵ. ̰ /etc/conf.modules н
   modprobe ˰ ִ ⺻ н  üϱ ̴.

   밳 ڴ ̷ θ   Էϰ ; ʰ 
   ̷ ۾ ̷ ٶ ̴.

   alias ٸ ɼ  ߰ϰ ʹٸ /etc/conf.modules ߰ 
   modprobe ̹ ˰ ִ Ϳ ߰ ̴.  ڰ alias ɼ
   Ͽٸ, /etc/conf.modules  ⺻   ̴.



   ̽(Block devices)
  ----------------------------

   '/sbin/modprobe -c' ϸ kerneld ˰ ִ  ϰ 
   ȣ ̰Ͱ Ǿ ִ ǥõȴ.   ÷ ̹
   εϵ ϴ ȣ  ȣ 2   ̴̽.

   osiris:~ $ /sbin/modprobe -c | grep floppy
   alias block-major-2 floppy

      ȣ 2ϱ?   /dev/fd* ÷ ̽ 
   ȣ 2 ϰ  ̱̽ ̴.

   osiris:~ $ ls -l /dev/fd0 /dev/fd1
   brw-rw-rw-   1 root     root       2,   0 Mar  3  1995 /dev/fd0
   brw-r--r--   1 root     root       2,   1 Mar  3  1995 /dev/fd1



  ĳ ̽(Character devices)
  ----------------------------------

   ĳ ̽   óȴ.   ftape ÷ ̹
     ȣ 27 ´.

   osiris:~ $ ls -lL /dev/ftape
   crw-rw----   1 root     disk      27,   0 Jul 18  1994 /dev/ftape

   ׷ ⺻ kerneld ftape ̹  Ѵ. ̰
   '/sbin/modprobe -c'  Ͽ  ʴ.

   ׷Ƿ kerneld ftape ̹ εϵ Ϸ /etc/conf.modules
      ߰ؾ Ѵ.

   alias char-major-27 ftape



  Ʈũ ̽(Network devices)
  ----------------------------------

   ڴ 'char-major-xxx'  'block-major-yyy'   ̽
   ̸   ִ. ̰  Ʈũ ̽ Ư ϴ.
     eth0 ϴ ne2000 Ʈũ ī   
   ε  ִ.

   alias eth0 ne

     ɼ ڷ ѱ -   Ʈũ ī尡 
   IRQ  - 'options' ߰Ѵ.

   options ne irq=5

   ̰ kerneld NE2000 ̹   εϵ Ѵ.

   /sbin/modprobe ne irq=5

     ɼ ڰ εϷ ⿡Ը ȴ.



  ̳ʸ (Binary formats)
  -----------------------------

   ̳ʸ     óȴ. ڰ kerneld 
   ε  𸣴 α׷   kerneld 'binfmt-xxx' 
   䱸Ѵ. ̶ xxx ̳ʸ  ù°  Ʈκ Ǵ 
   ̴. ׷Ƿ ZMAGIC (a.out) ̳ʸ   binfmt_aout εϱ
    kerneld 

   alias binfmt-267 binfmt_aout

   ZMAGIC Ͽ   ѹ(/etc/magic ) 267̴.(/etc/magic 
    ڰ 0413 ǥõǾ  ̴. ׷ ̰ kerneld 8
   ϱ ̰, 8 413 10 267̴. a.out  Ͽ ؼ
   ݾ ٸ 3  Ѵ. ׷Ƿ ̰͵ θ ϴ
   binfmt_aout εϷ

   alias binfmt-264 binfmt_aout  # pure executable (NMAGIC)
   alias binfmt-267 binfmt_aout  # demand-paged executable (ZMAGIC)
   alias binfmt-204 binfmt_aout  # demand-paged executable (QMAGIC)

   a.out, Java ׸ iBCS   kerneld  ڵ νĵǹǷ
   Ư  ʿ.



  Line disciplines (slip, cslip and ppp)
  --------------------------------------

   Line disciplines "tty-ldisc-x"  ûǴµ ̶ 'x' 밳 1
   (SLIP) ̰ų 3 (PPP)̴.  ΰ  kerneld  ڵ
   νĵȴ.

   PPP  ppp  bsd_comp    εϰ  
      /etc/conf.modules ߰ؾ Ѵ.

   alias tty-ldisc-3 bsd_comp
   alias ppp0 bsd_comp


  Ʈũ  йи (IPX, AppleTalk, AX.25)
  ------------------------------------------------

    Ʈũ    ε  ִ. Ŀ "net-pf-X"
     kerneld  йи  ûѴ. ̶ X
   ϰ ϴ йи ǥϴ ȣ̴.   net-pf-3 AX.25
   ̰, net-pf-4 IPX ׸ net-pf-5 AppleTalk̴.( ȣ
    ҽ  include/linux/socket.h  ǵ AF_AX25, AF_IPX 
    ȴ. ( : ͳݿ  Ǵ IP ݰ 2 ̴)
   ׷Ƿ IPX  ڵ εϷ   
   /etc/conf.modules Էؾ Ѵ.

   alias net-pf-4 ipx


   ! Ȯ !
    Ʒ   Ҷ ǵ   йи õ
    ޽ ߻   óϴ  ˾ƺ.


   ý
  -----------

    ýۿ  kerneld ȣ  ý Ÿ ̸̴. 
   "iso9660"  ý Ÿ  CD-ROM  ýۿ  isofs 
   εϷ Ʒ  Ѵ.

   alias iso9660 isofs



=============================================================================

Ư  ʿϴ ̽



    ̽ alias ؼ ̽    .

     * major 10  ĳ ̽
     * SCSI ̽
     * Ư ʱȭ ʿϴ ̽


  char-major-10 : Mice, watchdogs and randomness
  ----------------------------------------------

   ϵ ̽ 밳  ̽ ȣ  ȴ.  
   ftape char-major-27 ̴. ׷ /dev   ĳ  ȣ
   10  ׸   ִµ ̰ ſ پ ̽  ȴ.

     * پ  콺(bus mice, PS/2 mice)
     * Watchdog devices
     * The kernel 'random' device
     * APM (Advanced Power Management) interface

   и ̷ ̽ ϳ ƴ  ٸ ⿡  ȴ.
   ׷Ƿ ̰͵鿡  kerneld   ȣ ̳ ȣ ؾ
   Ѵ.

        alias char-major-10-1 psaux     # For PS/2 mouse
        alias char-major-10-130 wdt     # For WDT watchdog


   ̰ ϱ ؼ Ŀ  1.3.82̻̾ Ѵ.  
   kerneld  ̳ ȣ Ѱ ʾ kerneld  ̽ 
   ε  Ѵ.


  SCSI ̹ εϱ: scsi_hostadpater ׸
  ---------------------------------------------

   SCSI ̽  ̹ SCSI ȣƮ (  Adaptec 1542)
    ڰ ϴ SCSI ̽ Ÿ -   ϵ ũ, CD-ROM
   ׸  ̺ -   ̹ ȴ.   ͵ 
   ε  ִ. ׷   Adaptec card  CD-ROM 
     Ŀΰ kerneld SCSI CD-ROM ϱ  sr_mod  εؾ
   Ѵٴ ͸ ˰ CD-ROM  SCSI Ʈѷ ؼ 𸥴. ׷Ƿ
   SCSI Ʈѷ ϴ   εؾ   𸥴.

   ̷  ذϷ /etc/conf.modules SCSI ̹ ׸񿡼
   پ SCSI Ʈѷ ߿   kerneld εؾ  Ѵ.

        alias scd0 sr_mod               # sr_mod for SCSI CD-ROM's ...
        alias scsi_hostadapter aha1542  # ... need the Adaptec driver

   ̷  Ŀ 1.3.82 ̻  ϴ.

     ۾  ϳ SCSI Ʈѷ   Ѵ. 
   ϳ ̻ Ʈѷ ִٸ    ۾ ؾ Ѵ.

   Ϲ ٸ ȣƮ Ϳ  ̹ ġǾ ִٸ kerneld
   SCSI ȣƮ Ϳ  ̹ ε  . - ݵ ΰ 
   ̹ Ŀο ԽŰ( ƴ϶)   εؾ Ѵ.

   ׷ kerneld  SCSI ̹ εϵ ϴ  ִ.
   Ʒ  James Tsiao ̵̴.:

   kerneld ι° SCSI ̹ εϵ Ϸ modules.dep 
   Ͽ   ȴ.  Ʒ  ϸ ȴ.

      /lib/modules/2.0.30/scsi/st.o: /lib/modules/2.0.30/scsi/aha1542.o

   kerneld st.o εϱ  aha1542.o ε ̴.  ִ
    ǻͿ    ְ ̰  CD-ROM ׸ Ϲ
   SCSI ̽(generic scsi devices)  Ѵ. ̶ 
   'depmod -a'     ˻ ϹǷ ڰ  ߰ϰ,
   Ҷ 'depmod -a' ؼ ȵȴٴ ̴. ׷ ѹ  Ǹ
   kerneld ڵ aha1542.o εѴ.

     ؾ   ̷   ٸ   Ʈѷ ٸ
   SCSI ̽  Ѵٴ ̴.   Ѱ Ʈѷ
   ϵ ũ ְ, ٸ Ʈѷ CD-ROM ̺곪  Ȥ
   Ϲ SCSI ̽ ִ ̴.


   εϴ ͸  
   : ġ  ׸(The 'post-install' entry)
  -----------------------------------------

     εϴ ͸ε    ִ.  
    ϵ  ī尡 , ʱⰪ Ҹ ϴ 
   Ѵ. ̶     εɶ ٴ ̴.
    Ben Galliart(bgallia@luc.edu) ˷ ذ̴:

     setmix-0.1 Ű (ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps
   /sound/mixers/setmix-0.1.tar.gz )  ġϴ ̴.

   ׸    /etc/conf.modules ߰Ѵ:

       post-install sound /usr/local/bin/setmix -f /etc/volume.conf

   ̰   ε  kerneld "post-install sound" 
   ɾ Ų. ׷Ƿ   '/usr/local/bin/setmix -f
   /etc/volume.conf' κ Ҹ   ȴ.

   ̷  tunelp α׷ ȯ  ؾϴ lp  
   ٸ ⿡ Ѵ.

        post-install lp tunelp <options>

   kerneld ̷ ɼ νϷ 1.3.69f     kerneld
   ʿϴ.

   :   mini-HOWTO  kerneld  ϱ  Ű
   "pre-remove"  ɾ  ϰ ִ. ׷ ̰  
    ʾ,  kerneld  ŵ  ȴ.  
   õ  ̽  ̰   аԵǴ  ̹ 
   ȭ Ͼ ̴.


=============================================================================

kerneld ۾ 


      õغҴµ Ŀ kerneld 䱸ϴ ۾
    𸦶, kerneld ޴ ȣ Ȯ   ִ.  
   /etc/conf.modules   ־ ϴ   ְ ȴ. ̶ ϴ
    kdstat ƿƼ̴.

     α׷  Ű ԵǾ  ⺻ ϵǰų
   ġ ʴ´. ̰ Ϸ

   cd /usr/src/modules-2.0.0/kerneld
   make kdstat

    kerneld   ۾ ̷ ִ ȭ鿡 ǥϵ Ϸ
   kdstat debug Ų. ׷ kerneld ֿܼ    Ͼ
   ִ ޽ ǥѴ. ̶ ڰ ϰ ;ϴ ɾ
   Ű kerneld request    ̴.  ̰
   /etc/conf.modules ߰ϰ ⿡  alias Ѵ.

     '/sbin/kdstat nodebug' Ų.


=============================================================================

kerneld Ư 


     ũ̹  ϴ  ˰ ; ̴.

    Ű 'kerneld/GOODIES' 丮 ũ̹  Ŀ
   ġ ϰ ִ. ̰͵  Ŀ Ϻδ ƴϴ. ׷Ƿ
   ڰ  Ŀ ġϰ Ŀ ؾ Ѵ.

   ġ ġϷ "patch" ɾ Ѵ.

   cd /usr/src/linux
   patch -s -p1 </usr/src/modules-2.0.0/kerneld/GOODIES/blanker_patch

   ׸ ο Ŀ ٽ   ġѴ.

   ũ ̹ η ٲ kerneld "/sbin/screenblanker" Ų.
     ڰ ϴ ũ ̹ ۽Ű ũƮ̴.

   Ŀ ũ ̹  ߷ /sbin/screenblanker 
   μ SIGQUIT ñ׳ . ڰ   ũƮ
   ũ̹ ̰   ؾ Ѵ. ̶  ؽƮ 
   ؾ Ѵٴ  ؾ Ѵ.


=============================================================================

 ߻ϴ 


   ifconfig  "Cannot locate module for net-pf-X" ޽
  ǥõǴ°?
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Ŀ 1.3.80 Ʈŷ ڵ  йи(  AX.25
   AppleTalk)  ε  ֵ Ǿ. ̸  ο kerneld
   request: net-pf-X ߰Ǿ.(̶ X  Ű ȣ,  ȣ
    ˷ /usr/src/linux/include/linux/socket.h Ȯ )
   ϰԵ ifconfig   ޽ ƮŽ   ý
   Ҷ loopback ̽ ϱ  ifconfig ų ̷
   ޽  ȴ.   ޽    ƴϰ  
     /etc/conf.modules ߰Ͽ ޽ Ÿ ʰ   ִ.

        alias net-pf-3 off      # Forget AX.25
        alias net-pf-4 off      # Forget IPX
        alias net-pf-5 off      # Forget AppleTalk

    IPX  ϰ Ѵٸ    ߰ؼ ȵȴ.



  kerneld   ppp  ȰȭŰ ǻͰ ڱ .
  --------------------------------------------------------------------

   ̷ 뿡     ־. ̴ kerneld tkPPP ũƮ
   ̿   Ͼ  ȴ. tkPPP ũƮ 
   ýۿ PPP  ϰ ͸ϴµ Ǵµ  ũƮ
   ifconfig ϴ   . ̰ kerneld Ͽ net-pf-X
    ã ϰ, ý ε带   ý۷α׿
   "Cannot locate module for net-pf-X" ޽ Ƴ Ѵ. 
   tkPPP  ʰų ٸ  PPP  ͸ϵ ϴ 
   ۿ .



  kerneld SCSI ̹ ε ʴ´.
  ---------------------------------------------

   /etc/conf.modules SCSI ȣƮ͸ ߰Ѵ.   ʿ ִ
   scsi_hostadapter   Ȯ .



  modprobe "gcc2_compiled" ǵǾ  ʴٰ Ÿ.
  ------------------------------------------------------------

   ̰ 2.6.0.9   binutils  module-utilities 
   ̴. ׸ ̷  binutils  releasenote ȭǾ ִ.
     о  . Ȥ modules-2.0.0   ׸ ģ
   module-utilities ׷̵Ѵ.



   ̹    ڲ ؾ.
  ------------------------------------------------------

   ⿡    εɶ  ü ȴ. ׷Ƿ kerneld
     ڵ εϸ ڰ   ư 
     εϸ ⺻ ȴ.

   ̷  ذϱ   ڵ ε  α׷ 
     ٲٵ   ִ.   "post-install" ׸ о.



  DOSEMU   ʿ ϴµ kerneld ̰͵  εϵ
  ϴ°?
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

   ̰ Ұϴ.  dosemu  -  ̰ ߹̰-
   kerneld  dosemu  εϴ   ʴ´. ׷
    2.0.26̳   Ŀ ϰ ִٸ  ̻  dosemu
    ʿ ʴ.  dosemu 0.66.1 ׷̵ϸ ȴ.



   "Ouch, kerneld timed out, message failed"  ޽ µǴ°?
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Ŀ kerneld  ȣ(request)  1   ȣ
   (Acknowledgement)   Ѵ.  kerneld   ȣ
    Ѵٸ  ޽ αϿ ϵȴ. Ŀ ȣ(request)
   ٽ  ̰ ᱹ ذ  ̴.

   ̰ 밳 ýۿ ε尡   Ͼ. ̰ kerneld  
   μ̱  ý ٸ μó 층ȴ. ׷Ƿ ε尡
   Ҷ kerneld Ÿ ƿ Ǳ  Ŀο  ȣ(acknowledgement)
        ִ.

    ε尡    ̷  ߻ϸ kerneld ٽ  .
   (kerneld μ Ű /usr/sbin/kerneld  ٽ Ų)
      ߻Ѵٸ linux-kernel@vger.rutgers.edu  .
   ̶  ϱ  kernel kerneld ֽ  Ȯؾ
   Ѵ.



  kerneld  ý  εҶ mount ٸ ʴ´.
  --------------------------------------------------------------------
   mount(8) ɾ kerneld Ͻý  ε  ٸ ʴ
   ٴ  ־. lsmod kerneld  εߴٰ  , mount
   ݺϸ Ʈ    ̴. ̰ module-utilities 1.3.69f 
    ׷ ̴µ ̰ Debian ڿ  ģ. ֽ 
   module-utilities ϸ  ذ  ִ.



  kerneld ncpfs  ε Ѵ.
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
   ncpfs ƿƼ Ҷ ݵ -DHAVE_KERNELDɼ ־ Ѵ.
   ncpfs Makefile 캻.



  kerneld smbfs  ε Ѵ.
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Ƹ smbmount ƿƼ    ̴. ֽ (0.10̳
    )  Ѵ.

   ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/filesystems/smbfs/



      ߴµ ý õ ʴ´.
  kerneld   ý  ε Ѵ.
  ---------------------------------------------------------

        . Ŀ Ʈ  ý Ʈ 
   ֵ  ̹  ־ ϰ kerneld Űµ ʿ
   α׷  ־ Ѵ. ׷Ƿ   ͵  
    .

     * Ʈ  ý ִ ϵũ ̹
     *   ý ̹
     * init  binary foramt loader, kerneld ׸ ٸ α׷

   [     ƴϴ. 1.3.x    2.x  Ŀ
   initial ram-disk LILO LOADLIN  ε  ֵ ϰ, Ʈ
      "ũ" ε  ִ. ڼ  Ŀ ҽ
   Documentation/initrd.txt Ͽ   ִ.]



  kerneld ƮҶ ε ʰ libgdbm  Ѵ.
  ---------------------------------------------------------

   ο  kerneld ϴµ GNU dbm ̺귯 libgdbm.so 䱸Ѵ.
   밳 /usr/lib   ġ Ȥó /usr  ý εϱ
    kerneld ų  ִ.   kerneld ƮҶ 
   , ý õ  ڰ  kerneld ѵ .
   ذ  /usr  Ʈ  kerneld ŸƮ  űų gdbm ̺귯
    Ʈ  ý -   /lib -  ű.



  "Cannot load module xxx" ޽ ǥõ, Ŀ Ҷ xxx
  ԽŰ ʾҴ.
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------

   (Ȥ ٸ ) پ ⿡  /etc/rc.d/rc.modules
   modprobe Ų. ̶   modprobe ΰ  Ŀ 
   . ׷Ƿ Ŀ 缳ϸ鼭 rc.modules Ե  
   ġϿٸ  ߻Ű ȴ. ׷Ƿ rc.modules  ʴ
    ּ ٲٰ,  ߰  ּ ǥø Ͽ kerneld
   ʿ       ֵ Ѵ.



  Ŀΰ  ٽ Ͽµ  Ҷ unresolved symbols
  ޽ ǥõȴ.
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------

   Ƹ ڴ Ŀ 缳ϰ ٽ Ͽ   ܽ
   ̴.    ̻  ʴ  /lib/modules 丮
    ְ ȴ. ̷  ذϴ    /lib/modules/x.y.z
   丮  Ŀ ҽ 丮 'make modules_install' ٽ
   ϴ ̴. ̶  ٲ ʰ Ŀ 缳  ߻Ѵ.
    ο Ŀ  ٲپ ̷  ٸ,  ٸ
     ߻ ̴.



   Ŀ 2.1 ġߴµ  ε ʴ´.
  ----------------------------------------------------

    Ŀ 2.1   Ŀ ̴. ׷Ƿ  ͵ ÷
    ̴.  ũ ٲ  ϳ  óϴ  Ŀΰ
    ޸𸮿 εǴ ̴.  Richard Henderson  Ŀ
    å ִ.

   ؼ ڸ,  Ŀ 2.1   ϰ ʹٸ ݵ
     * ýۿ ׷̵ؾ Ű  Documentation/Changes 
        д´.
     * ֽ modutils Ű Ѵ. Ʒ    ִ.
       ftp://ftp.redhat.com/pub/alphabits/ or the mirror site at
       ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/alphabits/

    Ŀ 2.1  Ŀο  ϰ ʹٸ ּ 2.1.19 
   Ŀ   Ѵ.



  Dial-on-demand Ʈŷ ?
  ---------------------------

   kerneld  on demand ̾  Ʈũ ϵ Ǿ ִ: 
    Ȳ Ʈũ Ŷ  kerneld PPP SLIP  
    /sbin/request_route ũƮ Ų.

   ̷  ׸  ̵ ƴ϶ .  Ʈŷ
   ϰ ִ Alan Cox  Ŀ ϸ Ʈ   .

   Request-route   ̰ ̹  ̾ Ŀ 2.1.x 뿡
    ŵǾ.

   request-route ũƮ kerneld ϴ 
   http://www.dna.lth.se/~erics/diald.html    ִ Eric Schenk's
   diald Ű ġ  Ѵ.


=============================================================================
Copyright Messages



   This document is Copyright (c) Henrik Storner, 1996, 1997.

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