  The Linux XFree86 HOWTO
  Eric S. Raymond,  Alex Ott  <ott@phtd.tpu.edu.ru>
  v5.12, 12  1999

      ,    
  3.3 XFree86- X Window System (X11R6)    Linux. 
      XFree86   .
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Table of Contents


  1. 

     1.1   
     1.2    
     1.3    

  2.  

  3.  XFree86

  4.  XFree86

     4.1  
     4.2  
     4.3  
     4.4  16- 

  5.  XFree86

     5.1 
     5.2 

  6. 



  ______________________________________________________________________

  11..  

  X Window System---   (   , 
      )   
  UNIX-.    X Window System    MIT;
        X  
   UNIX-.       UNIX  
      X Window system.

     MIT X Window System  11,
   6 (X11R6)  UNIX-   80386/80486/Pentium
     ,   David
  Wexelblat <dwex@XFree86.org>.  ,   XFree86,
    System V/386, 386BSD,    UNIX  
     x86,  Linux.     
   ,  ,   .

     XFree86    XFree86,
  <http://www.XFree86.org>.

             
   XFree86  Linux,      
         XFree86.  (
    ).     X
  Window System     ---  
            X
  Window System.


  11..11..    

           Linux,  
        . 
          Linux
  Documentation Project    <http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP>.  
       ,
  <http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/XFree86-HOWTO.html>


  11..22..     

    Linux XFree86 HOWTO    
    comp.os.linux.help    news.answers
  <news:news.answers>.       Linux WWW
   FTP ,    LDP.

            World
  Wide Web  
  <http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/XFree86-HOWTO.html>.


  11..33..     

          , 
        Eric S. Raymond,
  esr@thyrsus.com.      .  
      ,     ,  
        .

   __         
     X.  HOWTO   ,
     __________ ,  
    .     , 
   XFree86 Video Timings HOWTO,
  <http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/XFree86-Video-Timings-HOWTO.html>.
  (   HTML   `Videomodes.doc' 
   XFree86).         
    .     ,     
  .


  22..   

   XFree86 3.3.3     :
        
      .    
     ,    ,
           
     .      
        ;  
      .    
     ,   
  `` SVGA '',  `` ''  
  .  ,     (
  Linux  XFree86!)        
        .

          
   SuperProbe,    XFree86.  
    .


     AArrkk LLooggiicc
        ARK1000PV, ARK1000VL, ARK2000PV, ARK2000MT


     AAlllliiaannccee
        AP6422, AT24


     AATTII
        18800, 18800-1, 28800-2, 28800-4, 28800-5, 28800-6, 68800-3,
        68800-6, 68800AX, 68800LX, 88800GX-C, 88800GX-D, 88800GX-E,
        88800GX-F, 88800CX, 264CT, 264ET, 264VT, 264GT, 264VT-B, 264VT3,
        264GT-B, 264GT3 (   Mach8, Mach32, Mach64, 3D
        Rage, 3D Rage II  3D Rage Pro)


     AAvvaannccee LLooggiicc
        ALG2101, ALG2228, ALG2301, ALG2302, ALG2308, ALG2401


     CChhiippss && TTeecchhnnoollooggiieess
        65520, 65525, 65530, 65535, 65540, 65545, 65546, 65548, 65550,
        65554, 65555, 68554, 69000, 64200, 64300


     CCiirrrruuss LLooggiicc
        CLGD5420, CLGD5422, CLGD5424, CLGD5426, CLGD5428, CLGD5429,
        CLGD5430, CLGD5434, CLGD5436, CLGD5440, CLGD5446, CLGD5462,
        CLGD5464, CLGD5465, CLGD5480, CLGD6205, CLGD6215, CLGD6225,
        CLGD6235, CLGD6410, CLGD6412, CLGD6420, CLGD6440, CLGD7541(*),
        CLGD7543(*), CLGD7548(*), CLGD7555(*)


     CCyyrriixx
        MediaGX, MediaGXm


     CCoommppaaqq
        AVGA


     DDiiggiittaall EEqquuiippmmeenntt CCoorrppoorraattiioonn
        TGA


     EEppssoonn
        SPC8110


     GGeennooaa
        GVGA


     IIBBMM
        8514/A (  ), XGA-2


     IIIITT
        AGX-014, AGX-015, AGX-016


     MMaattrrooxx
        MGA2064W (Millennium), MGA1064SG (Mystique  Mystique 220),
        MGA2164W (Millennium II PCI  AGP), G100, G200


     MMXX MX68000(*), MX680010(*)


     NNCCRR
        77C22(*), 77C22E(*), 77C22E+(*)


     NNeeooMMaaggiicc
        2200, 2160, 2097, 2093, 2090, 2070


     NNuummbbeerr NNiinnee
        I128 ( I  II), Revolution 3D (T2R)


     NNVViiddiiaa//SSGGSS TThhoommssoonn
        NV1, STG2000, RIVA128, Riva TNT


     OOAAKK
        OTI067, OTI077, OTI087


     RReeaallTTeekk
        RTG3106(*)


     RReennddiittiioonn
        V1000, V2x00


     SS33 86C911, 86C924, 86C801, 86C805, 86C805i, 86C928, 86C864, 86C964,
        86C732, 86C764, 86C765, 86C767, 86C775, 86C785, 86C868, 86C968,
        86C325, 86C357, 86C375, 86C375, 86C385, 86C988, 86CM65, 86C260


     SSiiSS
        86C201, 86C202, 86C205, 86C215, 86C225, 5597, 5598, 6326


     33DDLLaabbss
        GLINT 500TX, GLINT MX, Permedia, Permedia 2, Permedia 2v


     TTsseenngg
        ET3000, ET4000AX, ET4000/W32, ET4000/W32i, ET4000/W32p, ET6000,
        ET6100


     TTrriiddeenntt
        TVGA8800CS, TVGA8900B, TVGA8900C, TVGA8900CL, TVGA9000,
        TVGA9000i, TVGA9100B, TVGA9200CXR, Cyber9320(*), TVGA9400CXi,
        TVGA9420, TGUI9420DGi, TGUI9430DGi, TGUI9440AGi, TGUI9660XGi,
        TGUI9680, ProVidia 9682, ProVidia 9685(*), Cyber 9382, Cyber
        9385, Cyber 9388, 3DImage975, 3DImage985, Cyber 9397, Cyber 9520


     VViiddeeoo 77//HHeeaaddllaanndd TTeecchhnnoollooggiieess
        HT216-32(*)


     WWeeiitteekk
        P9000, P9100



     WWeesstteerrnn DDiiggiittaall//PPaarraaddiissee
        PVGA1


     WWeesstteerrnn DDiiggiittaall
        WD90C00, WD90C10, WD90C11, WD90C24, WD90C24A, WD90C30, WD90C31,
        WD90C33


  (*) ,      
         .

       256 ,  
     16-  , 
     .

      VGA ,  64k
      ,   Hercules,
    Hyundai HGC1280, Sigma LaserView, Visa  Apollo.

  VGA16-       
  ET4000, Trident, ATI, NCR, OAK  Cirrus 6420,  
      1600x1200 ( 1MB ). 
        800x600.

         
  http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.3/README3.html
  <http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.3/README3.html>.

   ,       
   ,  VLB  PCI.

   XFree86   ,  
       
    ,    .
        ,
     ,    
         
  . ,     
     XFree86,    
    XFree86.     
     ,  Diamond,  
    3.1 XFree86, Diamond     
         .

     XFree86  Linux  
    486  ,    8  ,   
     .   
       ,   
    S3.      XFree86 
  ,    ,     
  .

   Linux- Matt Welsh (  FAQ) 
   486DX2-66, 20  ,  VLB  
    S3-864  2  DRAM.     
  X   ,      Sun Sparc IPX.  
  Linux    7    Sparc IPX ( ,
  XFree86-3.1  Linux,      171,000
  xstones;  Sparc IPX  24,000).   , XFree86   
  Linux   SVGA     ,
           UNIX (
     framebuffer  ).

         4  
  ,  16    ( 8    8 
  ). ,     ,  
         .  
    (      ), 
    XFree86   8    .
  16  .   4      _______
  ( 10 ) ,    8   .


  33..   XXFFrreeee8866

  ,    XFree86    Linux,  
        
  .       RPM, 
    ,        ,
    rpm(1).       
     .

    XFree86  Linux    
  FTP-.    XFree86    
  <ftp://ftp.xfree86.org/pub/XFree86/current/binaries/>.

     -     
  `preinst.sh'.      ,    
     .

     XFree86,      
  XFree86-3.3.

      :

     XX88551144..ttggzz
             8514.

     XXAAGGXX..ttggzz
             AGX.

     XXII112288..ttggzz
          Number Nine Imagine 128.

     XXMMaacchh3322..ttggzz
             Mach32.

     XXMMaacchh6644..ttggzz
             Mach64.

     XXMMaacchh88..ttggzz
             Mach8.

     XXMMoonnoo..ttggzz
           -.

     XXPP99KK..ttggzz
              Server for P9000-based boards.

     XXSS33..ttggzz
             S3.

     XXSS33VV..ttggzz
          S3 ViRGE  ViRGE/VX ( -).

     XXSSVVGGAA..ttggzz
             Super VGA.

     XXWW3322..ttggzz
             ET4000/W32.

       ,    VGA16, XVG16.tgz.
       ,     
   .

     :

     pprreeiinnsstt..sshh
         .

     ppoossttiinnsstt..sshh
         .

     XXbbiinn..ttggzz
           X11R6.

     XXccffgg..ttggzz
           xdm, xinit  fs.

     XXddoocc..ttggzz
        .

     XXmmaann..ttggzz
         .

     XXffnnttss..ttggzz
         75dpi, misc  PEX.

     XXlliibb..ttggzz
          X   .

     XXsseett..ttggzz
         XF86Setup.

     XXVVGG1166..ttggzz
          VGA/EGA .

     :

     XXff110000..ttggzz
         100dpi.

     XXffccyyrr..ttggzz
         .

     XXffnnoonn..ttggzz
          (, , , ).

     XXffssccll..ttggzz
          (Speedo  Type1).

     XXffssrrvv..ttggzz
            .

     XXpprroogg..ttggzz
           X,     
        .

     XXllkkiitt..ttggzz
        X- LinkKit.

     XXllkk9988..ttggzz
        PC98 X- LinkKit.

     XXnneesstt..ttggzz
         X-.

     XXpprrtt..ttggzz
        X- .

     XXvvffbb..ttggzz
        X-  framebuffer.

     XXppss..ttggzz
        PostScript- .

     XXhhttmmll..ttggzz
        HTML- .

   XFree86       
     RELNOTES.     
  .

       XFree86--- 
   ,   /usr/X11R6 ( 
  root),      /usr/X11R6,  
  :


       gzip -dc Xbin.tgz | tar xfB -




  ,      
  /usr/X11R6,        .

    ,  /usr/X11R6/bin   
   .       
   /etc/profile  /etc/csh.login (   
    ).     
        ,   .bashrc
   .cshrc,      .

     ,  /usr/X11R6/lib   
  ld.so,   .    


       /usr/X11R6/lib




    /etc/ld.so.conf,   /sbin/ldconfig,  .


  44..   XXFFrreeee8866

  44..11..   

   XFree86    , ,
      -   , 
       .  
  3.2/3.3     .    ---
    XF86Setup.

       ,    
         
   EGA/VGA.    VGA16-   
   X     640x480.  
   ,      
  ---, , ,   `' (
   ).    .
  (   Red Hat Linux,     
  ,  xf86config.     XF86Setup, 
    X-  VGA16-).

       ,   
      ,  
    XF86Setup  `Generic 102-key PC (intl)', 
    `Generic 101-key PC'.   
     (101),     
  (  )   .

            ,  
       .  
        (   
    (dot-clock speeds)    
  ).        
   ).   (  ,
        )   ; 
           .

      xvidtune  ,  
   ,    .
     (    
    )      .

  XF86Config  ,    
  /dev/mouse.   ,    ,   
      /dev/mouse    /dev/ca[01]
     .   ,  XFree86  
     "mouse busy ( )"  
   gpm,        
  /dev/ttyS[01],    ,    .

       , 
      (  XF86_VGA16, XF86_Mach64, 
  XF86_S3)   XF86Config,     
         .
    XF86Config   ,   
    ,         
    /etc/X11.

     , XF86Setup   `X'   
   .   ,  , `X' 
       set-user-id,  
  Xwrapper.      ,    
    setuid  root  
  Xwrapper,        setuid root.


  44..22..   

   -     ,    
   X-.       
   .    (timing)   ,
    (dot clock)   . 
         xvidtune; 
    ,      XF86Setup
       .

    ,   ,    
  ,    (timing)    
  (dot clock) .  ,     
    ,       
  Device  XF86Config.    ,   
   X-    /usr/X11R6/bin/X  
     .
     ,   X  ``'' ; 
     :



       X > /tmp/x.out 2>&1




       X- ( 
   ctrl-alt-backspace)    
  /tmp/x.out.X-    ---, 
       (dot clock)  ,
   .

  ,       ctrl-alt-numeric
  +  ctrl-alt-numeric -    ,
     Modes  Screen   XF86Config. 
      ,  
       .    ,
         X  .

       
  /   .    
      X. ,   
      ,      
    .

    USENET comp.windows.x.i386unix  
   XFree86,    comp.os.linux.x.   
           
   ---   -     .


  44..33..   

        X  , 
    ,    
   1600x1200--  , 
   XF86Setup  1280x1024.

           
    ,   XFree86 Video Timings HOWTO,
  <http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/XFree86-Video-Timings-HOWTO.html>.
  ( HTML-   XFree86  `Videomodes.doc').


  44..44..   1166-- 

    X  8-  ,  256 .
   ,        
     (colormaps),    
          , 
        .   
  WWW- Arena.

        ,  256
     .     
  16-   (65536 ).   ---
     16- .

     16-   65K   
   X   


  ______________________________________________________________________
      startx -- -bpp 16
  ______________________________________________________________________



   


  ______________________________________________________________________
      exec X :0 -bpp 16
  ______________________________________________________________________



     .xserverrc.   ,    
    

  ______________________________________________________________________
  screen
  ______________________________________________________________________




  ______________________________________________________________________
      DefaultColorDepth 16
  ______________________________________________________________________



     xdm,       
  Xservers,      /etc/X11/xdm/.
        ,
    


  ______________________________________________________________________
        :0 local /usr/X11R6/bin/X
  ______________________________________________________________________



  

  ______________________________________________________________________
  -bpp 16
  ______________________________________________________________________




  ______________________________________________________________________
        :0 local /usr/X11R6/bin/X -bpp 16
  ______________________________________________________________________



         'screen'   X
   Display   Depth  16.     
    8-bit Display    Depth.

         
       .     ,  
  ,      . 
   XFree  .    
      ,     
   Modeline    XF86Config,    
     .    



       Modeline "1024x768"  75  1024 1048 1184 1328 768 771 777 806 -hsync -vsync




  



       Modeline "1024x768"  65  1024 1032 1176 1344 768 771 777 806 -hsync -vsync.




    75  65---   , 
    X    .X.err.   'monitors' 
    XFree86   Modelines  
      ,    
  16- .


  55..   XXFFrreeee8866

     XF86Config ,    X- 
    .   ,  /usr/X11R6/bin
       (PATH).

     XFree86 


       startx


     xinit (     xinit 
     UNIX).

     X-      
   .xinitrc    . .xinitrc---  
    ,   
  X-.     ,    
   /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xinit/xinitrc.

    .xinitrc   :


       #!/bin/sh

       xterm -fn 7x13bold -geometry 80x32+10+50 &
       xterm -fn 9x15bold -geometry 80x34+30-10 &
       oclock -geometry 70x70-7+7 &
       xsetroot -solid midnightblue &

       exec fvwm2




       xterm,  oclock, 
      ()   midnightblue.   
     fvwm2.  ,  fvwm2  
    exec  ;    xinit
    fvwm2.     fvwm2 , 
  X-  .    fvwm2  
   :  1-    ---
   ,    Exit Fvwm2.

  ,     .xinitrc   
  exec,         (   
   ).   X-    
    ,    .xinitrc

       X     ctrl-alt-
  backspace.     X-,   
  .

  --- ,   . 
          
    .xinitrc.

       X Window System,     
  ,   _T_h_e _J_o_y _o_f _X_: _A_n _O_v_e_r_v_i_e_w _o_f _t_h_e _X _W_i_n_d_o_w _S_y_s_t_e_m by
  Niall Mansfield (Addison-Wesley 1993, ISBN 0201-565129). 
    X  ,      .
       xterm, oclock,  fvwm2 
   .


  55..11..  

        Eric S. Raymond, 1996.
     ,    ,
    :


            .

           .

           WWW- .

          .

         
     .   ,   
       ,   .


  55..22..  

      Matt Welsh  ,   .
  , Matt!



  66..  


    
     <http://www.pluto.linux.it/ildp/HOWTO/XFree86-HOWTO.html>

     <http://www.lugos.si/delo/slo/HOWTO-sl/XFree86-HOWTO-
     sl.html>

    Croatian <http://meta.mioc.hr/XFree86-KAKO.html>


     <http://www.nl.linux.org/doc/HOWTO/>

































































