  The SIG11 problem
  Rogier Wolff, R.E.Wolff@BitWizard.nl
  29 May 2000
   T, zap03216@nifty.ne.jp
  7 June 2000

  J[lRpCۂ signal 11

   FAQ ́Aߍ̐lXY܂錻ۂ͂ǂŋN
  邱Ƃ肤̂qׂ̂łBȂ킿ALinux(*) J[l
  (܂́A̎̑傫ȃpbP[W) ̃RpC ``signal 11'' ŃN
  bVƂ̂łB̓\tgEFÂƂ܂Aق
  ǂ̏ꍇ̓n[hEFAɂ܂Bǂݐi߂ƁAڍׂł傤B

  (*)ALinux ŗĽۂł͂܂Bn[hEFACJ
  Ă̂ȂALinux, Windows 3.1, FreeBSD, Windows NT, NextStep ͂
  ăNbVł傤B

  p̍ŐVł <http://www.BitWizard.nl/sig11/> œł܂B

  tXœǂ݂̂߂ɁAtX <http://www.linux-
  france.org/article/sig11-fr/> œł܂B

  { (̕) ̍ŐVł́A
  <http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/JFdocs/GCC-SIG11-FAQ.html> œł܂B

  ̃Xy~XAȒǉ񂪂A邢́u킽
  ڂɂvȂĘb΁AR.E.Wolff@BitWizard.nl Ƀ[
  B (: ZpIɃiZXƍl̂͋p܂) TuWF
  Ng ``sig11'' Â悤ȌtYĂ炦Ƃ肪
  B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ______________________________________________________________________

  The Sig11 FAQ

  

  (J[l) RpCĂƁA

        gcc: Internal compiler error: program cc1 got fatal signal 11

  ƏoăNbV܂BRpC̉܂̂ł傤?  RpC
  ̂ǂ̃o[WKvȂ̂ł傤?  J[lɂǂs
  ̂ł傤?

  

  炭ARpCɂJ[lɂAg̃\tgEFAɂ
  Ƃ͂܂Bn[hEFAƂ̊֌W傢ɂ肻łB
  ܂ȕ͂낢날AlXłBƓǂݐi߂
  ƁAڍׂł傤B́u@vɂ́A2 ̗O܂BzL
  sĂꍇƁARed Hat 5.x ܂ 6.x ̃CXg[̍Œ
  B͂̍̕Ō̂قɏڂĂ܂B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  IbP[B\tgEFAȂāAǂĊm߂炢?

  

  ŏɁAgǔn[hEFAł邱ƂmFĂ݂悤B
  ``make'' ~Ax ``make'' Ƃ^CvB~O
  ɂt@CRpCȂAgǔ̓n[hEF
  AɊԈႢȂB܂ɒ~ (Ȃ킿A``nothing to be done for
  xxxx'' \Ȃ班΂fBNgXLA
  ꏊŋʍӂ) ȂA

          dd if=/dev/HARD_DISK of=/dev/null bs=1024k count=MEGS

  Ă݂悤B

  HARD_DISK  ``hda'' Ƃ̃n[hfBXN̖O (Ⴆ΁Ahda  sda 
  ǁB``df .'' ƏoĂ) ɁAMEGS 𓋍ڃC̃KoCg
  ɒuāBsƁAn[hfBXN̍ŏ̉KoCg
  ɓǂݍ܂̂ŁA make 鎞ɂ́AC ̃\[Xt@C
  gcc oCíAfBXN烁֍ēxǂݍ܂邱ƂB
  łx make Ă݂悤BAˑRƂēꏊŒ~̂
  AȂǂނׂȂ̂͂ FAQ Ȃ̂ǂ₵ȂĂB
  ȂAǂ̂Ƃ\tgEFÂ̖悤ɎvĂ邩....  
  ɂuق̉\͂Ȃ񂾂낤vĎƌĂ.....

  A ``dd'' R}hsĂȂ̓RpCƂ
  ~܂葱āA``dd'' ̎s͕ʂ̂ƂɈړ̂ȂAfBXN
  烁ւ̓]ɖĂ̂͊mB

  

  {̂ƂAsignal 11 ĂǂӖȂ?  n[hEFA̖肾
  ĂƂ͊mȂ?

  

  ARpCARpC̊Ǘ郁̊OɃANZX
  񂾁B쒆̃n[hEFAłNȂARpC̓
  ɃvO~O̊ԈႢĂƁB ``internal compiler
  error'' Ă킯BłAgcc ͂ƂẴ|C^ĝ
  An[hEFAƂ܃rbg𔽓]Ă܂ꍇA܂ɂ̓A
  hbVOW̊ÔǂɃANZXႢɂȂB (߂
  ȃAhX͂ĂAhbVOW̊OɂȂႤB
  āAC 4G ̂ĂЂƂ͂߂ɂȂ
  ... :-)

  ߍ ``signal 11'' ɑЂƂ݂͂Ȃ̃y[Wɒs݂
  BłAȂ̃\tgEFAJĂA͂܂
  \ɃfobOĂȂ\tgEFAĂ̂ȂA ``signal 11''
  (܂́Asegmentation fault) ͈ˑRƂăvO̕sm点
  ƂĂ͂ȃqgɂȂB``gcc'' ̂悤ȂقƂǒN̂Ƃł삵
  ĂvOŁA܂悭eXgꂽf[^Zbg (Ⴆ΁ALinux
  J[l) ̃NbVNꍇAn[hEFAɕs
  qgƂȂ񂾁B

  AVXe̒ŁAn[hEFÃhCoɗނ\tgEFACJ
  ĂAn[hEFǍ̏ɍǏ󂪋N邱Ƃ肤B
  AhCo_ȏꍇ́APɃRpC̃NbVN
  AJ[l̐[ȃguNƂ̂ق肪
  B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  IbP[Bn[hEFẢȂ񂾂낤?

  

  n[hEFANȂA:

  o  CBCƂ܃rbgԈႤ̂ȂB
     u݁v̍ۂɋNȂApeB[G[邱Ƃ
     Ȃ낤Bȉ􂪂:

  o  ̑xx̂BBIOS  wait states ̐lグB

     AMIBIOS  autoconfig option ŋN邱Ƃ:  100MHz 
     486 邯ǁAautoconfig option  80MHz ܂ł 486 
     ƔFȂB -- Pat V

  o  ̑xx̂BƑ DRAM SIMM 肷BႦ
     ΁As ASUS ̃}U[{[h 100 ܂ 133MHz ̃vZbTȂ
     60ns DRAM v܂ (}U[{[h̃}jAĂ)B70ns 
     ܂A_ sig11 N肤悤ȐM̖肪
     ƕ񍐂Ă܂....  (XN͕܂) -- Andrew
     Eskilsson (mpt95aes@pt.hk-r.se)

  o  SIMM ̂ 1 ɂ܂`bv܂BoN 1 ȏ̃
     ȂASIMM āA肪邩ǂĂ݂
     傤BÓdCɒӂ!!!

  o  Tȃ̃}V舵B16MB SIMM  4 ƂĂ
     āAǂ 1 Ԃ 1 񂮂炢rbg𗎂ƂƂB
     ͂ 1 Ń}VNbVA1 Ԃ炢ŃJ[l
     ̃RpCNbV肷̂ɏ\BŁA܂Ƃ߂ĐV
      SIMM Ɍ犮ɓ悤ɂȂBffɂ
     ԂAȂȂ SIMM  4 Ƃ悤ɃCJĂ
     炾BȖŃ𔼕ł͉̕ωȂB

     Mark Kettner (kettner@cat.et.tudelft.nl) ̕񍐂łBނ̃VXe
     ́AMҋސ̃eXgs 2300 񑖂点邱Ƃł
     Aꂩ 10 ÕG[oꂽB̌͂܂AOS
     soꂸɓ.....  ނ̃P[Xł́AJ[lRpC
     ́AVXěNff肢ꂽi (ł
     肵ݒŁANbVO 14 ÕJ[lRpC
     )Bނ́AẤuAbvO[hv邽߂Ɂu
     ivĉ邱ƂɂBXeX^[ŃeXg
     ʁÁuُȂvƂ̂ƁBȖŁAނ͐Vĩ
     Ă :-)B

  o  30-72 sRo[^̒ɂ́AG[N̂
     B (Ro[^ 4  SIMM CJꂽ̂A邢̓Ro[
     ^Ɍׂ̂́A܂ɕȂB) SIMM ́ARo[^Ɉ
     ւO͉NɓĂ̂....)  -- Naresh Sharma
     (n.sharma@is.twi.tudelft.nl).  Paul Gortmaker
     (paul.gortmaker@anu.edu.au) ́ASIMM ɂꂢȓd͂邽
     ߂ɂ́ASIMM Ro[^͏ȂƂ 4 ̃pXRׂƕ
     B

  o   DRAM ̃tbVƋ@\ĂȂȂADRAM ͕ێ
     ĂƎȂĂ낤B ``hidden refresh'' L
     ɂꍇA (486) }U[{[h̒ɂ͐mɃtbV̂
     ߂̂BtbV߂Ⴍɂ sig11 
     N ``DRAM'' ܂̃vO悤B -- Hank Barta
     (hank@pswin.chi.il.us), Ron Tapia (tapia@nmia.com)

  o  wait states ̐lႷ̂ȂBBIOS  wait states 
     lグƒBCe Endeavour board ́A wait
     states グ邱ƂłȂB MR BIOS }U[{[hɏ
     ߂Ή\ɂȂƎvB -- David Halls
     (david.halls@cl.cam.ac.uk)

  o  LbVBLbVƂ܃rbgԈႤ̂B
     LbVɂ͕ʃpeB[ĂȂBBIOS ̃LbV̍
     Itɂ邱ƂŁÃP[XɓĂ͂܂邩ǂffłB
     A炭LbVBȉ􂪂:

  o  LbV̑xx̂BBIOS  wait states ̐l
     グB

  o  LbV̑xx̂BƑ SRAM ̃`bv
     B

  o  LbVɃCJꂽ`bvBSIMM ݂ɊȒPɃ`bv̌
     łȂBÓdCɒӂ!!!  -- Joseph Barone
     (barone@mntr02.psf.ge.com)

  o  `bvZbg̃CgobN̎ɃoOŁALbṼ
     CgobNLɂȂĂ̂ȂBN}U[{
     [h ``MV020 486VL3H'' (with 20M RAM) B-- Scott Brumbaugh
     (scottb@borris.beachnet.com) ([AhXɓ͂ȂBXRbgA
     ƑԂAhXŕԎ)

  o  }U[{[hAXbg^CṽLbVƁAx DIP `bv
     ̃LbV؂ւWpvĂ̂B (Rev 2.4
     ASUS P/I-P55TP4XE }U[{[h  JP16)

  o  fBXN]BfBXN瑗ĂubNAƂ܃rbgG
     [ɂĂ̂B

  o  ̖肪ȂA\An_玟̒n_ւ
     uړv߂ ``dd'' sȂĂ͂ȂȂ悤ł....

  o  IDE n[hfBXN̒ɂ ``irq_unmasking'' IvVȂ
     ̂܂Bׂ̖͕Ă鎞o邩
     B sig11 ƂĊ邱Ƃ肦܂B

  o  kalok 31xx Ă? ȂS~ɃXeXeB (ꂩADOS Yɔ
     Ă낤)

  o  SCSI? ^[~l[^[?  ZP[uȂCJꂽ^[~l[^[ł
     (MłȂ) ̂܂ܓBP[uȂςG[
     o邩BzXgƃfBXÑpeB[Lɂł?

  o  CPU ̂́BvZbT̃bg̒ɂ́Aȕvm
     ̂܂BNOƃIWĩCeyeBA
     120B 2, 3 NO AMD K6/2-300 (1998 N 34 Tڂ 39 Tڂɐ
     ꂽ!)Bŋ߂ AMD K6/2-450 łB܂A400MHz Ȃ炢
     ƔfЂƂ邩܂BłA̖ł邱Ƃ
     AVĩvZbT𓾂錠܂BXɍsāA
     Ă炢܂傤B (P120 ̂Ƃ͖Y܂傤B킴킴
     ɍsl炠܂... ;-) -- Guillaume Cottenceau
     (gcottenc@ens.insa-rennes.fr).

  o  CPU ̂́BK6 vZbT̃bg̒ɂ́APɐ݌ṽoO
     ̂܂B <http://www.multimania.com/poulot/k6bug.html> ǂ
     ŁA K6 ԕił邩mFĂ݂܂傤B -- Rongen
     (rongen@istar.ca).

  o  I[o[NbNBx_[ (l) ̒ɂ́A CPU ŃI[
     o[NbNłƍlĂ܂B\̂
     ΁AȂ̂܂B^[{XCb` (: قƂǂ̃y
     eBAΉ}U[{[h́A͂m^[{[hT|[gĂ
     ܂) ItɂĂ݂ƁA肪邩ǂ܂BCPU
     ̑x (\ʂɈĂ܂BKvȂTdɃt@O)
     A}U[{[h̃Wp BIOS ̐ݒƔrāA`FbN....

     CełACPU ̃NbN󂪊ԈĂ邱Ƃ悤łB
     ډAK̃yeBAÓȃNbN sig11 NAƒ
     NbNɂƋNȂȂAƂ̐Mł񍐂
     BNbN̒ɂ́A肵vZbT̃NbNA
     Ƀ}U[{[hɂ߂邾̂̂̂ (120MHz -> }U[{
     [h̃NbN 60MHz, 100MHz -> }U[{[h̃NbN 66MHz) }U
     [{[hƂ̊֌W͂ȂɎv܂BtƁAVi 120MHz
     ̃vZbT͍ƓĂ܂B -- Samuel Ramac
     (sramac@vnet.ibm.com).  ́ACe₻̋[J[ɓL
     ̂ł͂܂B

  o  CPU ̉xB̃vZbT́A܂Ƃȃq[gVNȂƃI[o
     [q[gł傤B_ȃt@łN邱Ƃ܂B (@
     '486 ɂ́AXs[hオ̂ 2, 3 t@Ă܂B
     ԂAۂ̂Ƃ낱͌ė邱Ƃ͂Ȃł傤BȂ
     AgĂȂ:-) CPU ́AJ[l̃RpCɂāu
     gvƁAȂ邱Ƃ܂B̖́ALILO ̃R}
     hCIvV ``HALT'' 𖳌ɂƁAȂ
     BLinux ́AVXeq}Ȏ ``halt'' ߂s邱Ƃ
     āACPU ̏d݂͌܂Bd͂AăV
     Xeq}Ȏ CPU ̉xႭȂ܂B䂦ɒPȃG
     fBbgƂ̎ɂ́A̖ɋCtȂ܂BC
     ɁAԂ CPU gɂ\ʉł傤B

      Fdiv oÕyeBAȂACeɌĂ炤
     ̂łBK̃Ce݂̃t@ŁA炩ߐݒ肳
     ꂽVi𑗂Ăł傤B⑫: Ă̈ʓIȐڒ܂͔M
     `ނႭራBt@ CPU ɐڒKv̂鎞Ɏg
     ̂ÓȁAȔM`̂悢ڒ܂łB -- Arno
     Griffioen (arno@ixe.net), -- W. Paul Mills (wpmills@midusa.net) --
     Alan Wind (wind@imada.ou.dk)

     Ce킭ACPU Őex͈̔͂:
     0 to +85 C: Intel486 SX, Intel486 DX, IntelDX2, IntelDX4 processor
     0 to +95 C: IntelDX2, IntelDX4 OverDrive(R) processors
     0 to +80 C: 60 MHz Pentium(R) processor
     0 to +70 C: 66 to 166 MHz Pentium processor
     v̏񂨂сAɏꂽƂmFɂ́A
     <http://pentium.intel.com/procs/support/faqs/iarcfaq.htm> 
     ˁB (Ɏ Q5  Q6  Q12B͂̕ƎxɂȂ
     ĂĂ邯ǁAȂƂĂmBɂ΂ɂ悭
     Ȃ݂B)

  o  CPU ̓dB}U[{[ĥȂɂ́ACPU ̓dÎׂ
     ACPU ̓dWp̐ݒ肪ւȃ}jAɏ
     ̂B 5V ̃vZbT͂قƂǂ̏ꍇA3.3V łˑRƂ
     ē悤Ɏv.....  -- Karl Heyes (krheyes@comp.brad.ac.uk)

  o  RAM ̓dBx_[͍A3.3V RAM pӂĂ݂BẴ
     ͖ډ 3.3VB (ł RAM ̓dݒł}U[{[h
     Ȃ璍ӂ: 3.3V RAM  5V ƉꂿႤ.....)  (قƂǋC
     ɂȂĂAŐ؂ւɈႢȂƎvB)

  o  [JoX̉ߕׁB25MHz  3  VesaLocalBus (VLB) J[h
     g܂B33MHz  2 B40MHz  1 A50MHz 
     Ԃ[!  (܂A50MHz  [JoX̃VXeg
     AVLB J[h 1 gȂ)BVXe̒ɂ́AVL oXɕׂ
     ߂ꍇɂȂ͂߂̂܂Bߕ (L
     Eȏ) łȂAVXe͗]v VLB J[h̒ǉɂāA
     ǂƂ 2, 3 imZRhȂƂ邩܂
     BāAV VLB J[h̑݌ALbV wait states 
     Ȃ񂩂グKvłĂł傤....  -- Richard Postgate
     (postgate@cafe.net)

  o  dǗBbvgbv (܂ǂ́uO[v PC ) ̂Ȃɂ́A
     dǗ̋@\Ă̂܂B Linux ̂܂
     邩܂B@\́AC[W HD ɃZ[uĂ
     āAL[Ƀ̏Ԃɖ߂̂̂悤łB
     ͂悳łALinux ̃foCXhCóA2 ̃ANZX̊ԂɃn
     [hEFAx݂̂ĂɂĂ܂BÂ
     ΁AȂ̂܂BɓdǗ𖳌ɂ邩AJ[l
     ``APM support'' LɂĂ݂ĂB -- Elizabeth Ayer
     (eca23@cam.ac.uk)

  o  ςςzRBzR̒ɂ́AƓdCʂĔ
     V[gN̂܂BǂŃLpV^c𑝉A
     ^C~O̓򉻂邩܂񂵁AM̔UWĂǂ
     I[o[q[g邩܂B@̃P[XJē
     |̂͂ACfAȂ̂ŁANɈx炢̂߂
     Bm: Ȗ_́A̓͂ȂƂ̃zR˂̂ɖ𗧂
     ܂...  -- Craig Graham (c_graham@hinge.mistral.co.uk)

  o  CPU ̂́Bl̐lXACPU ȊOɂ΂̂Ȃ
     ƕ񍐂ĂĂ܂BCPU ƃ}U[{[hɌ݊ȂƂ
     ̂ł傤BCe CPU ݂̃|[g̔g (Feb '97) ɉ
     ܂BCyrix/IBM 6x86 CPU VȔg悹Ă
     ܂B{ CPU ̂Ȃ̂܂񂪁A}U[{[h CPU
     ̂Ɍ݊Ȃ܂BȂƂ}U[{[h
     }jAɁAÂ 6x86 Ƃ͌݊ȂƌyĂ̂
     ܂BMҎǧoł́ÃfoCX͑SRȂ
     BJ[lRpC̍ۂ̃x`}[Nł́AP166+  P155 Ɠ
     炢 (P120  1.3 {) łB

  o  ̌B̌s}U[{[h́AjAt[obt@ 1 
      2 KoCg肠ĂāAÂ ISA ̃rfIJ[hgƂ
     ł܂B邽߂ɂ́A傤 16MB ̐^Ƀ}bs
     OȂĂ͂Ȃ܂BہA܂Ăȋ@\gЂ
     Ƃ͎vȂ̂łAɌ (BIOS ̂Ȃɂ́ALFB
     support ̍ڂɂȂĂ̂) ĂȂA}V͊Ԉ
     ȂȂႤł傤.....  -- Paul Connolly
     (pconnolly@macdux.com.au)

     ___________________________________________________________________
     ___________________________________________________________________

  

  RAM ̃^C~O̖肾?  1 ȏO BIOS ̐ݒ
  B̊Ԃ܂قǃJ[lRpCǉ}YȂBRAM
  ̃^C~OɖȂĂ肦ȂA?

  

  肦BRAM Hɂ 60ns  RAM @B 70ns  RAM @
  BʁXɂƎvĂ? ͈Ⴄ!  傭ɍāA
  ꂩeXg񂾁B60ns ̋KiɓK̂΁AłȂ
  ̂B肪ɂӂ킵UȂĂ͂ȂȂƂ
  A61ns Û邩ȂB̏ꍇAႦ 40 x
  ̋C̎ɁAN̈@œ삷̂͂ɂ肻ȂƂB (C
  オƁA`bv̓͂̂낭ȂBꂪX[p[Rs[^ׂ
  ڂɗ₳ȂĂ͂ȂȂ)

  łAuĂ̓vⒷԂ̃RpCƂŁARs[^̉x
  uEvz܂ŏオ邱Ƃ͂肦ˁB -- Philippe Troin
  (ptroin@compass-da.com)
  ______________________________________________________________________
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  ƈAliɂ ECC Ȃ𔃂
  Bn݂BĂ ECC ɂƂ΂悩B?

  

  荂 ECC }U[{[h𔃂ƁÃ^CṽG[
  hƂł܂: ̓At@̒ʉ߂ɂă_ɋNG
  [łB

  Ă̂ЂƂ ``gcc'' gĂ݂ƁAԈȓ ``signal 11'' 
  Čł܂AeXgĂ݂ƁAԑĂČ
  ܂B ``signal 11'' ́APɃAt@΂
  Ƀrbg𔽓]ċN̂ł͂ȂƂ͖炩łBAt@
  ȂAeXgłČłł傤B͉ʂ̂ƂN
  Ă̂ӖĂ܂B

  قƂǂ sig11 ́ACPU <-> cache <-> memory ̌oHł̃^C~O
  G[ɂĈNۂ܂B̏ꍇAC
  ECC ͖ɗ܂B ECC 𔃂ׂ? a) ~Bb)
   RAM Ă鎞B(Ȃŏ̐lȂ̂?  ŏ
  ́AɂĂ܂Ɂuvω̂B) N ECC
  gĂƖҗɎvłЂƂ܂BЂƂ
  ``a)'' ̗RłB

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  ̖肾? BIOS ̃eXg OK BfG DOS ̃vO
   OK ČĂBɖȂĂ肦ȂA?

  

  肦BBIOS ̃eXg͑S̖𗧂BǂeXg
  ǂ납Aۂɓȏ̃Ƃ OK ɂȂ邱Ƃ
  邭炢B

  640k PC ĂFl (A640k PC ł̒ʂÁX̂
  b)A 2 ڂ̃oNɂ́A256kbit `bv̑ 64kbit `bv
   1 ĂBۂɂ 320k ̃[LOƂɂ
  BXABIOS  384k ̃eXg ``OK'' ɂȂ邱ƂBɂ
  炸ÃAvP[V͗Bۂ̖ff̂́A
  Ђǂ܂ꂽ....

  Ẵ̖́Aȏ󋵂̉łN܂B̂悤
  󋵂ǂ̂ł̂́A܂قƂǕȂ̂łBgcc ͂ǂ
  ȏ󋵂ou݂vłBeXgA
  BIOS ̃eXg͂ł͂܂BM҂͂ALinux J[l
  DGȃeX^[^tbs[̍쐬T[rX͂Ă܂
  B̘b͊قĂ......

  ̗RƂāAeXgƁACPU ͂ق̂킸Ȗ߂s
  ƂƁAANZX̃p^[ɋKIɂȂ肪ȂƂ
  ܂B̂悤ȏ󋵂̉ƁÂ̂ق̂킸ȕ
  g܂BȂdqZpwłāAeXgɋ
  ȂANĂ̂𗝉ΏCm_܂Bڋqɂ
  MȂƎ咣Ă̂ɁAiK̃eXgł͗ĂȂn
  [hEFAɔY܂ĂvZ@[J[Ał̂悤ȃvWFNg
  ̃X|T[ɂȂĂł傤......

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  J[lRpC鎞N̂ł?

  

  Bn[hEFAɂ́AJ[lRpCĂŒȂ̂mp
  ܂BJ[l̃RpĆAɂn[hEFAɂƂĂ͂
  Ă܂dȂ̂łBŁAJ[lRpCĂ鎞ɂ
  N̂łBgcc  glibc ̂悤ȑ傫ȃpbP[W̃Rp
  CAsig11 ̈ɂȂ邱ƂłB

  o  Ⴆ΁Aslackware ̃CXg[XNvggăCXg[
     ŒɁAu_vɃNbV̂ƂĘb
     ....  -- dhn@pluto.njcc.com

  o  J[lA(NbV_vƂ) ``general protection
     errors'' 󂯎ЂƂBʂ /var/adm/messages ɋL^
     Ă͂B -- fox@graphics.cs.nyu.edu

     ___________________________________________________________________
     ___________________________________________________________________

  

  NT, Windows 95, OS/2, DOS ƁANbV܂B Linux L
  ɈႢ܂B

  

  ܂ɁALinux ͏L̂ǂ OS n[hEFAg܂B
  }CN\tĝ悤 OS ̒ɂ́AƂɂNbV
  ܂\Ȃ̂܂B}CN\tgɓdbāAu
  AEChEYvȂČЂƂ͂ЂƂȂł
  BƂɂȂsɏoƂĂÁA[U[
  邠ȂG[N (hCc̎GɌfڂꂽ the
  interview with Bill Gates <http://www.cantrip.org/nobugs.html> 
  ....) ͂Ɠ삵Ă̂AނׂAȂǂƂق
  ł傤B

   OS ɂ́ALinux u\\ȁvƂ܂BGNZ
  ́A蓯̈Ƀ[h͂AƂӖłB
  Ă̏ꍇArbgG[Nɉe󂯂̂͏ɃGNZ
  ɂȂ܂BGNZ̓NbVł傤B́AGNZ
  ̃AvP[VNbVł傤BƂɂÂ͒P
  ȂAvP[VŁAƂ͊֌WȂ悤Ɏvł傤B

  CXg[ꂽ Linux VXeȂAG[NɃJ[
  lRpCł͂ƊmMĂ܂BԈႢȂAsig11 ͋N
  ܂B (** O: Cyrix vZbTł Red Hat 5.0Bʂ̂Ƃ
  ˁB **)

  ۂ̂ƂALinux  gcc ͂ق OS ȏɃn[hEFAg
  B Linux ȊOŁANbVƂ܂Ńn[hEFAg
  ̂KvȂAwinstone Ă݂̂gB -- Jonathan Bright
  (bright@informix.com)

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

   signal 11 Ȃ?

  

  B4, 6, 7 ̂悤Ȃق̃VOiAƂܔ܂B
  Asignal 11 łӂĂ܂B

  ɋLꂽ񂪃CJĂ܂Ă鎞ȂANĂ
  ܂BoCïُ킪ƕpĂsvc͂Ȃ炢
  Bɂ炸A gcc  signal 11 󂯎̂ƌ߂
  ̂͂Ȃ̕Ό̂悤Ɏv܂Bȉ̌ۂ܂:

  o  free_one_pmd: bad directory entry 00000008

  o  EXT2-fs warning (device 08:14): ext_2_free_blocks bit already
     cleared for block 127916

  o  Internal error: bad swap device

  o  Trying to free nonexistent swap-page

  o  kfree of non-kmalloced memory ...

  o  scsi0: REQ before WAIT DISCONNECT IID

  o  Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address
     c0000004

  o  put_page: page already exists 00000046
     invalid operand: 0000

  o  Whee.. inode changed from under us. Tell Linus

  o  crc error  --  System halted  (During the uncompress of the Linux
     kernel)

  o  Segmentation fault

  o  "unable to resolve symbol"

  o  make [1]: *** [sub_dirs] Error 139
     make: *** [linuxsubdirs] Error 1

  o  The X Window system can terminate with a "caught signal xx"

     ŏ̂ق́AJ[lAۂɂ̓̊ԈLɂĈ
     Nꂽ̂AuJ[l̃vO~OG[vƁuႢ
     vP[XłBŌ̂ق́AAvP[VvÕg
     uɂďIĂ܂ƂłB

  -- S.G.de Marinis (trance@interseg.it)
  -- Dirk Nachtmann (nachtman@kogs.informatik.uni-hamburg.de)

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  ΂?

  

  ̂Ƃ߂ꍇ́Aȉ̂ƂĂ݂܂傤...  :
  ̒ɂ́ARs[^𒘂x邨̂̂
  B̑_́ARs[^Ɠ삳Aǂ̂i
  łƂłB𓾂΁AႦ΃x_[Ɍ̏ӏ
  Ă炤Ƃł܂B

  o  }U[{[h̃WpAႢ CPU oX̑xɐ؂ςB

  o  BIOS ̉ʂŁA``Load BIOS defaults'' IBȂ炸AO
     ăfBXNhCu̐ݒTĂĂB

  o  (BIOS ) LbV𖳌ɂ (Xbg^CvȂA)B

  o  ``linux mem=4M'' ̃IvVŁAJ[lN (4MB ȏ𖳌
     ɂ)B

  o  ̔OĂ݂B΂񂱂ɎB

  o  tbV̐ݒ (BIOS)B

  o  ق̒N烁؂Ă݂BȂׂAق̃}V Linux 
     ɓɂׂł...  (VROtBbNX Indy 
     ؗp銆D̃^[Qbgł)

  o  A{ɉǂm߂ȂAȉ̂ƂĂ݂
     :

         tcsh
         cd /usr/src/linux
         make zImage
         foreach i (0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9)
           foreach j (0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9)
             make clean;make zImage > log."$i"$j
           end
         end

  ꂽׂẴOt@CłΐłB (ŏ ``make
  zImage''ŁAˑ֌WłɊmꂽƂmF܂.....)  
  16MB  100MHz yeBAƁA24 ԑOォ܂B (4MB  386
  Ɩ 3  :-)

  ɋîA̎ؗp͎ȂƂЂƂقƂǂ
  傤A邾̂ƂĂωȂƂȂƁA߂
  łB̏ꍇ́A{ RAM ̂̂ƌȂ̂
  BډARAM  PC ̍łȃp[cȂ̂ŁAȌ_łė~
  ͂Ȃł傤BłcOȂA RAM ̂ƔƂ̕Ԏ
  Ă܂Bł܂܂߂Ȃ: RAM ͑S̃S~ł
  ȂȂ: łɏoĕʂ́A͂葽 RAM
  𔃂Ƃł܂B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  RAM eX^[̋@Bł RAM eXgƂBʂ OK 
  BRAM ɖȂĂ肦ȂA?

  

  肦܂BRAM ̒ō܂ɋNĂG[́ARAM eX^[ł͌
  ołȂ悤Ɏv܂BuȂ́vRs[^ł́A}U[{[h
  ₵肩 RAM ANZXĂ邩AȂ RAM 
  Ă邩ȂłB̏ꍇ̗_́A܂ RAM eX^[
  MĂN RAM 𔄂Ă邱Ƃł......

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

   Red Hat ̃CXg[ʍӂ̂͂Ȃ?

  

  }VɂẮARed Hat 5.x  6.x ̃CXg[ɂ͖肪
  ܂B

  Red Hat ̃CXg[AȏԂ̃}Vł܂Ȃ (signal 7
   signal 11 ŃNbV) ƂƂ̕񍐂炢܂
  AM҂̖ڂłƌƂ܂B@͐̂ 100% M
  }VłB݂ȁÁuƓvfBXgr[V
  ̂ĂāAguɊ܂Ă܂B̂ɁAƐVo[
  W Red Hat CXg[̂łBɂ܂Âo[W
  ɖ߂Ƃ́A͂Ił܂BȂȂA5.x ɖ߂ƂŁA
  ʂƂēuCXg[̃NbVvɌ邩łB

  Patrick Haley (haleyp@austin.rr.com) ́A96MB (32 & 64) ƂāA
  p^[Ń𑕒Ă݂ƂA96MB ڂ͂
  ƃCXg[ł̂ƕ񍐂Ă܂B́AMҎg
   (Red Hat ̃CXg[Ɏs) oƂv܂: M҂̏ꍇ
  ́A32MB ̃}VɃCXg[悤ƂĎŝłB

  ŐV: J[lɖ肪邹Ȃ݂łBJ[l
  A(ꎞI) sɂāAJgvZX kill 
  ܂B Hubert Mantel (mantel@suse.de) ɂpb`
  <http://juanjox.linuxhq.com/patch/20-p0459.html> œł܂B

  ہÃP[XɂĂ͂܂̂ȂA2 ڂ̉zR\[ɐ؂ւ
  (ctrl-alt-F2 )A 2, 3 bƂ ``sync'' Ƒł̂Ă
  ĂBƁAn[hfBXNobt@ƂĊ蓖Ăꂽ
  ̗ʂ؂l߂܂...  Red Hat ̃CXg[ 2 x 3 xƑ
  ăNbVۂɁÃgbNp邱ƂŃCXg[
  Ƃ́AЂ񂭂!!!

  ̖肩瓦ɂ͉炢̂?...

  o  SuSE gB̓x^[: CXg[̊ԃNbVȂB
     (܂ɁAfBXgr[VƂĂ̂łx^[B;-)

  o  n[hfBXŃuݒvύXBBIOS ł̐ݒ ``LBA'' 
     ``NORMAL'' ɕςƂɂāAȂƂЂƂ̕~Ă
     BȂAR.E.Wolff@BitWizard.nl Ƀ[
     Ɩ{ɂ肪ł: ̂肩LȂ̂ǂAȂ
     畷̂łB (mɁA炫Ɠ悤ɂȂ
     A)

  o  ܂Œ̊{VXeCXg[āAꂩ炻ɃpbP[
     WǉCXg[肩ŁAuM҂́v}Vɂ̓CXg[
     ł܂B

  o  ̌ۂN鎞A}VgĂ̂ȂA
     ƌĂꂽ܂BXbvp[eBV̐ݒ肪łɂ
     ꂽԂŎĂ݂܂傤B܂AԂ񏭂Ȃ̊łC
     Xg[ł悤ȋ@\upӁvĂ̂ɂ炸AC
     Xg[[󋵂̔fĂ̂܂BႦ΁A
      1M 󂫂 RAM cĂȂԂŁA 2M ̃AvP[
     V RAMDISK Ƀ[h悤Ƃ̂܂BāA
     RAM  16M ȂAmem=14M ̃IvVŃu[gƁAۂɌʂ
     邩܂AƂ̂́AꂩuRAMDISK Ƀ[hviK
     ŎsāAȍ~ RAMDISK ̑ CD CXg[悤
     ɂȂł낤łB (̂̓ 8M ̃}VɂCXg[
     łǁAł邩?)

  o  xA Linux Ŏg\肪邷ׂẴp[eBVfBXN
     āAu[gāAꂩCXg[Ă݂AƂ̂
     Ă݂܂傤B蓮Ńp[eBV؂邩ACXg[vO
     ɌvZ邩Aǂ炩̎iŁB (Red Hat ɂI
     Ǝv܂BSuSE ɂ͂܂...)  œ삷悤
     ȂA񍐂Ă炦Ƃ肪łB

  o  _E[h̉ߒŉꂿꍇłNB͂B

  o  ͂ 8MB ̃}Vɂ̓CXg[łȂA sig7 łԂ܂
     IAƂ̕񍐂܂B -- Chris Rocco
     (crocco@earthlink.net)

  o  ``BIOS shadow'' (system  VIDEO ̗) 𖳌ɂ邱Ƃ
     ȂƁAЂƂ̕񍐂Ă܂BLinux  BIOS gȂ
     ̂ŁAshadow LɂĂɗ܂BRs[^̒
     ́Ashadow 𖳌ɂƁA܂ 384k  RAM 邩
     ̂܂BɂāAN邩Ă݂܂傤B --
     Philippe d'Offay (pdoffay@pmdsoft.com).

     ___________________________________________________________________
     ___________________________________________________________________

  

  ق̉\͂Ȃ񂾂낤?

  

  قɂ́Aȉɋ\L^Ă܂:

  o  Red Hat 5.0 Ɋ܂܂ĂRpC libc ́ACyrix ̃vZbT
     Ƃ͖ɑłBRpCNbV邵A́u
     ɁvłBɂꂪƂACyrix ɂ͌_Ŗo
     ̃oOAúv gcc  Linux J[lRpC鎞
     AƂl܂BƂɂJ[lR
     pCȂARed Hat ̃EFuTCgAVRpC
      libc ̂ꂩA͗QbgׂłB (gbvy[W
      errata NbN)

  o  2.0.x ̃J[lA2.8.x  gcc ͔Cӂ̃o[W egcs 
     RpCƁAƓ삵܂B2.0.x J[lɂ́Agcc
     2.7.x ̃Wu̍œK邢ŘIȂoO
     Bgcc 2.8.x  egcs ƁAœKȂ悤Ɏw肵Ȃ
     ŁAȃR[ĥ_v܂BƂɂi
     ǵAꌩƓĂ悤ɌJ[lɂAȃoO
     ł̂łBႦ΂̏ꍇƁAX  signal 11 ŃNbV
     邩܂BƁAuOɐ܂肵ēĂB
     B̖͏C\͂܂B̘b Alan 
     Linus 킸킳ȂŁB?  -- Hans Peter Verne
     (h.p.verne@kjemi.uio.no)

  o  yeBAɍœKꂽ gcc (o[Wԍ̂肪 ``p'' ̂
     ) ́AftHg̃IvV floppy.c ̂悤ȓ̃\[X
     t@C̃RpCɎs܂Buv́AJ[lAlibcAgcc
     gɂ܂B̏ꍇ́APɁun[hEFA̖ł͂Ȃv
     ffł܂BȂȂAӏŋN邩łB
     œK𖳌ɂ (ŏ -fno-unroll-loops Ă݂) Aق
      gcc gÂꂩĂ݂Ƃ悢łB -- Evan Cheng
     (evan@top.cis.syr.edu) (: gcc 2.7.2p ́Afloppy.c ̃R
     pC̍ۂ sig11 ŃNbV܂B􂻂 1: f gcc 
     gB􂻂 2: floppy.c  ``-O2'' ̑ ``-O'' ̃IvV
     Ŏ蓮RpCB)

  o  fBXNƃVXe̊Ԃ̐ڑsǁBႦ΁AIDE P[u 40cm (16
     C`) ̒܂łĂȂ̂ɁAƒP[ut
     ďoׂVXełBO\ IDE bNAVXe
     NbV̂ɏ\ȃgu̗vɂȂ邩܂B

  o  ߂Ⴍɐݒ肳ꂽ gcc -- o[W̕Aʂ̃o
     [Ẃ̕B2, 3 TԌAׂĂ܂ƂɂȂ悤ɃXN
     b`CXg[āAB -- Richard H. Derr
     III (rhd@Mars.mcs.com).

  o  vO SCO ̃Cu (iBCS ɂĂ) ɃNĂ
     ꍇAgcc Agcc ŃRpCꂽAvP[V sig11 ŏI
     邩܂BLDFLAGS  -L/lib w肵AvP[V
     ̒ɂ́ǍۂN̂܂....

  o  ELF `̃oCi𐶐RpCŃJ[lRpCĂ
     ̂ɁAa.out ɐݒ肵ꍇ (t) ``ld'' ŏɌ
     ԂƂ signal 11 ɏo킷ł傤B̏ꍇ̓\tgEFA̖
     肾ƗeՂɌ߂܂BȂȂArh̊ԁuŏɁv ``ld''
     ĂԂƂłN邩łB -- REW

  o  ԈĐݒ肳ꂽ PCI BIOS ƃC[TlbgJ[hƂ̑gݍ킹B
     g (ISA) C[TlbgJ[h ISA oX̃Xbgp
     ABIOS ̃ZbgAbvʂ̂ǂݒ肷Kv邩܂
     BȂ΁An[hEFA PCI oXɃVFA[ḧ̗T
     ɍsł傤BISA ̃J[h PCI oX̃NGXgɔłȂ
     ̂ŁAۂ́uCvǂł܂Ă邱ƂɂȂ܂B̌
     ʁAsegmentation fault J[lNbV肷邱Ƃ
     ܂B -- REW

  o  ꂿXbvp[eBVB Tony Nugent
     (T.Nugent@sct.gu.edu.au) ́AĂ̖AXbvp[eBV
      mkswap ƂŉƂƕ񍐂Ă܂B
     (mkswap AȂɂO ``sync'' ̂YȂŁB --
     Louis J. LaBash Jr.(lou@minuet.siue.edu))

  o  NE2000 ݊̃J[hB NE2000 ݊J[h̒ɂ́AVXe
     \̂̂܂B -- Danny ter Haar
     (dth@cistron.nl) M҂͂ČlIɂ悭ĂƂ
     邩܂AƂ̂́A[T[o[X (1  1 
     x) ЂǂNbVôłBv΁A1.2.13
     A1.3.x J[l̑ɂ͂̃oO݂łB1.3.48 ł
     ܂łBԂÅԂ̂ǂŏCꂽ̂ł
     ....  -- REW

  o  d? AꂪƂ͎vȂȁBSCSI  IDE ̗ 2 
      3 ̃n[hfBXN邢܂ǂ̏dVXełA120 b
     g𒴂邱Ƃ͂Ȃł傤B̃n[hfBXN⋌
     ̊gJ[hǂ肨ȂAɂ̓d͂Kvɂ
     ł傤Ad͋̌EɒBɂ͂܂܂łBA
     悭ÂtTCỸn[hfBXN܂قǌāAł^
     [P[XɑgݍޕႢ܂BہAꂾƓd̉ߕ
     ɂȂ邱Ƃ肦܂B -- Greg Nicholson (greg@job.cba.ua.edu) C
     Jꂽd́A񂬂肬̓d͂𑗂\܂B̏
     A̕ɏĂ邷ׂĂ̏QN܂B -- Thorsten
     Kuehnemann (thorsten@actis.de)

  o  ܂̍Ȃ ext2fsB󋵂ɂĂ ext2 t@CVXẽJ
     [lR[hAʓI gcc  signal 11 NƂ
     B -- Morten Welinder (terra@diku.dk)

  o  CMOS obe[BBIOS D݂ɐݒ肵ĂACMOS obe[CJ
     AႠႠƁu}YvƂ̐ݒɖ߂ꂿႤł
     B -- Heonmin Lim (coco@me.umn.edu)

  o  XbvXy[XA܂ȂȂBgcc ́Aug
     vԂł͂܂܂B -- Paul Brannan
     (brannanp@musc.edu)

  o  ݊̂ȂCuBV{bNN ``libc.so.5'' 
     ``libc.so.6'' ɌĒĂꍇAAvP[V̒ɂ
     sig11 Œv̂ł傤B -- Piete Brooks
     (piete.brooks@cl.cam.ac.uk).

  o  ꂽ}EXBǂ킯A}EX͂ (}EXɊ֌W)
     vO sig11 ŃNbVĒf邱Ƃ悤łB
     ꂽ}EX΂₭AX T[oNbV̂
     Ƃ܂B Matthew ̂Ƃł́A}EX𓮂Ȃꍇ
     ANȂƂ̂ƂłB -- REW & Matthew Duggan
     (stauff@guarana.org).

     ___________________________________________________________________
     ___________________________________________________________________

  

  ȂƂ͐MȂȁBN̂ƂŋN?

  

  ܂AȂƂMҌl̂ƂŋNƂłBłAȂ킽
  ̌ƂMKv͂܂Bȉ̐lB̂ƂłN܂
  :

  o  Johnny Stephens (icjps@asuvm.inre.asu.edu)

  o  Dejan Ilic (d92dejil@und.ida.liu.se)

  o  Rick Tessner (rick@myra.com)

  o  David Fox (fox@graphics.cs.nyu.edu)

  o  Darren White (dwhite@baker.cnw.com) (L2 cache)

  o  Patrick J. Volkerding (volkerdi@mhd1.moorhead.msus.edu)

  o  Jeff Coy Jr. (jcoy@gray.cscwc.pima.edu) (Temp problems)

  o  Michael Blandford (mikey@azalea.lanl.gov) (Temp problems: CPU fan
     failed)

  o  Alex Butcher (Alex.Butcher@bristol.ac.uk) (Memory waitstates)

  o  Richard Postgate (postgate@cafe.net) (VLB loading)

  o  Bert Meijs (L.Meijs@et.tudelft.nl) (bad SIMMs)

  o  J. Van Stonecypher (scypher@cs.fsu.edu)

  o  Mark Kettner (kettner@cat.et.tudelft.nl) (bad SIMMs)

  o  Naresh Sharma (n.sharma@is.twi.tudelft.nl) (30->72 converter)

  o  Rick Lim (ricklim@freenet.vancouver.bc.ca) (Bad cache)

  o  Scott Brumbaugh (scottb@borris.beachnet.com)

  o  Paul Gortmaker (paul.gortmaker@anu.edu.au)

  o  Mike Tayter (tayter@ncats.newaygo.mi.us) (Something with the cache)

  o  Benni ???  (benni@informatik.uni-frankfurt.de) (VLB Overloading)

  o  Oliver Schoett (os@sdm.de) (Cache jumper)

  o  Morten Welinder (terra@diku.dk)

  o  Warwick Harvey (warwick@cs.mu.oz.au) (bit error in cache)

  o  Hank Barta (hank@pswin.chi.il.us)

  o  Jeffrey J. Radice (jjr@zilker.net) (Ram voltage)

  o  Samuel Ramac (sramac@vnet.ibm.com) (CPU tops out)

  o  Andrew Eskilsson (mpt95aes@pt.hk-r.se) (DRAM speed)

  o  W. Paul Mills (wpmills@midusa.net) (CPU fan disconnected from CPU)

  o  Joseph Barone (barone@mntr02.psf.ge.com) (Bad cache)

  o  Philippe Troin (ptroin@compass-da.com) (delayed RAM timing trouble)

  o  Koen D'Hondt (koen@dutlhs1.lr.tudelft.nl) (more kernel error
     messages)

  o  Bill Faust (faust@pobox.com) (cache problem)

  o  Tim Middlekoop (mtim@lab.housing.fsu.edu) (CPU temp: fan installed)

  o  Andrew R. Cook (andy@anchtk.chm.anl.gov) (bad cache)

  o  Allan Wind (wind@imada.ou.dk) (P66 overheating)

  o  Michael Tuschik (mt2@irz.inf.tu-dresden.de) (gcc2.7.2p victim)

  o  R.C.H. Li (chli@en.polyu.edu.hk) (Overclocking: ok for months...)

  o  Florin (florin@monet.telebyte.nl) (Overclocked CPU by vendor)

  o  Dale J March (dmarch@pcocd2.intel.com) (CPU overheating on laptop)

  o  Markus Schulte (markus@dom.de) (Bad RAM)

  o  Mark Davis (mark_d_davis@usa.pipeline.com) (Bad P120?)

  o  Josep Lladonosa i Capell (jllado@arrakis.es) (PCI options
     overoptimization)

  o  Emilio Federici (mc9995@mclink.it) (P120 overheating)

  o  Conor McCarthy (conormc@cclana.ucd.ie) (Bad SIMM)

  o  Matthias Petofalvi (mpetofal@ulb.ac.be) ("Simmverter" problem)

  o  Jonathan Christopher Mckinney (jono@tamu.edu) (gcc2.7.2p victim)

  o  Greg Nicholson (greg@job.cba.ua.edu) (many old disks)

  o  Ismo Peltonen (iap@bigbang.hut.fi) (irq_unmasking)

  o  Daniel Pancamo (pancamo@infocom.net) (70ns instead of 60ns RAM)

  o  David Halls (david.halls@cl.cam.ac.uk)

  o  Mark Zusman (marklz@pointer.israel.net) (Bad motherboard)

  o  Elizabeth Ayer (eca23@cam.ac.uk) (Power management features)

  o  Thorsten Kuehnemann (thorsten@actis.de)

  o

  o  (Ȃ̘b[ĂꂽAɍڂ邩...  :-) ---- XV:
     Ȃ̂ƂłɉN̂Ǝv܂BɂāA
     łNĂ̂ł邾낤A̕
     邾mɕۂƂł邾낤BłAډM҂̂Ƃ
     ́Asig11 ɑƂ̂lX̂܂܂ȃ[AhX
     500 O゠܂B̃XgɁu蓖莟ɁvOǉ
     ̂LvƂ͎v܂BuȂ́vǂv?

     ___________________________________________________________________
     ___________________________________________________________________

  VȘbɋ܂BĂāAꂪł邩mM
  ĂȂȂAR.E.Wolff@BitWizard.nl Ƀ[ƁAɂ
  邩܂BʂȂDS킽ɁA̖肪ł邩
  ȂƂ߂܂ŁAɓ悤ɋ肽Ăł傤.....  (
  A肪炩ɏɋĂ̂ȂA񂴂 :-)

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ______________________________________________________________________

  {ł̎ӎ

  ̖̕|ɂāAJF ML ݂̂Ȃɂւ񂨐bɂȂ܂
  BȂłAR `VA Lɂ̗͂LvȃAhoC
  X܂Bӂ܂B -- Masanori Kobayasi
  (zap03216@nifty.ne.jp)

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ̃̕IWip <http://www.BitWizard.nl> ŊǗĂ
  B

