
                    LILO, Linux Crash Rescue HOW-TO Ķ
                                       
@̡GAl Dev (Alavoor Vasudevan) [1]alavoor@yahoo.com
Ķ̡G갶 [2]u4561055@cc.ncu.edu.tw

   v7.0, 06 May 2001 ½ĶG25 May 2001
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   o󱴰Qq Linux tη^_kCy Linux tηUح
   ]iO - LILO lB linux Lk}B wХD}O(Master Boot
   Record, MBR)laBάOw˨L@~tΨҦp Windows NT ӱN LILO  MBR
   \gҳy linux Lk}C
     _________________________________________________________________
   
1. ²

     * 1.1 pn Linux t 
     * 1.2 ǳƤu@ĳ 
     * 1.3 ^_tΪֳtBJ
     * 1.4 wʱI
     * 1.5  LILO
     * 1.6 `ǿ~
       
2. 

3. 󪺨L榡

4. v Copyright
     _________________________________________________________________
   
1. ²

   zLkקKN~o͡FpGN~oͦb linux tΡA oi|l`wХD
   }O (MBR) άO LILO (Linux boot Loader)C  linux ѩwЬG٦
   ɭPLk}ɡAN~N|o͡C pzp߭sϺСAάOb linux
   tΪqWw˨L@~tΡA ҦpGWindows 98/NTALILO ]i|ġC
   
   o󵹱z@ǫĳBZBMֳtިӧֳt^_tΡA ӤOߦa
   ŪWʭ LILO  Linux C
   
1.1 pn Linux t

   F^_@~tΦp Windows 95/NT/2000BOS/2BBeOSB LinuxA zi
   ݭn˦b@nФp linux tΡC аѦҥHUҦCXpn
   linux t -
     * ̨ [3]Tomsrtbt
     * Ϊn linux t [4]MuLinux
     * [5]Trinux
     * [6]DLX
     * [7]FloppyFW
     * [8]Linux Router Proejct floppy
     * [9]Tiny Linux distributions
     * [10]TINYLinux
       
1.2 ǳƤu@ĳ

   bzϥΤUӳ` Tomsrtbt nеnJA z̦nƤntɮסA
    /etc/fstabB/etc/lilo.confC pbɩΨtɮ׵oͰDɬO۷
   ΪC
     _________________________________________________________________
   
bash# cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.orig
bash# cp /etc/lilo.conf /etc/lilo.conf.orig
bash# cp /etc/hosts /etc/hosts.orig
bash# cp /etc/hosts.allow /etc/hosts.allow.orig
bash# cp /etc/hosts.deny /etc/hosts.deny.orig
bash# cp /etc/inetd.conf /etc/inetd.conf.orig
bash# cp /etc/inittab /etc/inittab.orig
bash# cp /etc/networks /etc/networks.orig
     _________________________________________________________________
   
1.3 ^_tΪֳtBJ

   `۳oǨBJAHKq LILO Ψtη^_C
   
    1. p 1G ptεLk} -
       oëإ tomsrtbt }Ϥ [11]http://www.toms.net/rbA 
       MuLinux }Ϥ (аѦ [12]Tiny Linux)C èϥ tomsrtbt }Ϥ
       }C ϥ fdisk OXΰ(partitions)C յۥΥHUOѥX
       root ΰ -
         _____________________________________________________________
       
bash# fdisk /dev/hda
bash# mkdir /test
bash# mount /dev/hda1 /test
bash# ls /test
zӷ|ݨ root ΰܦpU -
bin   fd    lib   mnt  proc  sbin  usr
boot  dev   etc   home  lost+found  opt  root  tmp   var
         _____________________________________________________________
       
       pGΰϨëD root ΰϡAոդUӤΰ /dev/hda2 C A~
        hda3 B hda4 B hda5 AzX root ΰϬC pb hda
       LkAЭƥHWBJbL˸mWA Ҧp hdb, hdc, hdd ..
       bإ߷s lilo ]wɡA /usrB/varBP /boot ΰϤ]OݭnC
       HڪtάҡAroot ΰϬOb /dev/hda4G
         _____________________________________________________________
       
bash# mkdir /hda4
bash# mount /dev/hda4 /hda4
bash# cat /hda4/etc/fstab
        \Ū fstab eAåB fstab ɮױW (mount) ΰϡCUo -
bash# mount /dev/hda5 /hda4/boot
bash# mount /dev/hda6 /hda4/usr
bash# mount /dev/hda7 /hda4/var
bash# mount /dev/hda8 /hda4/opt
bash# mount /dev/hda9 /hda4/root
bash# mount /dev/hda10 /hda4/home
         _____________________________________________________________
       
       HڪtάҡA fstab ܡAhda5 O bootBhda6 O usr A
       hda7 O varBhda8 O optBhda9 O rootBhda10 O homeB  hda11 O
       windows95 ؿ
       s /etc/fstab (O /hda4/etc/fstab) åB[J(HU{Xd)
         _____________________________________________________________
       
        /dev/hda4  /hda4           ext2 defaults 1 1
        /dev/hda5  /hda4/boot      ext2 defaults 1 1
        /dev/hda6  /hda4/usr       ext2 defaults 1 1
        /dev/hda7  /hda4/var       ext2 defaults 1 1
        /dev/hda8  /hda4/opt       ext2 defaults 1 1
        /dev/hda9  /hda4/root      ext2 defaults 1 1
        /dev/hda10 /hda4/home      ext2 defaults 1 1
        /dev/hda11 /hda4/win95part vfat defaults 1 1

bڪqAhda4  linux  root ΰϡBhda5  boot ΰϡB
hda11 h windows 95  vfat tΡC

bash# mkdir /hda4/win95part
bash# mount /hda4/win95part
        ϥ fsck  e2fsck Oӭ״_tΡC
bash# man fsck
bash# man e2fsck
         _____________________________________________________________
       
    2. p 2G pG LILO OLĪ..
       ̷Ӫp 1 BJӱưDCpGLkѨMAhѷӥHUBJC {bz
       ӤwgW /hda4 Bwgsn /etc/fstab ɮפFC
         _____________________________________________________________
       
bash# mount -a
bash# chroot /hda4 /sbin/lilo -q
bash# man chroot
bash# chroot /hda4 /sbin/lilo
         _____________________________________________________________
       
       z]iHܪϥ /sbin/lilo HN chrootC lilo [ﶵ -r 
       WNM chroot OO@˪C jPĳzϥ chrootAӤnϥ
       lilo -rA ]ϥ chroot KABeX~C
         _____________________________________________________________
       
bash# man lilo
bash# /sbin/lilo -r /hda4
         _____________________________________________________________
       
    3. p 3G pG LILO OLĪ..
       pGϥΪp 1 Mp 2 BJLkѨMA pzϥ
       'mkbootdisk' s@L}(wˮɩΰѦ 'man mkbootdisk'ۦإ)
       Ahϥαz}ϤӶ}í״_ΰϡC mkbootdisk sb
       mkbootdisk*.rpm MAzw˥C (Ķ`GHPoMӦ
       tFЬ߱zoMtөβ´)
    4. p 4G pGHWp 1B2B3 BJҵLkѨMDABz]S}
       Ϥ
       pzL linux tΪqAH root nJåB -
       `NGpGzsĶzۤv֤(kernel) bzImage (Ҧp
       bzImage-2.4.4)A zϥΥHUk vmlinuz-2.4.4 إߵws
       (hard link)C(`N vmlinuz  zAӫD vmlinux) pGzåBJ
       A h mkbootdisk Oi|ѡC
         _____________________________________________________________
       
bash# cd /boot
bash# ls -l vmlinuz*
bash# ln /boot/bzImage-2.4.4  /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.4
         _____________________________________________________________
       
       {bzw bzImage M vmlinuzAUCO -
         _____________________________________________________________
       
bash$ man mkbootdisk
bash# cp /etc/lilo.conf /etc/lilo-original.conf
         _____________________________________________________________
       
       s /etc/lilo.conf ñNzb 'p 1' o root ΰϮ榡J
       FᴡJťպϺФð -
         _____________________________________________________________
       
bash# mkbootdisk --device /dev/fd0 2.2.12-20
(Ķ`G2.2.12-20 ֤ߪsAЦۦ̷ӱz linux ֤ߪ@ܡC)
         _____________________________________________________________
       
       mkbootdisk sb mkbootdisk*.rpm MAzw˥C (Ķ`GH
       PoMӦҮtFЬ߱zoMtөβ´) zTON
       /etc/lilo-original.conf ^ӪɦW /etc/lilo.conf!! AH}
       Ϥi檬p 3 BJC
    5. p 5: oOapAƱz|oӦaBC p 1  4 w]t
       FjhƪרҡAOpGsp 1B2B3BM 4 BJLkѨM -
       Ĥ@BG ϥ tomsrtbt }Ϥ}A (аѦ [13]Tiny Linux) W
       ΰϡA åBϥΥHUOƥ root ΰϦܨL٦ϺЪŶΰ
       -
         _____________________________________________________________
       
        s /etc/fstab åBgJ(HU{XdҡA
        ziॲӱzϺоڪp@) -
                /dev/hda4  /hda4        ext2 defaults 1 1
                /dev/hda11 /b1          vfat defaults 1 1
bash$ mkdir /hda4; mount /hda4
bash$ mkdir /b1; mount /b1
bash$ cd /
bash$ df
        d /b1 O_ϺЪŶAHKϥ tar ӳƥ root ΰϡC
bash$ tar cvf /b1/root-hda4.tar   /hda4
         _____________________________________________________________
       
       ĤGBG J Linux ФA}æw redhat linux (Ķ`GΦw
       L linux oM) b /dev/hda4 (dUnw˥hlMA
       zuݭnw rootBboot tΡAM LILO ޲z̡C ]NOA̤ܳpw
       ˧Yi)C w˵{]N|w LILO bzwи̡C {bsҰ
       linuxAH root nJAåB -
         _____________________________________________________________
       
bash$ man mkbootdisk
bash# cp /etc/lilo.conf /etc/lilo-original.conf
         _____________________________________________________________
       
       `NGzOoN lilo-original.conf ƻs^ lilo.conf!! s
       /etc/lilo.conf ñNzb 'p 1' o root ΰϮ榡JF
       JťպϺФð -
         _____________________________________________________________
       
bash# mkbootdisk --device /dev/fd0 2.2.12-20
(Ķ`G2.2.12-20 ֤ߪsAЦۦ̷ӱz linux ֤ߪ@ܡC)
bash# cp /etc/lilo-original.conf /etc/lilo.conf
         _____________________________________________________________
       
       զ}ϤA˵O_B@A ñNĤ@BQ tar @Ƥ
        /b1/root-hda4.tar ^_C (Ķ`Gziϥ tar xvf Ӧ^_CԨ
       tar manpage)
       
1.4 wʱI

   zĨUCwʱIӳBzӥioͪDC
   
     * z@wns@ϴ}ϤABbzܤΰϮɤ@wns@C J
       պϺФð -
         _____________________________________________________________
       
bash$ man mkbootdisk
mkbootdisk sb mkbootdisk*.rpm MAzw˥C
(Ķ`GHPoMӦҮtFЬ߱zoMtөβ´)
bash$ mkbootdisk --help
bash$ mkbootdisk --device /dev/fd0 2.2.12-20
(Ķ`G2.2.12-20 ֤ߪsAЦۦ̷ӱz linux ֤ߪ@ܡC)
         _____________________________________________________________
       
     * z䥲֦ tomsrtbt }ϤCԨ
       [14]http://www.toms.net/rb (аѦ [15]Tiny Linux)
     * z䥲֦ Yard ϴM}ϤCԨ
       [16]http://www.croftj.net/~fawcett/yard
     * Ƥ /root P /boot ؿCϥ Tomsrtbt }Ϥ}A (аѦ
       [17]Tiny Linux) åB
         _____________________________________________________________
       
bash# vi /etc/fstab
[JHUƦ -
                /dev/hda1 /a1 vfat defaults 1 1
                /dev/hdb1 /b1 vfat defaults 1 1
HڪtάҡA hda1  linux  root ΰ '/'
bash# cd /
bash# tar cvf /b1/linux-root-partition-hda1.tar  a1
bash# tar cvf /b1/linux-boot-partition-hda1.tar  a1/boot
         _____________________________________________________________
       
1.5  LILO

   ziHϥ DOS ҰʸJ{(boot loader)JҰʺϰϡAåHN LILOC
   b MS DOS ܲŸUJHUOG
     _________________________________________________________________
   
        FDISK  /MBR
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   B MBR N "wХD}O(Master Boot Record)"C
   
   аѦ LILO AoL LILO kFoǤq`b linux t
   W /usr/doc/lilo* (Ķ`GΪ̬O /usr/share/doc/lilo*)C]аѦ 'man
   lilo'C
   
1.6 `ǿ~

   bz /etc/lilo.conf Az lilo AϱzܥͮġC ѤF
   O linux Ǫ̫ܱ`Ǫ~C -
     _________________________________________________________________
   
bash# lilo -v -v -v
     _________________________________________________________________
   
2. 

   аѾ\HU}Aio LILOBLinux ϴB^_T -
     * Mini Lilo HOWTO b
       [18]http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/mini/LILO.html
     * Bootdisk-HOWTO b
       [19]http://www.metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Bootdisk-HOWTO/index.html
     * Pre-made boot disks b
       [20]http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Bootdisk-HOWTO/
     * Tomsrtbt boot floppy disk [21]http://www.toms.net/rb (аѾ\
       [22]Tiny Linux)
     * Yard rescue and boot floppy disk
       [23]http://www.croftj.net/~fawcett/yard
     * BootPrompt-HOWTO b
       [24]http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/BootPrompt-HOWTO.html
     * Multiboot with LILO mini HOWTO b
       [25]http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/mini/Multiboot-with-LILO.html
     * Linux+WinNT mini HOWTO b
       [26]http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/mini/Linux+WinNT.html
     * Linux goodies main site [27]http://www.aldev.8m.com
     * Linux goodies mirror site [28]http://aldev.webjump.com
     * Vim color text editor for C++, C
       [29]http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Vim-HOWTO.html
       
3. 󪺨L榡

   OH 11 ؤP榡ҵo檺 - DVI, Postscript, Latex, Adobe
   Acrobat PDF, LyX, GNU-info, HTML, RTF(Rich Text Format), Plain-text,
   Unix man pages, single HTML file H SGML.
     * ziHqUCso HTMLBDVIBPostscriptB SGML 榡 HOWTO 
       @ tar ball ɮ -
       [30]ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/other-formats/
     * ¤r榡ObG [31]ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO
     * Ly½ĶAOkBwBZB B嵥Ob
       [32]ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO wz½ĶL
       yC
       
   OH "SGML-Tools" unҼgAziHbUso즹n
    - [33]http://www.sgmltools.org ziϥΥHUOsĶlɡAҦpG
     * sgml2html LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.sgml ( html ɮ)
     * sgml2rtf LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.sgml ( RTF ɮ )
     * sgml2latex LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.sgml ( latex ɮ)
       
   (Ķ`GĶϥΪ̽Ц ftp.linux.org.tw/pub/CLDP/src U
   zh-sgmltools-1.x-x.tar.gz æwˤAAH bg5sgml2htmlBbg5sgml2rtfB
   bg5sgml2latex  gbsgml2htmlBgbsgml2rtfBgbsgml2latex OsĶlɡC
   Ԩ SGMLtools Mϥλ
   [34]http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/zh-sgmltools.html)
   
   LaTeX iHϥ sgml2latex ӻs@ PostscriptA A dvips ন PDF
   ɡAåBϥ Acrobat distill ( [35]http://www.adobe.com) O[ݵGC
   pHUҥܡG
     _________________________________________________________________
   
bash$ man sgml2latex
bash$ sgml2latex filename.sgml
bash$ man dvips
bash$ dvips -o filename.ps filename.dvi
bash$ distill filename.ps
bash$ man ghostscript
bash$ man ps2pdf
bash$ ps2pdf input.ps output.pdf
bash$ acroread output.pdf &
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   Ϊ̱ziϥ Ghostscript O ps2pdfC ps2pdf OӻP Adobe's Acrobat
   Distiller ~@άۦþ֦j\઺OG N PostScript ɮ
   i⦡榡(Portable Document Format, PDF)ɮסC ps2pdfOQ@
   ]tb Ghostscript OZ (command script) (妸 batch file)A B
   ܤ@ئWs pdfwrite S "X˸m (output device)" ӰC Fn
    ps2pdfA Ghostscript bw˽sĶɡApdfwrite ˸mn]tb
   makefile ̡F Ԩw Ghostscript C
   
   o howto  -
     * [36]http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.html
       
   zi]HbUC蹳o -
     * [37]http://www.caldera.com/LDP/HOWTO/LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.html
     * [38]http://www.WGS.com/LDP/HOWTO/LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.html
     * [39]http://www.cc.gatech.edu/linux/LDP/HOWTO/LILO-crash-rescue-HOW
       TO.html
     * [40]http://www.redhat.com/linux-info/ldp/HOWTO/LILO-crash-rescue-H
       OWTO.html
     * Laz蹳 (}z, network-address-wise) iHb
        [41]http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/mirrors.html ܤ@蹳AB
       iJؿ /LDP/HOWTO/LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.html
       
   n\Ū dvi 榡Aϥ xdvi {Cxdvi {b Redhat Linux O
   sb tetex-xdvi*.rpm (Ķ`GHPoMӦҮtFЬ߱zo
   Mtөβ´)C ziHqO(ControlPanel) | ε{
   (Applications) | X(Publishing) | Tex s}ҤC nŪ
   dvi 榡AаHUO -
   
        xdvi -geometry 80x90 howto.dvi
        man xdvi

   åBϥηƹӭs]wjpC ϥΤVBPage UpBPage Down Ӿɤ
   A z]iϥ 'f', 'd', 'u', 'c', 'l', 'r', 'p', 'n' r ӤWBU
   BmBܤU@B^W@C nMaAЫ 'x'C
   
   ziHϥ 'gv' (ghostview)  'ghostscript' Ӿ\Ū postscript 榡
   C b Redhat Linux ̡Aghostscript sb ghostscript*.rpm MFgv
   hsb gv*.rpm M̡C(Ķ`GHPoMӦҮtFЬ߱zo
   Mtөβ´) ziHq(ControlPanel) | ε{
   (Applications) | uø(Graphics) s}ҤCgv 
   ghostscript HʤơC ghostscript M gv ]LxAO OS/2
   B Windows 95 M NTAzƦܦbǥx]iH[ݦC
   
     * ziqHU}o Windows 95BOS/2BMҦ@~tΥx
       ghostscript [42]http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost
       
   n\Ū postscript 榡AHUO -
   
                gv howto.ps
                ghostscript howto.ps

   ziHϥ Netscape NavigatorBMicrosoft Internet explorerB Redhat
   Baron Web browser ΥL 10 sӾ\Ū HTML 榡
   
   ziHϥ LyX -- @ latex b X-Windows eݬɭAӾ\Ū latex 榡
   C
   
4. v Copyright

   vF LDP (Linux p)  GNU/GPLC LDP O GNU/GPL p@
   C B~ШDzbҦƻs󤤫Od@̪mWBqllHc}B
   MvnCpzoiקμWKA бzi
   Ҧ@̡C boWүOLmWU۩ҦHҦv
   
    (pĶ~AH嬰D)
   
   Copyright policy is GNU/GPL as per LDP (Linux Documentation project).
   LDP is a GNU/GPL project. Additional requests are that you retain the
   author's name, email address and this copyright notice on all the
   copies. If you make any changes or additions to this document then you
   please intimate all the authors of this document. Brand names
   mentioned in this document are property of their respective owners.

References

   1. mailto:alavoor@yahoo.com
   2. mailto:u4561055@cc.ncu.edu.tw
   3. http://www.toms.net/~toehser/rb
   4. http://sunsite.dk/mulinux
   5. http://www.trinux.org/
   6. http://www.wu-wien.ac.at/usr/h93/h9301726/dlx.html
   7. http://www.zelow.no/floppyfw
   8. http://www.psychosis.com/linux-router
   9. http://www.txdirect.net/users/mdfranz/tinux.html
  10. http://tiny.seul.org/en
  11. http://www.toms.net/rb
  12. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.17771/LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.txt.html#tiny
  13. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.17771/LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.txt.html#tiny
  14. http://www.toms.net/rb
  15. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.17771/LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.txt.html#tiny
  16. http://www.croftj.net/~fawcett/yard
  17. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.17771/LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.txt.html#tiny
  18. http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/mini/LILO.html
  19. http://www.metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Bootdisk-HOWTO/index.html
  20. http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Bootdisk-HOWTO/
  21. http://www.toms.net/rb
  22. file://localhost/tmp/zh-sgmltools.17771/LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.txt.html#tiny
  23. http://www.croftj.net/~fawcett/yard
  24. http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/BootPrompt-HOWTO.html
  25. http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/mini/Multiboot-with-LILO.html
  26. http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/mini/Linux+WinNT.html
  27. http://www.aldev.8m.com/
  28. http://aldev.webjump.com/
  29. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Vim-HOWTO.html
  30. ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/other-formats/
  31. ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO
  32. ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO
  33. http://www.sgmltools.org/
  34. http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/zh-sgmltools.html
  35. http://www.adobe.com/
  36. http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.html
  37. http://www.caldera.com/LDP/HOWTO/LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.html
  38. http://www.WGS.com/LDP/HOWTO/LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.html
  39. http://www.cc.gatech.edu/linux/LDP/HOWTO/LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.html
  40. http://www.redhat.com/linux-info/ldp/HOWTO/LILO-crash-rescue-HOWTO.html
  41. http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/mirrors.html
  42. http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost
