  DNS HOWTO
  Nicolai Langfeldt (janl@linpro.no), Jamie Norrish and others
  Version 3.1, 2001-01-18
  앐Y nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp
  v3.1j1, 2001-01-31

  ZԂ DNS Ǘ҂ɂȂ@B
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ڎ

  1. O
     1.1 @IȂ
     1.2 ӎƃwvW
     1.3 

  2. ͂߂
  3. OƃLbVsl[T[o
     3.1 named N
     3.2 ]o
     3.3 ߂łƂ

  4. tH[h (forwarding)
  5. PȃhC
     5.1 ł܂ŏɑދȗ_
     5.2 ̃hC
     5.3 t][
     5.4 CĂق
     5.5 Ȃt삵Ȃ̂
        5.5.1 t][㗝Ȃ
        5.5.2 NXX (classless) ̃Tulbgꍇ
     5.6 X[uT[o

  6. {IȃZLeBIvV
     6.1 ][]̐
     6.2 sp
     6.3 named  root ȊOŎs

  7. ۂ̃hC̗
     7.1 /etc/named.conf (܂ /var/named/named.conf)
     7.2 /var/named/root.hints
     7.3 /var/named/zone/127.0.0
     7.4 /var/named/zone/land-5.com
     7.5 /var/named/zone/206.6.177

  8. eiX
  9. o[W 4 o[W 8 ɍXV
  10. Q & A
  11. n DNS Ǘ҂ɂȂ邽߂

  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  O

  Keywords: DNS, BIND, BIND 4, BIND 8, named, dialup, PPP, slip, ISDN,
  Internet, domain, name, resolution, hosts, caching.

  ̕ Linux Documentation Project ̈ꕔłB (: |ł
  Japanese FAQ Project ̈ꕔł)

  1.1.  @IȂ

  (C)opyright 1995-2001 Nicolai Langfeldt, Jamie Norrish & Co. Do not
  modify without amending copyright, distribute freely but retain
  copyright message.

  ̒̕쌠 (C)opyright 1995-2000 Nicolai Langfeldt, Jamie
  Norrish & Co. ɂ܂B̕Cꍇ͒쌠\ɂ̎|
  LĉB錾ύXȂΎRɍĔzz邱Ƃł
  B

  󒍁F|͒앐Ys܂B(C)opyright 1998-2000 Takeo Nakano

  1.2.  ӎƃwvW

  {̃htgłJēǂłA̗LvȒĂ
   Arnt Gulbrandsen Ɋӂ܂B܂dq[ŒĂ
  Ăꂽ̕Xɂӂ܂B

  ͂̕܂̂ł͂܂B̕ǂɂ邽
  ߂ɁA_␬ȂǂɂĕM҂Ƀ[𑗂ĉBRgE
  AȂǂ janl@math.uio.no ܂ŁB邢͎ DNS {𔃂Ă
  B{Ɋւ͎QlĂB[𑗂AԐM
  ]ꍇɂ́AԐM̃AhXA܂Ƌ@\Ă邩
  ǂmFĉ悤ɂ肢܂B܂[Oɂ͕K ``Q
  & A'' ̃ZNVǂłBȂAǂ߂̂̓mEF[
  pɌ܂B

   HOWTO łB 1995 NA̕ LDP ̈ꕔƂĊ
  Ă܂B 2000 NɁA͂̃gsbNɊւ鏑Ђ܂B
  f肵Ă̂łA HOWTO ͂낢ȓ_ł̖{ƎĂ
  ܂ǂA{̔グL΂߂ɂ HOWTO Ŏ蔲悤
  ȂƂ͂܂BłA{͖̏̎QlɍڂĂ܂B
   HOWTO ̓ǎ҂́ADNS ̗ɓ̂ł邩ɋ
  ܂BɂĂ̖{͗ǂ̂ɂȂ܂A܂{
  ƂŁA HOWTO ɉKvȂ̂l邱ƂɂȂ
  ܂B HOWTO ̖{Y݁A܂̖{ HOWTO ̑OłY
  ނƂɂȂ܂B̃`XɉƂɑ΂āAoŎЂ
  Que Ɋӂ܂ :-)

  : ̕ v1.0 ́AcMFƓPÂƂ|󂳂܂
  B삪 v2.1.1 ɂ킹čXVAȍ~̊ǗsĂ܂BXV̍
  ɂ́AӌEEԍEAZ
  ĂJ삳E䂳͂߁A JF-ML ̊Fɂb
  Ȃ܂B

  |ɊւRg nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp ܂ł肢܂B DNS
  Ɋւ{ł̎ƂĂ linux-users [OXg
  <http://www.linux.or.jp/community/ml/linux-users/> 
  fj.os.linux.networking, fj.net.ip.dns ȂǂKł傤B

  1.3.  

   HOWTO  Anne Line Norheim Langfeldt ɕBƂĂޏ
  ̕ǂނƂ͖낤ǁBނ̏̎qȂ
  ȂB

  2.  ͂߂

  ͉̕łĉł͂ȂB

  DNS Ƃ Domain Name System ̂ƂłB DNS ̓}V̖O IP ԍ
  (lbg[Ñ}Vɂ͕K̔ԍtĂ܂) ɕϊ܂B
  DNS ͖OAhXւ́A܂AhX疼Oւ̖| (邢͒
  ̌tł΁u}bvv) Ȃǂs܂B HOWTO 
  ́AUnix VXepĂ̂悤ȃ}bv`@ɂċLq
  ܂BȂ Linux ɓLȂƂ܂܂Ă܂B

  ł́u}bvvƂ́APɓ̂̂т邱ƂłB̏ꍇ
   ftp.linux.org Ƃ悤ȃ}V̖OƁÃ}V IP ԍ
  (IP AhX) ł 199.249.150.4 ̂悤Ȓlт邱ƂɂȂ
  B DNS ɂ͋t̃}bv܂܂܂BȂ킿AIP ԍ}V
  Oւ̕ϊłB́utvƂĂ܂B

  S (Ȃ ;-) ɂƂ DNS ́Albg[NǗ̂Ȃł킩
  ̈łBK DNS ͎ۂɂ͂قǓ͂܂B
   HOWTO ł́A̎𑽏ȂƂ킩悤ɂƎv
  ܂BȒP DNS l[T[oݒ肷@܂B܂Lb
  Vp̃T[o͂߂āAhCɑ΂vC} DNS T[
  oݒ肵Ă܂BƕGȐݒsȂꍇɂ́A̕ ``Q
  & A'' ̏͂QƂĂBɂĂȂAƂ
  ƂǂޕKvł傤BuƂvɂẮA
  ``nǗ҂ɂȂ邽߂'' ̏͂Ő܂B

  DNS ɂĂ̍Ƃn߂OɁAȂ̃}Vݒ肵āA telnet ł
  olbgւ̊eڑł悤ɂĂĂB
  telnet 127.0.0.1 ŁÃ݂}VgɃOCł悤ɂĂ
   (eXg!)B܂ /etc/nsswitch.conf (邢
  /etc/host.conf)A /etc/resolv.confA /etc/hosts Ȃǂ̃t@Cɑ΂
  āAݒĂĂB̋@\ɂĂ͂̕ł
  ܂Bȏ̏łĂȂꍇ́A Networking-HOWTO 
  Networking-Overview-HOWTO ɐ܂AƓǂŐݒ肵
  ĂB

  ̕ŁuȂ̃}VvƏĂꍇA DNS 𓮍삳
  悤ƂĂ}VŵƂ܂Bɂlbg[NɂȂ
  邠Ȃ̃}V͂ł傤ǁÂƂł͂܂B

  Ȃ̃}VĂlbg[Nɂ́AOubN
  ȖhΕ (t@CAEH[) ݂͑Ȃ̂Ƃ܂Bt@CAEH[
  ɂꍇɂ͓ʂȐݒ肪KvɂȂ܂B ``Q & A'' ̏͂
  B

  UNIX VXeł̖ÕT[rX named ƌĂ΂vOɂ
  Ď܂B Internet Software Consortium  ``BIND'' pbP
  [WɊ܂܂vOłB named ́AقƂǂ Linux fBXg
  r[VɊ܂܂Ă܂BĂ BIND ƂÕpbP[W
  ĂāA /usr/sbin/named ƂăCXg[܂B

   named łɂ΁Ag΂ł傤Bꍇɂ
  Linux  ftp TCgoCi肷邩AŐṼ\[X
  <ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/bind/src/> 肵܂傤B HOWTO ł
  BIND  version 8 ΏۂɂĂ܂B BIND 4 ΏۂɂÂo[W
   HOWTO  <http://www.math.uio.no/~janl/DNS/> ɂ܂̂ŁA
  BIND 4 gĂl͂QƂĂB named  man y[W
  (Ō̕ɂ FILES ZNV)  named.conf ɊւLq΁A
  Ȃ̎gĂ̂ BIND 8 łBt named.boot ɊւLq
   BIND 4 łBZLeBɋCgȂ΂ȂȂlŁA 4 g
  Ăꍇ́AŐV BIND 8 ɃAbvO[hׂł傤B
  ɁAłB

  () Ō͂ƈӌ̕Ƃ납m܂BႦ΃\[X
  xł̃ZLeB`FbNsĂ邱ƂŒm OpenBSD 
  ́A܂ˑRƂ BIND 4  named 肵܂B

  DNS ̓lbg[NŜɍLf[^x[XłBf[^̓o^͐Tdɍs
  Ȃ܂傤Bςȓeo^ƁAȂ̐lBf܂B^
  ڂɂƉ^p΁A DNS ͉b炵Ă͂łB DNS 
  gAǗ̎dAfobÔ肩wсAǂǗ҂ɂȂĂ
  Bݒ~XŃlbg𗎂Ƃ肷邱ƂȂ悤ɂ܂傤ˁB

  : ύX悤Ɏwt@Cłɑ݂ĂA
  ̃obNAbvĂ܂傤BƂ̌ʂ܂Ȃꍇ
  ɁA̓ĂԂɖ߂Ƃł悤ɂ邽߂łB

  3.  OƃLbVsl[T[o

  DNS ݒ̍ŏ̈B_CAAbvEP[ufEADSL [Uɂ
  ƂĂ֗łB

  Red Hat ARed Hat Ɋ֘AfBXgr[Vł́A bind pbP
  [WEbind-utils pbP[WE caching-nameserver pbP[WCXg
  [邾ŁA HOWTO ̍ŏ̃ZNV̌ʂƓ̂
  ܂B Debian gĂȂ bind  bind-doc CXg[邾
  łB񂱂̃pbP[WCXg[邾ł́A HOWTO
  ǂނƂɂēm͎ɓ܂Bł̂ŁA܂pbP[
  WCXg[AŃCXg[ꂽt@C𒲂ׂȂAǂ
  ił̂ǂł傤B

  LbVp̃l[T[oƂ́AǑʂLĂA
  ₢킹̎ɂ̋Lgē̂łB񂩂̖₢킹
  ΂鉞 (ɒxgĂꍇɂ) ƂĂȂ܂B

  ܂ŏ /etc/named.conf Ƃt@CKvł (Debian ł
  /etc/bind/named.conf)B named ͋NƂ܂̃t@Cǂݍ݂
  B݂̂Ƃ́Aȉ̂悤ȊȒPȂ̂ł悢ł傤B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  // Config file for caching only name server

  options {
          directory "/var/named";

          // Uncommenting this might help if you have to go through a
          // firewall and things are not working out.  But you probably
          // need to talk to your firewall admin.

          // query-source port 53;
  };

  zone "." {
          type hint;
          file "root.hints";
  };

  zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {
          type master;
          file "pz/127.0.0";
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Linux fBXgr[ṼpbP[Wł́AŏЉ邻ꂼ
  t@CɁAʂ̖OĂ邩܂Błe͓͂
  B

  directory ̍śA named QƂt@C̒uꏊw肷̂
  Bȍ~ׂ̂Ẵt@C͂̑΃pXƂȂ܂BȂ
  fBNg pz  /var/named ȉɂAtpXŕ\L
  /var/named/pz ƂƂɂȂ܂B /var/named  Linux Filesystem
  Standard ɏfBNgłB

  /var/named/root.hints Ƃt@C̖O͂ŕtĂ܂B
  /var/named/root.hints t@C̓e͈ȉ̂悤ɂĂ܂B (
  ̓dqł炱̃t@CJbgAhy[Xgꍇ́Aۂ
  t@Cł͐擪ɃXy[XĂ͂ȂƂɒӂĂB
  ƁAׂĂ̍s󔒈ȊO̕ł͂܂ĂȂ΂܂
  B\tgɂẮAs̍ŏɃXy[XĂ܂Ƃ
  ̂ŁAƍ邱Ƃ܂B̏ꍇ͐擪̃Xy[X菜
  ĎgĂ)

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ;
  ; There might be opening comments here if you already have this file.
  ; If not don't worry.
  ;
  .                       6D IN NS        M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D IN NS        I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D IN NS        E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D IN NS        D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D IN NS        A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D IN NS        H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D IN NS        C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D IN NS        G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D IN NS        F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D IN NS        B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D IN NS        J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D IN NS        K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                       6D IN NS        L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  ;
  M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D IN A         202.12.27.33
  I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D IN A         192.36.148.17
  E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D IN A         192.203.230.10
  D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D IN A         128.8.10.90
  A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D IN A         198.41.0.4
  H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D IN A         128.63.2.53
  C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D IN A         192.33.4.12
  G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D IN A         192.112.36.4
  F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D IN A         192.5.5.241
  B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D IN A         128.9.0.107
  J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D IN A         198.41.0.10
  K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D IN A         193.0.14.129
  L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6D IN A         198.32.64.12
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ̃t@Cɂ͐Ẽ[gl[T[oLq܂B͎ԂƂ
  ɕωĂ̂ŁAƂǂXVKv܂BXV̕@
  ``eiX'' ̏͂ĂB

  named.conf ̎̃ZNV͍Ō zone łB̗p@ɂĂ͌
  ̏͂ŏqׂł̂ŁÂƂ͈ȉ̂悤ȓẽt@C
  pz TufBNg 127.0.0 ƂOōĂĂB (
  łJbgAhy[XgƂɂ͐擪̃Xy[X菜悤ɂ
  )

  ______________________________________________________________________
  $TTL 3D
  @               IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                                  1       ; Serial
                                  8H      ; Refresh
                                  2H      ; Retry
                                  4W      ; Expire
                                  1D)     ; Minimum TTL
                          NS      ns.linux.bogus.
  1                       PTR     localhost.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ɁAȉ̂悤ȓe /etc/resolv.confKvłB (󔒂
  菜!)
  ______________________________________________________________________
  search subdomain.your-domain.edu your-domain.edu
  nameserver 127.0.0.1
  ______________________________________________________________________

  `search' Ŏn܂ĂśA₢킹ꂽzXgThC̎w
  łB`nameserver' Ŏn܂śAl[T[õAhXwłB
  ͎̃}VŃl[T[o𓮂̂ŁA[JzXgw肵܂B
  (: named ͂̃t@CQƂ܂BQƂ̂̓]ołB
  2: resolv.conf t@Ciɂ "domain" Əꂽs邩܂
  B肠܂񂪁A"search"  "domain" ̗𓯎ɂ͗pȂ
  ɂĂBǂ炩͂܂B)

  ̃t@C̈Ӗ܂傤BNCAg foo ̖Os
  ƁA܂ŏ foo.subdomain.your-domain.edu 𒲂ׁA foo.your-
  domain.edu AŌ foo 𒲂ׂ܂Bsearch sɂ܂葽̃h
  CƁAׂĂ𒲂ׂ̂ɎԂ悤ɂȂ̂ŁAقǂقǂ
  Ă̂ǂł傤B

  ̗ł͂Ȃ̃}V subdomain.your-domain.edu ɂƂĂ
  ̂ŁAȂ̃}V̖O͂炭 your-machine.subdomain.your-
  domain.edu ƂȂĂł傤BȂ search sɂ͂Ȃ TLD (Top
  Level Domain, ̏ꍇ `edu') ܂߂ׂł͂܂Bpɂɐڑ
  悤ȓ̃hC΁Aȉ̂悤 search sɂ̃hC
  Ăł傤B (擪ɃXy[X苎̂YȂ
  悤ɁB)

  ______________________________________________________________________
  search subdomain.your-domain.edu your-domain.edu other-domain.com
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ۂɂ͖{̃hCKv܂BhC̍Ō
  ɂ̓sIhȂƂɒӂĂB͏dvȃ|Cg
  BhC̍Ōɂ̓sIhȂƂɒӂĂB

  3.1.  named N

  ̏񂾂 named 𗧂グ܂傤B_CAAbvڑ
  ĂĺA܂ɐڑĂB `ndc start' Ɠ͂ă^[
  ĂBIvV͎w肵܂B܂Ȃꍇ
  `/usr/sbin/ndc start' ƂĂ݂܂傤B܂Ȃꍇ ``Q
  & A'' ̏͂ĉB named 𓮂ĂŒ  syslog ̃bZ[
  Wt@C (ʂ /var/adm/messages łAfBNg /var/log
  At@C syslog 肷邩܂) 
  (tail -f /var/adm/messages Ƃ܂) Aȉ̂悤ȏo͂\
  ł:

  (\ ŏIĂśA̍sɑĂ邱Ƃ\܂)

  Dec 15 23:53:29 localhost named[3768]: starting.  named 8.2.2-P7 \
                  Fri Nov 10 04:50:23 EST 2000 ^Iprospector@porky.\
                  devel.redhat.com:/usr/src/bs/BUILD/bind-8.2.2_P7/\
                  src/bin/named
  Dec 15 23:53:29 localhost named[3768]: hint zone "" (IN) loaded\
                  (serial 0)
  Dec 15 23:53:29 localhost named[3768]: Zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa"\
                  (file pz/127.0.0): No default TTL set using SOA\
                  minimum instead
  Dec 15 23:53:29 localhost named[3768]: master zone\
                  "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1)
  Dec 15 23:53:29 localhost named[3768]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo)
  Dec 15 23:53:29 localhost named[3768]: listening on [10.0.0.129].53\
                  (wvlan0)
  Dec 15 23:53:29 localhost named[3768]: Forwarding source address is\
                  [0.0.0.0].1034
  Dec 15 23:53:29 localhost named[3769]: Ready to answer queries.

  G[bZ[Wꍇ́AԈႦĂ̂ł傤B named 
  ̊ԈĂt@C𖼎wĂ͂łB߂ăt@C
  `FbNĂBCI "ndc restart" s܂
  B

  āA܂ōsĂݒĂ݂܂傤B܂ł nslookup 
  eXĝ߂̃vOłBŋ߂ł dig Ă܂B

       $ dig -x 127.0.0.1

       ; <<>> DiG 8.2 <<>> -x
       ;; res options: init recurs defnam dnsrch
       ;; got answer:
       ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 4
       ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
       ;; QUERY SECTION:
       ;;      1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa, type = ANY, class = IN

       ;; ANSWER SECTION:
       1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.  1D IN PTR  localhost.

       ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
       0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.   1D IN NS        ns.penguin.bv.

       ;; Total query time: 30 msec
       ;; FROM: lookfar to SERVER: default -- 127.0.0.1
       ;; WHEN: Sat Dec 16 00:16:12 2000
       ;; MSG SIZE  sent: 40  rcvd: 110

  ƕ\΁A܂Ă͂łBȂƂłˁB
  ̕\oA蒼ASă`FbNłB named.conf ύX
  Âт ndc restart R}h named ċNKv
  B

  ł͖₢킹Ă݂܂傤BȂ̋߂ɂ}V̖O
  ݂܂傤B̋߂ (Oslo w) ɂ pat.uio.noƂ}V
  B
       $ dig pat.uio.no

       ; <<>> DiG 8.2 <<>> pat.uio.no
       ;; res options: init recurs defnam dnsrch
       ;; got answer:
       ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 4
       ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 3
       ;; QUERY SECTION:
       ;;      pat.uio.no, type = A, class = IN

       ;; ANSWER SECTION:
       pat.uio.no.             1D IN A         129.240.130.16

       ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
       uio.no.                 1D IN NS        nissen.uio.no.
       uio.no.                 1D IN NS        ifi.uio.no.
       uio.no.                 1D IN NS        nn.uninett.no.

       ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
       nissen.uio.no.          1D IN A         129.240.2.3
       ifi.uio.no.             1H IN A         129.240.64.2
       nn.uninett.no.          1D IN A         158.38.0.181

       ;; Total query time: 112 msec
       ;; FROM: lookfar to SERVER: default -- 127.0.0.1
       ;; WHEN: Sat Dec 16 00:23:07 2000
       ;; MSG SIZE  sent: 28  rcvd: 162

  x́Adig ͂Ȃ̃}VœĂ named  pat.uio.no T
  ˗܂B named  root.hints t@CɏĂl[
  T[öɐڑāA₢킹܂B /etc/resolv.conf ɏ
  ĂhCׂĂɂĒׂKv邩Ȃ̂ŁAʂ
  ܂łɏXԂ邱Ƃ܂B "flags" s "aa" ɒ
  ĂB͌ʂuMł (authoritative)vƂĂ
  ܂B܂AMłT[o̍ŐV̌ʂłAƌƂłB
  ȂɂuMłv̂͂̂قǐ܂B

  łx₢킹sƁÂ悤ȌʂɂȂł傤B

  $ dig pat.uio.no

  ; <<>> DiG 8.2 <<>> pat.uio.no
  ;; res options: init recurs defnam dnsrch
  ;; got answer:
  ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 4
  ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 3
  ;; QUERY SECTION:
  ;;      pat.uio.no, type = A, class = IN

  ;; ANSWER SECTION:
  pat.uio.no.             23h59m58s IN A  129.240.130.16

  ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
  UIO.NO.                 23h59m58s IN NS  nissen.UIO.NO.
  UIO.NO.                 23h59m58s IN NS  ifi.UIO.NO.
  UIO.NO.                 23h59m58s IN NS  nn.uninett.NO.

  ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
  nissen.UIO.NO.          23h59m58s IN A  129.240.2.3
  ifi.UIO.NO.             1d23h59m58s IN A  129.240.64.2
  nn.uninett.NO.          1d23h59m58s IN A  158.38.0.181

  ;; Total query time: 4 msec
  ;; FROM: lookfar to SERVER: default -- 127.0.0.1
  ;; WHEN: Sat Dec 16 00:23:09 2000
  ;; MSG SIZE  sent: 28  rcvd: 162

  x͌ʂ "aa" tOȂƂɂڂBꂪӖ
  ́A񂱂̏͂łɃLbVɓĂ̂ŁA named ̓lbg
  [NoRŒׂ̂ł͂ȂAƂƂłBłLbV̏͂
  ƌÂƂ邩܂Bł炱ł "aa" uȂ
  ƂŁA (ق̂킸) \m炳ꂽ킯łBłtɁA
  LbV삵Ă邱Ƃ킩ƂɂȂ܂B

  3.2.  ]o

  WI C API Ă邷ׂĂ OS ɂ́A gethostbyname 
  gethostbyaddr ƂVXeR[݂܂B͉ނ̈ق
  񌹂擾ł܂Bǂ̏񌹂擾邩́ALinux Ȃ
  /etc/nsswitch.conf Ƃt@CŐݒł܂ (pĂ Unix
  ͑ɂ܂)B͒t@CŁAǂ̃t@CA邢͂
  ̃f[^x[XA낢Ȏނ̃f[^擾邩w肵܂B
  ͐擪ɃRg`̉܂̂ŁAǂł܂傤BǂݏI
   `hosts:' ł͂܂sTĂBȉ̂悤ɂȂĂ
  ͂łB

  ______________________________________________________________________
  hosts:      files dns
  ______________________________________________________________________

  (擪̃Xy[X̂Ƃ͊oĂ܂ˁHȏ͂y܂B)

  `hosts:' ł͂܂s΁AL̂悤ȓeĂĂ
  B́AvO͂܂ /etc/hosts t@CɍsA DNS
   resolv.conf ɂă`FbNAƌĂ܂B

  3.3.  ߂łƂ

  āA₠Ȃ̓LbV named ̐ݒ@m킯
  Br[ł~NłADȂ̂Ŋt܂傤B

  4.  tH[h (forwarding)

  wp@ւ ISP (Internet Service Provider) Ȃǂ́AɑgDꂽ
  傫ȃlbg[Nł́Albg[ÑvB DNS T[oɁutH[
  _ (forwarder)vƌĂ΂Kw݂Ă邱Ƃ邩܂B
  ɂ͓̃lbg[NׂOɂT[oׂ̕ʂ
  ̂łB̂悤ȃlbg[N̈ꕔɂ̂ǂm̂͂
  قǊȒPł͂܂񂪁A͕ʂɋCɂKv͂܂Bނ
  ŒڂׂȂ̂́AڑĂvoC_ DNS T[outH
  [_vƂėpƁA₢킹̔𑬂łAlbg[Nւ̕
  ׂ邱ƂłƂ_łBfgĂꍇ́Ǎ
  ͂Ȃ傫łBŗƂāAg̃lbg[NvoC_ɂ
  p𐄏Ă̃l[T[oƂ܂Bꂼ IP ԍ
   10.0.0.1  10.1.0.1 Ƃ܂傤B̂悤ȏꍇɂ́A茳
  named.conf t@C̍ŏ̃ZNVA ``options'' ƂO
  镔Ɉȉ̍s}ĉB

  ______________________________________________________________________
             forward first;
             forwarders {
                  10.0.0.1;
                  10.1.0.1;
              };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  _CAAbv}Vɂ forwarders gƊgbN
  ܂B ``Q & A'' ̏͂ɏĂ܂B

  l[T[oċNāAdig ŃeXgĂB܂Ă
  v܂B

  5.  P hC

  Ȃg̃hC̐ݒ@

  5.1.  ł܂ŏɑދȗ_

  ܂ŏ: ܂ł̓e͂Ɠǂ݂܂HǂłȂΓǂނ
  ɁB

  ̃ZNVۂɎn߂OɁADNS ̓Ɋւ闝_XƁA
  ̓ЉĂ܂BƖɗ܂AГǂ݂܂傤B
  ǂ݂ȂĂAȂƂǂ݂炢͂ĂĂB
  named.conf t@C̐ݒɊւ镔܂ł痬ǂ݂̓Xgbv
  B

  DNS ͊KwIȃc[\̃VXełB̒_ `.' ƋLqA
  (c[^f[^\ł̊ɏ]) u[g (root)vƔ܂B
  `.' ̉ɂ͂ Top Level Domain (TLD) ܂B ORG, COM,
  EDU, NET ȂǂLłAɂ񂠂܂Bۂ̖؂Ɠ悤
  ɁÃc[\͍A}ꂵ܂BvZ@Ȋw̒ml
  ɂ́A DNS ͌c[Ɍł傤B܂ɂ͐ߓ_ (node)A[_
  (leaf node)A} (edge) 邱ƂĎł傤B

  }V̌sƂA₢킹̓[gn܂Kwɑ΂čċAI
  ɍs܂BȂzXg prep.ai.mit.edu. ̃AhX₢킹
  ƁAȂ̃l[T[óA܂ǂɖ⍇킹Ȃ΂Ȃ܂
  B܂LbVɂȂǂT܂BȑO̖⍇킹Lb
  VɎcĂāAmĂꍇɂ́AÕZNVɂ悤
  ɁAɓԂ܂BLbVɓȂꍇ́AO̍
  ĂA ai.mit.edu., mit.edu., edu. ɂĒmĂ
  邩`FbNĂ܂BmȂ . ɍs킯łA
   hints t@CɏĂ̂ŁA܂BłȂ̃l[
  T[o . ̃T[o prep.ai.mit.edu Ɋւ₢킹s܂B
   . T[o͒ڂ̓͒mȂł傤AȂ̃T[oɎQƐ
  񎦂Aɂǂɕ΂Ă܂B̎QƐ񎦂͓
  ɎXɍsAȂ̃l[T[o͓mĂl[T[oɂ
  œ܂B܂炨܂傤B +norec  dig ɍċAI
  Ȗ⍇킹Ȃ悤ɖAċAXgōsƂɂ܂B̑
  ̃IvV́Adig ɐ炷悤ɖ̂ŁA
  񂵂܂B

       $ dig +norec +noH +noques +nostats +nocmd prep.ai.mit.edu.
       ;; res options: init defnam dnsrch
       ;; got answer:
       ; flags: qr ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 13, ADDITIONAL: 13
       ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
       .                       5d23h48m47s IN NS  I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       5d23h48m47s IN NS  E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       5d23h48m47s IN NS  D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       5d23h48m47s IN NS  A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       5d23h48m47s IN NS  H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       5d23h48m47s IN NS  C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       5d23h48m47s IN NS  G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       5d23h48m47s IN NS  F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       5d23h48m47s IN NS  B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       5d23h48m47s IN NS  J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       5d23h48m47s IN NS  K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       5d23h48m47s IN NS  L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       .                       5d23h48m47s IN NS  M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.

       ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
       I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6d23h48m47s IN A  192.36.148.17
       E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6d23h48m47s IN A  192.203.230.10
       D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6d23h48m47s IN A  128.8.10.90
       A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6d23h48m47s IN A  198.41.0.4
       H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6d23h48m47s IN A  128.63.2.53
       C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6d23h48m47s IN A  192.33.4.12
       G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6d23h48m47s IN A  192.112.36.4
       F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6d23h48m47s IN A  192.5.5.241
       B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6d23h48m47s IN A  128.9.0.107
       J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6d23h48m47s IN A  198.41.0.10
       K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6d23h48m47s IN A  193.0.14.129
       L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6d23h48m47s IN A  198.32.64.12
       M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     6d23h48m47s IN A  202.12.27.33

  ͎QƐ̒񎦂łBɂ "Authority section" ȂA"Answer
  section" ܂B̗Ăl[T[óÃl[
  T[ôǂꂩɎw܂BǂꂩЂƂ_ɑIł݂܂
  B

       $ dig +norec +noH +noques +nostats +nocmd prep.ai.mit.edu. @H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
       ; (1 server found)
       ;; res options: init defnam dnsrch
       ;; got answer:
       ; flags: qr; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 3
       ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
       MIT.EDU.                2D IN NS        BITSY.MIT.EDU.
       MIT.EDU.                2D IN NS        STRAWB.MIT.EDU.
       MIT.EDU.                2D IN NS        W20NS.MIT.EDU.

       ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
       BITSY.MIT.EDU.          2D IN A         18.72.0.3
       STRAWB.MIT.EDU.         2D IN A         18.71.0.151
       W20NS.MIT.EDU.          2D IN A         18.70.0.160

  MIT.EDU ̃T[oQ؂ɒ񎦂܂Bł͂܂ǂꂩ_
  ɑIт܂傤B

       $ dig +norec +noH +noques +nostats +nocmd prep.ai.mit.edu. @bitsy.mit.edu
       ; (1 server found)
       ;; res options: init defnam dnsrch
       ;; got answer:
       ; flags: qr ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 4, ADDITIONAL: 4
       ;; ANSWER SECTION:
       prep.ai.mit.edu.        3h50m7s IN A    198.186.203.18

       ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
       AI.MIT.EDU.             6H IN NS        FEDEX.AI.MIT.EDU.
       AI.MIT.EDU.             6H IN NS        LIFE.AI.MIT.EDU.
       AI.MIT.EDU.             6H IN NS        ALPHA-BITS.AI.MIT.EDU.
       AI.MIT.EDU.             6H IN NS        BEET-CHEX.AI.MIT.EDU.

       ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
       FEDEX.AI.MIT.EDU.       6H IN A         192.148.252.43
       LIFE.AI.MIT.EDU.        6H IN A         128.52.32.80
       ALPHA-BITS.AI.MIT.EDU.  6H IN A         128.52.32.5
       BEET-CHEX.AI.MIT.EDU.   6H IN A         128.52.32.22

  x "ANSWER SECTION" ܂BĎ̒m肽
  ܂B "AUTHORITY SECTION" ɂ́A ai.mit.edu ɐq˂ۂ
  ͂ǂ̃T[oɂׂAɊւ񂪊܂܂Ă܂BĎ
  ai.mit.edu ̖OɂĒm肽Ƃɂ́AɒڕΗǂ킯
  łB

  Ƃ킯ŁA. X^[gAQƐ񎦂H邱ƂŁAhC̊e
  xɂl[T[oXɌ邱Ƃł܂BO DNS
  T[o΁Ȃ̃l[T[ogȂĂAȂ named
  ́Â悤Ɍ@ĂiKŌׂăLbVA΂
  ͍Ăѐq˂ȂĂǂ悤ɂĂ܂B

  c[Ƃ̃AiW[łƁAO̊e ``.'' ͎}̃|Cgɑ
  ܂B ``.''  ɋ܂ꂽ̓c[ł̂ꂼ̎}̖O
  ɂȂ܂B~O (prep.ai.it.edu) ̖O𓾂ɂ́Ãc[
  ĂƂɂȂ܂B root (.) Aroot  prep.ai.mit.edu Ɏ
  r̂T[oɏ₢킹ALbV܂B
  LbV̐ɒBƁAċAIȃ]o͂̃T[oւ̖⍇킹
  ߁AŎQƒ񎦂ꂽAO̒[̂قɂ鎟̃T[oւƐił
  ܂B

  ܂܂łقƂǐG܂łA炢ɏdvȃhCƂ
   in-addr.arpa ܂B́uʂ́vhĈ悤ɃlXg
  ܂B in-addr.arpa ɂāAAhX킩ĂꍇɃzXg
  邱Ƃł悤ɂȂ܂BŏdvȂ̂́A IP ԍ in-
  addr.arpa hCł͋tɋLq邱ƂłB}ṼAhX
  192.148.52.43 킩ĂꍇA named   prep.ai.mit.edu 
  Ɠ悤ɓ삵܂: ŏ arpa. ̃T[o܂B in-
  addr.arpa. ̃T[oA 192.in-addr.arpa. ̃T[oA 148.192.in-
  addr.arpa. ̃T[oA 52.148.192.in-addr.arpa. ̃T[o܂B
  ĕKv 43.52.148.192.in-addr.arpa. ɑΉ郌R[h
  BłH (łH) ԍ̋t]ɂ́A܂ŉN
  邩܂񂯂ǂˁB

  5.2.  ̃hC

  āÃhC`܂傤BhC linux.bogus A
  Ɏ̃}V`܂傤Bł͊Sɉˋ̃hC
  gāAԈĂO̐lɖfȂ悤ɂ܂傤B

  n߂Oɂ_BzXgɎg镶ɂ͐܂Bp̃A
  t@xbg a-zA 0-9A '-' (_bV) g܂B
  悤ɂĂB啶 DNS ł͋ʂ܂B
   pat.uio.no  Pat.UiO.No Ƃ͂܂悤ɉ߂܂B

  ͂̏͂ōŏɍsׂ͂łɋLqς݂łB named.conf ɂ͈
  ̂悤ȍs܂ˁB

  ______________________________________________________________________
  zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {
          type master;
          file "pz/127.0.0";
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ̃t@Cł̓hC̍Ō `.' tĂȂ_ɒӂĂ
  BL̓eAꂩ玄̓][ 0.0.127.in-addr.arpa 
  `邱ƁAĂ named ̃][̃}X^[T[oɂȂ邱ƁA
  ܂̓et@C pz/127.0.0 ɕۑ邱ƂȂǂ킩܂B
  ̃t@C͂łɐݒς݂ŁAȉ̂悤ȓê͂łB

  ______________________________________________________________________
  $TTL 3D
  @               IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                                  1       ; Serial
                                  8H      ; Refresh
                                  2H      ; Retry
                                  4W      ; Expire
                                  1D)     ; Minimum TTL
                          NS      ns.linux.bogus.
  1                       PTR     localhost.
  ______________________________________________________________________

   named.conf ̏ꍇƂ͑ΏƓIɁÃt@Cłׂ͂ẴhC
  ̍Ō `.' 邱ƂɒӂĂB][t@C
  $ORIGIN ߂Jn邱ƂDސl悤łA͕sv
  B][t@C origin (̃][ DNS ̊Kw) 
  named.conf ̃][ZNVŎw肳܂B̏ꍇ 0.0.127.in-
  addr.arpa łB

  ́u][t@Cvɂ͎O́u\[XR[h (resource record:
  RR)v܂܂Ă܂B SOA RR, NS RR, PTR RR łB SOA  Start Of
  Authority ̏ȗłB `@' ͓ʂȋLŁA origin Ӗ܂B
  t@C `domain' J 0.0.127.in-addr.arpa łAŏ̍s
  ۂ̈Ӗ͈ȉƓɂȂ܂B

       0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.   IN      SOA ...

  NS  Name Server RR ̗łB̍s̐擪ɂ `@' ܂B
  ͈Öق̂ɂłɎw肳ꂽƂɂȂĂ܂BO̍s `@' ł
  ܂ĂłB^Cv̗ʂߖł܂ˁB NS 
  s͈ȉ̂悤ɂLqł邱ƂɂȂ܂B

       0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.   IN      NS      ns.linux.bogus

  ̍s DNS ɁAǂ̃}ṼhC 0.0.127.in-addr.arpa ̃l[
  T[oł邩܂B ns.linux.bogus Ƃ킯łˁB `ns' 
  ̂̓l[T[oɗǂp閼OłA web T[o
  www.something ƂOt̂Ǝ悤Ȃ̂łBۂɂ͂
  ȖOpĂ܂܂B

  Ō PTR (Domain Name Pointer) R[hATulbg 0.0.127.in-
  addr.arpa ̃AhX 1 ̃zXgAȂ킿 127.0.0.1  localhost Ƃ
  Oł邱ƂĂ܂B

  SOA R[h͂ǂȃ][t@Cł擪ɒu܂B܂e][
  t@Cɂ܂B̃R[h̓][̐łBǂ瓾
  ̂ (linux.bogusƂ}V)AeɊւӔC҂͒N
  (hostmaster@linux.bogus: ɂ͂Ȃ̓dq[AhX
  傤)A][t@C̃o[W͂ (serial: 1)Ȃ
  LbVZJ_ DNS T[oȂǂɊ֘AeȂǂ܂Bc
  ̃tB[h refresh, retry, expire, minimum ɂẮA
  HOWTO ̒l̂܂܎gΓɖȂł傤B SOA ̑Oɂ͕K{
  sA$TTL 3D Əꂽs܂Bׂ͂Ẵ][t@Cɏ
  ĂB

  āA named ċN (R}h ndc restart ł)A dig R
  }hgč܂ł̐ݒ̊mFs܂傤B -x ŋt̖⍇킹
  s܂B

  $ dig -x 127.0.0.1

  ; <<>> DiG 8.2 <<>> -x
  ;; res options: init recurs defnam dnsrch
  ;; got answer:
  ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 4
  ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
  ;; QUERY SECTION:
  ;;      1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa, type = ANY, class = IN

  ;; ANSWER SECTION:
  1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.  1D IN PTR  localhost.

  ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
  0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.   1D IN NS        ns.penguin.bv.

  ;; Total query time: 5 msec
  ;; FROM: lookfar to SERVER: default -- 127.0.0.1
  ;; WHEN: Sat Dec 16 01:13:48 2000
  ;; MSG SIZE  sent: 40  rcvd: 110

  ȂƂ 127.0.0.1  localhost ܂BłˁBł
  Ĉdł linux.bogus hĈ߂ɁA named.conf ɐV
   `zone' ZNV܂傤B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  zone "linux.bogus" {
          notify no;
          type master;
          file "pz/linux.bogus";
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ł named.conf t@CɋLqhC̍Ōɂ `.' t
  ĂȂƂɒځB

  linux.bogus ][t@Cɂ́A܂ˋ̃f[^uƂɂ
  傤B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ;
  ; Zone file for linux.bogus
  ;
  ; The full zone file
  ;
  $TTL 3D
  @       IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                          199802151       ; serial, todays date + todays serial #
                          8H              ; refresh, seconds
                          2H              ; retry, seconds
                          4W              ; expire, seconds
                          1D )            ; minimum, seconds
  ;
                  NS      ns              ; Inet Address of name server
                  MX      10 mail.linux.bogus     ; Primary Mail Exchanger
                  MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.   ; Secondary Mail Exchanger
  ;
  localhost       A       127.0.0.1
  ns              A       192.168.196.2
  mail            A       192.168.196.4
  ______________________________________________________________________

  SOA R[hɂĂ͓̓_ɒӂKv܂B
  ns.linux.bogus  A R[hۂ̃}VłȂ΂Ȃ܂B
  CNAME R[h̃}V SOA R[h̃}VƂċLq邱Ƃ͋
  Ă܂BO `ns' łȂĂAzXgł΂܂܂
  B hostmaster.linux.bogus  hostmaster@linux.bogus Ɠǂݑւ
  B̓[GCAX[{bNXŁA DNS e
  iXĂlpɂɃ`FbNĂƂłȂ΂Ȃ܂B
  ̃hCɊւ郁[́AŋLqꂽAhXɑ邱ƂɂȂ
  ܂BO `hostmaster' łȂȂ e-mail AhXł܂
  Bł `hostmaster' ł񂿂Ɠ͂łB

  ̃t@Cɂ͐V^Cv RR ܂B MX (Mail eXchanger) RR
  łB̓[VXeɑ΂ someone@linux.bogus [̑
  `̂ŁA mail.linux.bogus ܂ mail.friend.bogus 
  Ȃ܂B}V̖ȎOɏꂽl MX RR ̗Dx܂B
  Œ̐l (10) zXgɑ΂ėDIɃ[܂B̔z
  ɎsƁA[͂傫ȐlzXgɔz܂B
  킿ł͗Dx 20  mail.friend.bogus łB

  ndc restart s named ċN܂傤B܂ł̐ݒ dig
  ŊmF܂傤B

  $ dig any linux.bogus +pfmin
  ;; res options: init recurs defnam dnsrch
  ;; got answer:
  ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 23499
  ;; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 4, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1
  ;; QUERY SECTION:
  ;;      linux.bogus, type = ANY, class = IN

  ;; ANSWER SECTION:
  linux.bogus.            3D IN MX        10 mail.linux.bogus.linux.bogus.
  linux.bogus.            3D IN MX        20 mail.friend.bogus.
  linux.bogus.            3D IN NS        ns.linux.bogus.
  linux.bogus.            3D IN SOA       ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                                          199802151       ; serial
                                          8H              ; refresh
                                          2H              ; retry
                                          4W              ; expiry
                                          1D )            ; minimum

  悭ƁAoO邱Ƃ킩Ǝv܂B

       linux.bogus.            3D IN MX        10 mail.linux.bogus.linux.bogus.

  Ƃ̂͑SłˁB́A

       linux.bogus.            3D IN MX        10 mail.linux.bogus.

  łȂ΂Ȃ܂B

  ǎ҂̊wKʂ𗶂 :-)AŎ͂킴ƊԈႦ܂B][t@C
  ƁAȉ̍s͂łB

                       MX      10 mail.linux.bogus     ; Primary Mail Exchanger

  ɂ̓sIhȂłˁB邢͗]v 'linux.bogus' Ă
  ܂ĂAƂ܂B][t@CɏꂽzXg̍ŌɃs
  IhȂꍇɂ́A origin Ōɉ܂B܂
  linux.bogus.linux.bogus ƓdɂȂĂ܂̂łBłA

  ______________________________________________________________________
                  MX      10 mail.linux.bogus.    ; Primary Mail Exchanger
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Ƃ邩A

  ______________________________________________________________________
                  MX      10 mail                 ; Primary Mail Exchanger
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ƂׂłB͌҂DłB^CvʂȂłˁB BIND
  ̐Ƃɂ͂̏ɔ΂l܂ (^l܂)B][
  t@Cł́AhCׂ͂ď `.' ŏI邩ASȂ
  ǂ炩ɂ܂B҂ł̓ftHg origin t܂B

  ЂƂӂĂ̂łAnamed.conf t@Cł́AhC
  ̌ `.' tĂ͂܂B `.' 菭Ȃ肵
  ŁAǂꂾ̕߂ɂȂAlXꂽA
  Ȃɂ͑zȂł傤B

  ƌƂŁA̓_ĐVȃ][t@C܂傤BX
  VĂ܂Aȉ̂悤ɂȂ܂B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ;
  ; Zone file for linux.bogus
  ;
  ; The full zone file
  ;
  $TTL 3D
  @       IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                          199802151       ; serial, todays date + todays serial #
                          8H              ; refresh, seconds
                          2H              ; retry, seconds
                          4W              ; expire, seconds
                          1D )            ; minimum, seconds
  ;
                  TXT     "Linux.Bogus, your DNS consultants"
                  NS      ns              ; Inet Address of name server
                  NS      ns.friend.bogus.
                  MX      10 mail         ; Primary Mail Exchanger
                  MX      20 mail.friend.bogus. ; Secondary Mail Exchanger

  localhost       A       127.0.0.1

  gw              A       192.168.196.1
                  HINFO   "Cisco" "IOS"
                  TXT     "The router"

  ns              A       192.168.196.2
                  MX      10 mail
                  MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.
                  HINFO   "Pentium" "Linux 2.0"
  www             CNAME   ns

  donald          A       192.168.196.3
                  MX      10 mail
                  MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.
                  HINFO   "i486"      "Linux 2.0"
                  TXT     "DEK"

  mail            A       192.168.196.4
                  MX      10 mail
                  MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.
                  HINFO   "386sx" "Linux 1.2"

  ftp             A       192.168.196.5
                  MX      10 mail
                  MX      20 mail.friend.bogus.
                  HINFO   "P6" "Linux 2.1.86"
  ______________________________________________________________________

  łV RR oꂵ܂B HINFO (Host INFOmation) ɂ
  ̃f[^t܂Bꂼ "" ŊĂ̂ǂKłB
  ŏ̃f[^̓}Ṽn[hEFA CPU AԖڂ̃f[^̓\t
  gEFA OS ܂B `ns' ƂÕzXg Pentium CPU 
  ڂA Linux 2.0 Ă܂B CNAME (Canonical NAME) ͈̃}V
  ɕ̖OtłB www  ns ̕ʖɂȂ܂B

  CNAME R[h̗pɂẮAc_̗]n܂Błȉ̃
  [ĂΑvł傤B MX, CNAME, SOA ̊eR[hł
  CNAME R[hQƂĂ͂܂B A R[hQƂ
  ׂȂ̂łB

  ______________________________________________________________________
  foobar          CNAME   www                     ; NO!
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Ƃwׂ͂ł͂ȂA

  ______________________________________________________________________
  foobar          CNAME   ns                      ; Yes!
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Ƃw肪̂ƂȂ܂B

  ܂ CNAME ̓[AhXƂĐ̂ł͂ȂƎvĂ
  SłB܂L̐ݒł webmaster@www.linux.bogus ͕sȂ̂
  ̂łBȂ̂Ƃł͂܂܂񂪁Ã[
  ׂƎ咣郁[Ǘ҂͂Ȃ肽񂢂̂łB
  ͂ A R[h (邢 MX Ȃǂłł傤) p邱
  łB

  ______________________________________________________________________
  www             A       192.168.196.2
  ______________________________________________________________________

  bind ̏㋉ptB̒ɂ́A CNAME ͂ǂȏꍇɂpׂł͂Ȃ
  ƌĂl܂BłRɊւc_͂ HOWTO 
  ͈͂zĂ܂B

  ł̒ʂA HOWTO ⑽̃TCgł́Ã[͎
  ܂B

  ndc reload sĐVf[^x[X[h܂傤B
  named t@Cǂݍݒ܂B

  $ dig linux.bogus axfr

  ; <<>> DiG 8.2 <<>> linux.bogus axfr
  $ORIGIN linux.bogus.
  @                       3D IN SOA       ns hostmaster (
                                          199802151       ; serial
                                          8H              ; refresh
                                          2H              ; retry
                                          4W              ; expiry
                                          1D )            ; minimum

                          3D IN NS        ns
                          3D IN NS        ns.friend.bogus.
                          3D IN MX        10 mail
                          3D IN MX        20 mail.friend.bogus.
                          3D IN TXT       "Linux.Bogus, your DNS consultants"
  gw                      3D IN TXT       "The router"
                          3D IN HINFO     "Cisco" "IOS"
                          3D IN A         192.168.196.1
  localhost               3D IN A         127.0.0.1
  mail                    3D IN HINFO     "386sx" "Linux 1.2"
                          3D IN MX        10 mail
                          3D IN MX        20 mail.friend.bogus.
                          3D IN A         192.168.196.4
  www                     3D IN CNAME     ns
  donald                  3D IN TXT       "DEK"
                          3D IN HINFO     "i486" "Linux 2.0"
                          3D IN MX        10 mail
                          3D IN MX        20 mail.friend.bogus.
                          3D IN A         192.168.196.3
  ns                      3D IN HINFO     "Pentium" "Linux 2.0"
                          3D IN MX        10 mail
                          3D IN MX        20 mail.friend.bogus.
                          3D IN A         192.168.196.2
  ftp                     3D IN HINFO     "P6" "Linux 2.1.86"
                          3D IN MX        10 mail
                          3D IN MX        20 mail.friend.bogus.
                          3D IN A         192.168.196.5
  @                       3D IN SOA       ns hostmaster (
                                          199802151       ; serial
                                          8H              ; refresh
                                          2H              ; retry
                                          4W              ; expiry
                                          1D )            ; minimum

  ;; Received 29 answers (29 records).
  ;; FROM: lookfar to SERVER: 127.0.0.1
  ;; WHEN: Sat Dec 16 01:35:05 2000

  ܂Ă܂ˁB̒ʂA][t@Ĉ̂ƂƂĂĂ
  ܂B www ɂĂׂĂ݂܂傤B

  $ dig www.linux.bogus +pfmin
  ;; res options: init recurs defnam dnsrch
  ;; got answer:
  ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 27345
  ;; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 1
  ;; QUERY SECTION:
  ;;      www.linux.bogus, type = A, class = IN

  ;; ANSWER SECTION:
  www.linux.bogus.        3D IN CNAME     ns.linux.bogus.
  ns.linux.bogus.         3D IN A         192.168.196.2

  ܂ www.linux.bogus ̖{̖O ns.linux.bogus Ȃ킯łB
   named  ns ɂĎĂĂĂ܂BȂv
  OȂȀŐڑł͂łB

  āA܂łB

  5.3.  t][

  vÓA linux.bogus ɂ閼OAۂɐڑׂAhX
  ɕϊł悤ɂȂ킯łBłt̃][KvłB
  DNS ŃAhX𖼑Oɕϊł悤ɂ邽߂̂̂łB̖O͂
  ܂܂Ȏނ̂̃T[o (FTP, IRC, WWW ȂǂȂ) ɂāA
  Ƃ̒ʐMF߂邩A܂F߂ꍇAǂ̒x̗D搫t^邩Ȃ
  ̔fɗp܂BC^[lbgɂT[rXׂĂɃANZX
  ߂ɂ́At̃][KvɂȂ܂B

  ȉ named.conf ɋLqĂB

  ______________________________________________________________________
  zone "196.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
          notify no;
          type master;
          file "pz/192.168.196";
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

   0.0.127.in-addr.arpa Ƃ܂łBt@C̒g
  ɂȂ܂B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  $TTL 3D
  @       IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                          199802151 ; Serial, todays date + todays serial
                          8H      ; Refresh
                          2H      ; Retry
                          4W      ; Expire
                          1D)     ; Minimum TTL
                  NS      ns.linux.bogus.

  1               PTR     gw.linux.bogus.
  2               PTR     ns.linux.bogus.
  3               PTR     donald.linux.bogus.
  4               PTR     mail.linux.bogus.
  5               PTR     ftp.linux.bogus.
  ______________________________________________________________________

   named ċN (ndc restart) āAĂ dig ŒׂĂ݂܂
  B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  $ dig -x 192.168.196.4 +pfmin
  ;; res options: init recurs defnam dnsrch
  ;; got answer:
  ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 8764
  ;; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1
  ;; QUERY SECTION:
  ;;      4.196.168.192.in-addr.arpa, type = ANY, class = IN

  ;; ANSWER SECTION:
  4.196.168.192.in-addr.arpa.  3D IN PTR  mail.linux.bogus.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  AǂłˁBŜ_vĒׂĂ݂܂傤B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  dig -x 192.168.196 AXFR

  ; <<>> DiG 8.2 <<>> -x AXFR
  $ORIGIN 196.168.192.in-addr.arpa.
  @                       3D IN SOA       ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                                          199802151       ; serial
                                          8H              ; refresh
                                          2H              ; retry
                                          4W              ; expiry
                                          1D )            ; minimum

                          3D IN NS        ns.linux.bogus.
  4                       3D IN PTR       mail.linux.bogus.
  2                       3D IN PTR       ns.linux.bogus.
  5                       3D IN PTR       ftp.linux.bogus.
  3                       3D IN PTR       donald.linux.bogus.
  1                       3D IN PTR       gw.linux.bogus.
  @                       3D IN SOA       ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                                          199802151       ; serial
                                          8H              ; refresh
                                          2H              ; retry
                                          4W              ; expiry
                                          1D )            ; minimum

  ;; Received 8 answers (8 records).
  ;; FROM: lookfar to SERVER: 127.0.0.1
  ;; WHEN: Sat Dec 16 01:44:03 2000
  ______________________________________________________________________

  悳łˁÎ悤ȏo͂ɂȂȂꍇ́A syslog ɃG[
  bZ[WoĂȂĂ݂܂傤B``named N''
  ̍ŏ̃ZNVŐ܂ˁB

  5.4.  CĂق

  łtĂƂ܂BLŗp IP ԍ
  'private net' ̂̈̃ubNĂ̂łB܂肱
   IP ԍ̓C^[lbgŃpubNɗp邱Ƃ͂ł܂Bł
  炱 HOWTO ŗƂĕ\ĂSȂ킯łB̓_ notify no;
  ̍słB named ɑ΂āAu][t@ĈǂꂩXV
  AZJ_ (X[u) T[oɓ`ȂvƂw邱
  ɂȂ܂B bind-8  named ́A][t@C NS R[hɃXg
  Ă鑼̃T[oɁA][̍XVm点邱Ƃł܂B͒
  ͕֗ȋ@\łAvCx[gȎł͂̋@\ off ɂĂ
  ܂傤B̎ɂăC^[lbgɖf͂Ȃł
  H

  ĂÃhC͉ˋ̂Ȃ̂ŁAgĂA
  hXˋ̂̂łB̐EŗpĂ{̗́A
  ̏͂ĉB

  5.5.  Ȃt삵Ȃ̂

  ÕVXeɂ́AƂuł̈v
  Bʏ킱炪\ɏoĂ邱Ƃ͂܂񂪁At][̐ݒł
  ǂڂɂ邱Ƃ܂Bȍ~ǂݐi߂Oɂ́AȂ
  ̃}VuȂ̃l[T[ovtł邱ƂmFĂ
  BłȂꍇ͖߂Ă蒼ĂɂĂB

  ł́AtOlbg[N猩ꍇɐ₷̖_
  ɂċc_܂B

  5.5.1.  t][㗝Ȃ

  T[rXvoC_lbg[NAhXԂƃhCl[炤
  Ƃɂ́Aʏ킻̃hCl[͑㗝 (delegation) ܂B㗝Ƃ
  n̖ڂ NS R[ĥƂŁAl[T[oʂ̃l[
  T[o擾Ƃɗp܂B ``ދȗ_'' ̐߂Ő܂
  Bǂł܂AˁHt][삵ĂȂꍇ́A߂
  ǂłB

  t][ɂ㗝KvłBႦ 192.168.196 ̃lbg[N
  linux.bogus hCƈꏏɃvoC_ƂAvoC_
  ɂ NS R[h𐳈][łȂt][ɂĂ炤K
  v܂B in-addr.arpa 炠Ȃ̃lbg[N܂ł̌qH
  ĂƁA炭ǂō̗ւ؂Ă邱Ƃł傤Bڑ
  T[rXvoC_ŁBu؂ĂցvtAT[rXv
  oC_ɘAăG[CĂ炢܂傤B

  5.5.2.  NXX (classless) ̃Tulbgꍇ

  ͂⍂xȘbɂȂ܂BNXX̃Tulbg͍ŋߔ
  ɗǂg悤ɂȂĂ̂ŁAȉЂɏĂlȂA
  炭g߂ɂł傤B

  ŋ߂̃C^[lbgȂƂێłĂ̂́A̓NXXTu
  lbĝȂ̂łBNO IP ԍ̌͊ɂĂƂ
  ɂȂƂ܂B̎ IETF (Internet Engineering Task
  Force: C^[lbgƓĂ͔̂ނ̂Ȃ̂ł) 
  ĺAނ̉bqW߂Ă̖̂łB
  ̑ΉāB̑ΉƂ́A``C'' ̃TulbggȂ΂Ȃ
  ȂƁAē삵ȂȂ̂oĂ邱ƁAłB̂Ɋ
  ƁÄɊւẮA Ask Mr. DNS
  <http://www.acmebw.com/askmrdns/00007.htm> ɂDꂽĂ
  B

  ǂ݂܂Hł͐܂񂩂AƓǂłˁB

  ̖̔́Aڑ ISP  Mr. DNS ɏĂeNjbN
  ĂȂ΂ȂȂAƂƂɂ܂B ISP ł́A
  m炸ɓĂƂł傤B̏ꍇ́AȂނ
  ɂ܂񋭂ĂȂ΂܂BɁA܂Ȃ
  Ƃ܂ ;-) ĂꂽAƂƂt][
  ݒ肵Ăł傤B dig gĐǂm߂܂傤B

  ̎c蔼́AȂ̃eNjbN𗝉Ȃ΂ȂȂAƂ
  ƂłBMȂ΁Axǂ݂ɂ܂傤B Mr.
  DNS ̐ɂāÃNXXt][ݒ肵܂傤B

  ͂ɂ͂gbv҂\Ă܂BÂ]óAO
  ̃`F[̒ɒuꂽ CNAME gbN̕ǂ邱Ƃł
  AȂ̃}V̋tɎsĂ܂Ƃ܂B̌ʁA
  ̃]o͐ȂANZXNXԂAANZXۂA
  ƂɂȂ悤ȂƂɂȂ܂B̖ɈĂ܂A
  (̒m邩ł) ڑ ISP ɗނ܂BgbNg
  NXX][t@CɁA CNAME ̑ɂȂ PTR R[h
  ڏł炤ƂɂȂ܂B

  ISP ɂĂ͕ʂ̉@񋟂Ă邱Ƃ܂BƂ Web x[
  X form ɂċt̃}bv͂ł悤ɂȂĂƂA
  ͎悤ȑS^o^VXeƂB

  5.6.  X[uT[o

  }X^[T[oŃ][ݒłAȂƂ 1 ̃X[u
  T[oKvɂȂ܂BX[uT[o̓VXeSɂ邽߂ɕKv
  Ȃ̂łB}X^[ĂAlbgɂO̐lAX[u炠
  Ȃ̃hCɊւ擾ł悤ɂȂ̂łBX[úA
  Ȃ̂Ƃ납ł邾ꂽƂɒu܂B}X^[ƃX[
  úAd͋ELANEISPEEAȂǂAł苤LĂȂ
  Ƃ]܂̂łB炪ׂă}X^[ƈقȂĂX[u
  A͔ɗǂX[uƌ܂B

  X[úAPɃ}X^[][t@CRs[l[T[o
  Bȉ̂悤ɐݒ肵܂B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  zone "linux.bogus" {
          type slave;
          file "sz/linux.bogus";
          masters { 192.168.196.2; };
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  f[^̃Rs[ɂ̓][]Ƃdg݂p܂B][] SOA
  R[hŐ䂵܂B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  @       IN      SOA     ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
                          199802151       ; serial, todays date + todays serial #
                          8H              ; refresh, seconds
                          2H              ; retry, seconds
                          4W              ; expire, seconds
                          1D )            ; minimum, seconds
  ______________________________________________________________________

  }X^[̃VAԍX[u傫ƂɌă][]
  ܂BtbV (refresh) ԂɈ񂸂AX[u̓}X^[X
  VĂȂǂ`FbN܂B`FbNłȂ (}X^[ɐڑ
  łȂ) ƁAX[u̓gC (retry) ԂɈ񂸂Đڑ݂
  B؂ (expire) Ԃo߂Ăsꍇ́AX[u͂
  ̃][t@CVXe폜Aȏ̓][̒񋟂s
  ȂȂ܂B

  6.  {IȃZLeBIvV

  By Jamie Norrish

  邽߂̃IvVݒ

  ȒPȍƂs΁AT[oSɂłA܂T[oׂ̕
  ጸł܂BŏЉe͏o_ɉ߂܂BZLeB̂
  ƂlȂ (lׂł)Albgɂ鑼̃\[Xɂ
   (``Ō̏'')B

  ȉ̎w named.conf ɍs܂B̎w̃t@C
  options ̓ɏƁÃt@CŃXgꂽׂẴ][ɓKp
  ܂B zone Gg̓ɏƁÃ][ɓKp
  ܂B zone ɏꂽGg options ɏꂽGg
  D悳܂B

  6.1.  ][]̐

  X[uT[ohCɑ΂⍇킹ɉɂ́AvC}T[o
  ][̏]ĂKv܂BX[uT[oȊO
  ̃zXgɂ́A̓]̕Kv͂Ȃ͂łBł][]
  allow-transfer IvVgĐ܂傤BႦ
  ns.friend.bogus  IP AhXł 192.168.1.4 ƁAꂩfobO
  p̎gǉȂ:

  ______________________________________________________________________
  zone "linux.bogus" {
        allow-transfer { 192.168.1.4; localhost; };
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ][]𐧌΁AO̐lX猩̂́Aނ炪ڐq˂zX
  gɊւeɌ܂B DNS ݒ̏ڍבŜ⍇킹邱Ƃ
  łȂȂ̂łB

  6.2.  sp

  ܂Albg[Nƃ[J̃}V̂̂̂AȂ̊
  hCȊOւ̖⍇킹͋֎~܂傤B́AӂĂ
  Ȃ DNS T[o𗘗p悤Ƃ鎎݂֎~邾łȂA{sK
  vȖ⍇킹炵܂B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  options {
        allow-query { 192.168.196.0/24; localhost; };
  };

  zone "linux.bogus" {
        allow-query { any; };
  };

  zone "196.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
        allow-query { any; };
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ɓ/[Ĵ̂AċAIȖ⍇킹֎~܂B
  ɂLbVU (cache poisoning attack: Ԉf[^T
  [oɑ邱) ̊댯点܂B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  options {
          allow-recursion { 192.168.196.0/24; localhost; };
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  6.3.  named  root ȊOŎs

  named  root ȊOŝ͗ǂlłBjꂽƂɁANb
  J[ɒD錠炷Ƃo܂B܂ named 𓮍삳
  [UƃO[vA named NĂ init XNvgC
  ܂BV[UƃO[vA named  -u tO -g
  tOɎw肵܂B

  Ⴆ Debian GNU/Linux 2.2 ȂA /etc/init.d/bind XNvgȉ
  ŝ悤ɏC܂ ([U namedAO[v named ͂炩ߍ쐬
  Ă܂):

  ______________________________________________________________________
  start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --exec /usr/sbin/named -- -u named -g named
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Red Hat ⑼̃fBXgr[Vłlɂł͂łB Dave
  Lugo ́A chroot pZLAȐݒ
  <http://www.etherboy.com/dns/chrootdns.html> ŉĂ܂B
  ǎ҂ł傤B

  7.  ۂ̃hC̗

  ۂɗpĂ][t@C̗

  `[gA̗ႾłȂۂɓ삵Ăڂė~AƂ
  ӌ̂ŁȀ݂͂܂B

  ̗ LAND-5  David Bullock ̋̉ɗpĂ܂B
  t@ĆA 1996 N 9  24 ݂̂̂A bind 8 ̐Ɗg
  ɂ킹ĕҏŴłBĂł̋Lq́Aۂ LAND-5 
  l[T[oɖ₢킹sʂƂ͑قȂ܂B

  7.1.  /etc/named.conf (܂ /var/named/named.conf)

  }X^[][ZNVƂāAK{̋t][Ă
  B 127.0.0 ̃lbg LAND-5 ̃Tulbgł 206.6.177 łB
  LAND-5 ̐][ł land-5.com vC}ƂĎw肳Ă
  ܂B][t@C͖{ HOWTO ̂܂ł̗ŗpĂ pz ł͂
  A zone ƂfBNgɎ߂Ă邱ƂɂӂĂB

  ______________________________________________________________________
  // Boot file for LAND-5 name server

  options {
          directory "/var/named";
  };

  zone "." {
          type hint;
          file "root.hints";
  };

  zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {
          type master;
          file "zone/127.0.0";
  };

  zone "land-5.com" {
          type master;
          file "zone/land-5.com";
  };

  zone "177.6.206.in-addr.arpa" {
          type master;
          file "zone/206.6.177";
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ̃t@CȂ named.conf t@CɗpƂɂ́AK
  ``notify no;''  land-5 ̓ zone ZNVɒǉāÂN
  Ȃ悤ɂĂB

  7.2.  /var/named/root.hints

  ̃t@C͓Iɕω̂łÃXg͌ÂłB dig
  gĐV̂g܂傤B͎̃ZNVŐ
  Ă܂B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ; <<>> DiG 8.1 <<>> @A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  ; (1 server found)
  ;; res options: init recurs defnam dnsrch
  ;; got answer:
  ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 10
  ;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 13, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 13
  ;; QUERY SECTION:
  ;;      ., type = NS, class = IN

  ;; ANSWER SECTION:
  .                     6D IN NS        G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
  .                     6D IN NS        F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.

  ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
  G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    192.112.36.4
  J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    198.41.0.10
  K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    193.0.14.129
  L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    198.32.64.12
  M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    202.12.27.33
  A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    198.41.0.4
  H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    128.63.2.53
  B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    128.9.0.107
  C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    192.33.4.12
  D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    128.8.10.90
  E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    192.203.230.10
  I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    192.36.148.17
  F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     5w6d16h IN A    192.5.5.241

  ;; Total query time: 215 msec
  ;; FROM: roke.uio.no to SERVER: A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.  198.41.0.4
  ;; WHEN: Sun Feb 15 01:22:51 1998
  ;; MSG SIZE  sent: 17  rcvd: 436
  ______________________________________________________________________

  7.3.  /var/named/zone/127.0.0

  ɃVvȂ̂łB܂΂ɕKv SOA R[hA
  127.0.0.1  localhost Ƀ}bv郌R[hłB͗ƂK{
  łBtɂȏ̂̂͒uׂł͂܂B̃t@ĆAg
  Ăl[T[o hostmaster ̃[AhXύXȂAX
  VKv͂炭Ȃł傤B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  @               IN      SOA     land-5.com. root.land-5.com. (
                                  199609203       ; Serial
                                  28800   ; Refresh
                                  7200    ; Retry
                                  604800  ; Expire
                                  86400)  ; Minimum TTL
                          NS      land-5.com.

  1                       PTR     localhost.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  KɃCXg[ꂽ BIND ł́Ał̗̂悤 $TTL ̍sȂ
  ܂B̍s͈ȑO͗pĂ炸A8.2  BIND N
  ɂ̍s|̌xo܂B̂߂́A$TTL s][
  t@CA̓xƂ $TTL AłB

  7.4.  /var/named/zone/land-5.com

  ܂K{ł SOA R[hƁAK{ NS R[h܂BZ
  J_̃l[T[o ns2.psi.net ɗpӂĂ邱Ƃ킩܂
  ˁB͖]܂ݒłBKTCg̊OɃobNAbṽZJ_l
  [T[ouׂłB}X^[̃zXg land-5 ŁÃzXg͓
  ɊẽC^[lbgT[rX񋟂Ă邱Ƃ킩܂B
   (A R[hłȂ) CNAME pĂ܂B

  SOA R[h킩悤ɁÃ][t@C land-5.com 
  origin ɂĂAAS҂ root@land-5.com łB hostmaster S
  ҂̃AhXƂėǂp܂BVAԍ yyyymmdd `ŁA
  ̓̂̃VAԍǉĂ܂B͂ 1996 N 9
   20 ̑ 6 łȂ̂ł傤BVAԍ͕KȂ΂Ȃ
  ƂvoĂBɂ͓̃VAԍƂĈꌅ
  gƂł܂B 9 ύXsA̕ύXs
  ͗܂ő҂Ȃ΂Ȃ܂B񌅎gǂ܂ˁB

  ______________________________________________________________________
  @       IN      SOA     land-5.com. root.land-5.com. (
                          199609206       ; serial, todays date + todays serial #
                          8H              ; refresh, seconds
                          2H              ; retry, seconds
                          4W              ; expire, seconds
                          1D )            ; minimum, seconds
                  NS      land-5.com.
                  NS      ns2.psi.net.
                  MX      10 land-5.com.  ; Primary Mail Exchanger
                  TXT     "LAND-5 Corporation"

  localhost       A       127.0.0.1

  router          A       206.6.177.1

  land-5.com.     A       206.6.177.2
  ns              A       206.6.177.3
  www             A       207.159.141.192

  ftp             CNAME   land-5.com.
  mail            CNAME   land-5.com.
  news            CNAME   land-5.com.

  funn            A       206.6.177.2

  ;
  ;       Workstations
  ;
  ws-177200       A       206.6.177.200
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177201       A       206.6.177.201
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177202       A       206.6.177.202
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177203       A       206.6.177.203
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177204       A       206.6.177.204
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177205       A       206.6.177.205
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ; {Many repetitive definitions deleted - SNIP}
  ws-177250       A       206.6.177.250
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177251       A       206.6.177.251
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177252       A       206.6.177.252
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177253       A       206.6.177.253
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ws-177254       A       206.6.177.254
                  MX      10 land-5.com.   ; Primary Mail Host
  ______________________________________________________________________

  land-5 ̃l[T[oĂ݂΂킩܂A{̃zXg
  ws_number ƂȂĂ܂Bŋ߂̔ł bind 4  named ł́AzXg
  p邱Ƃ̂ł镶悤ɂȂ܂BĂ̖O
   bind-8 ł͐΂ɓ삵܂񂩂A HOWTO Ɍfڂۂɂ '_'
  (underline)  '-' (dash) Œu܂B

  C܂He[NXe[Vɂ͌ŕʂ̖O͕tĂ
  炸AvtBbNX IP ԍ̍Ō̓t`ɂȂĂ܂B
  ̂悤Ȗ@p΃eiX͂ƂĂyɂȂ܂Al
  ԂƂ͈̑̂ŁAڋqCC錋ʂɂȂĂ܂
  B

  funn.land-5.com  land-5.com ̃GCAXɂȂĂ܂A
  CNAME R[hł͂Ȃ A R[hpĂ܂Bɏqׂ悤ɁA
  ͗ǂjłB

  7.5.  /var/named/zone/206.6.177

  ̃t@CɂĂ͌ŃRg܂B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  @               IN      SOA     land-5.com. root.land-5.com. (
                                  199609206       ; Serial
                                  28800   ; Refresh
                                  7200    ; Retry
                                  604800  ; Expire
                                  86400)  ; Minimum TTL
                          NS      land-5.com.
                          NS      ns2.psi.net.
  ;
  ;       Servers
  ;
  1       PTR     router.land-5.com.
  2       PTR     land-5.com.
  2       PTR     funn.land-5.com.
  ;
  ;       Workstations
  ;
  200     PTR     ws-177200.land-5.com.
  201     PTR     ws-177201.land-5.com.
  202     PTR     ws-177202.land-5.com.
  203     PTR     ws-177203.land-5.com.
  204     PTR     ws-177204.land-5.com.
  205     PTR     ws-177205.land-5.com.
  ; {Many repetitive definitions deleted - SNIP}
  250     PTR     ws-177250.land-5.com.
  251     PTR     ws-177251.land-5.com.
  252     PTR     ws-177252.land-5.com.
  253     PTR     ws-177253.land-5.com.
  254     PTR     ws-177254.land-5.com.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  t̃][́Aݒ̒ł̔ߌNƌ܂B
  ̓}V IP ԍ킩ĂꍇɁAzXg擾邽߂ɗp
  ܂BႦ΁AȂĂĂ IRC T[o IRC NCAg
  ڑꂽƂ܂傤BȂ IRC T[oł̓mEF[ꂪg
  Ă̂ŁAmEF[Ƒ̃XJWirA̍XȊO̐ڑ͂
  ȂƂ܂BNCAgڑƁA C Cuɂ
  ĐڑĂ}V IP ԍm邱Ƃł܂BȂȂNCA
  g IP ԍ́Albg[N^΂Ă IP pPbĝꂼɏ
  ܂Ă邩łB gethostbyaddr Ƃ֐Ăׂ΁A IP 
  zXg̖OƂł܂B gethostbyaddr  DNS T[o
  qˁA DNS T[o DNS 炻̃}VT܂BڑĂNCA
  g ws-177200.land-5.com ƂĂ݂܂傤B C Cu
  IRC T[oɓn IP ԍ 206.6.177.200 ƂȂ܂BĖO
  ߂ɂ 200.177.6.206.in-addr.arpa Kv܂B DNS
  T[o͂܂ arpa. ̃T[oɖ₢킹A in-addr.arpa. ̃T[o
  Ă炢܂B 206, 6 tɒHāAŌ Land-5 ̃][
  ł 177.6.206.in-addr.arpa ][𔭌܂BŌɃT[óA
   200.177.6.206.in-addr.arpa ɑ΂铚肵܂B ``PTR
  ws-177200.land-5.com'' R[hA 206.6.177.200 
  ws-177200.land-5.com ł邱Ƃ킩܂BȂȏ̐ɂ́A
  prep.ai.mit.edu ̖O̕Ɠ悤ɏXtBNVĂ
  ܂B

  IRC T[o̗ɖ߂܂傤B IRC T[o̓XJWirA̍XA
  ܂ *.no, *.se, *.dk 炵ڑ󂯕t܂B
  ws-177200.land-5.com ͖炩Ɉȏ̂ǂɂ}b`܂񂩂AT[
  o͐ڑۂ܂B 206.2.177.200 ɑ΂t}bv
  in-addr.arpa ][ɑ݂Ȃ΁AT[o͌ĖO邱
  ł܂񂩂A 206.2.177.200 ̂̂ *.no, *.se, *.dk Ɣr
  ܂B}b`킯܂B

  t}bvdvȂ̂̓T[oAƂlAt}bv
  ȂđSR厖Ȃ񂾁AȂĂl邩܂B͊
  ႢłB ftp, news, IRC T[oł͋t̂łȂ}V
  ڑۂ܂ (WWW T[oɂۂ̂܂)Bł}
  V̋t}bv͎̂Ƃ͕K{Ȃ̂łB

  8.  eiX

  ێ邽߂

  named ɂ́A点ȊOɂێƂ܂B root.hints
  t@CŐV̏ԂɕۂƂłBԊȒPȂ̂ dig g
  B܂Ȃ dig 𓮂ƁA݃T[oŎgĂ root.hints
  ̓e\܂BɃXgĂ郋[gT[ôꂩɑ΂
   dig @rootserver ̂悤ɖ₢킹s܂Bo͌ʂ root.hints
  ̓eɂƂĂ悭Ă͂łB̌ʂ dig @e.root-servers.net
  . ns > root.cache.new ̂悤ɕۑāAÂ root.hints ƒu
  B

  LbVt@Cւɂ named ̍ĎsYȂB

  Al Longyear XNvg𑗂Ă܂BI root.hints XV
  Ă̂łBɈxN crontab ̃GgCX
  g[΁A͑S܂łBXNvgł́A[Ɠ
  삵ĂāA[GCAXƂ `hostmaster' `Ă邱Ƃ
  OƂĂ܂BȂ̐ݒɂ킹ănbNKv܂B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  #!/bin/sh
  #
  # Update the nameserver cache information file once per month.
  # This is run automatically by a cron entry.
  #
  # Original by Al Longyear
  # Updated for BIND 8 by Nicolai Langfeldt
  # Miscelanious error-conditions reported by David A. Ranch
  # Ping test suggested by Martin Foster
  # named up-test suggested by Erik Bryer.
  #
  (
   echo "To: hostmaster <hostmaster>"
   echo "From: system <root>"

   # Is named up? Check the status of named.
   case `ndc status 2>&1` in
      *'cannot connect to command channel'*)
          echo "named is DOWN. root.hints was NOT updated"
          echo
          exit 0
          ;;
   esac

   PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:
   export PATH
   # NOTE: /var/named must be writable only by trusted users or this script
   # will cause root compromise/denial of service opportunities.
   cd /var/named 2>/dev/null || {
      echo "Subject: Cannot cd to /var/named, error $?"
      echo
      echo "The subject says it all"
      exit 1
   }

   # Are we online?  Ping a server at your ISP
   case `ping -qnc 1 some.machine.net 2>&1` in
     *'100% packet loss'*)
          echo "Subject: root.hints NOT updated.  The network is DOWN."
          echo
          echo "The subject says it all"
          exit 1
          ;;
   esac

   dig @e.root-servers.net . ns >root.hints.new 2> errors

   case `cat root.hints.new` in
     *NOERROR*)
          # It worked
          :;;
     *)
          echo "Subject: The root.hints file update has FAILED."
          echo
          echo "The root.hints update has failed"
          echo "This is the dig output reported:"
          echo
          cat root.hints.new errors
          exit 1
          ;;
   esac

   echo "Subject: The root.hints file has been updated"
   echo
   echo "The root.hints file has been updated to contain the following
  information:"
   echo
   cat root.hints.new

   chown root.root root.hints.new
   chmod 444 root.hints.new
   rm -f root.hints.old errors
   mv root.hints root.hints.old
   mv root.hints.new root.hints
   ndc restart
   echo
   echo "The nameserver has been restarted to ensure that the update is complete."
   echo "The previous root.hints file is now called
  /var/named/root.hints.old."
  ) 2>&1 | /usr/lib/sendmail -t
  exit 0
  ______________________________________________________________________

  root.hints  Internic  ftp łłAƌƂłɂ
  ̕邩܂Bł root.hints ̍XV ftp ͎gȂ
  悤ɂĂBL̕@̂قAƁulbg ( Internic)
  ɗDv̂łB

  9.  o[W 4 o[W 8 ɍXV

  ̏͂͂Ƃ David E. Smith (dave@bureau42.ml.org) A BIND
  8 ̗pɊւ͂łBV̖͂OɑΉ悤ɁAXҏW
  B

  ͂܂肽Ƃ͂܂B named.boot ̑ named.conf
  p邱Ƃ΁AׂĂ܂łB bind8 ɂ perl XN
  vgtĂāAÂX^C̃t@CV̂ɕϊĂ
  BȉALbVp̃l[T[oɑ΂ (Â`) named.boot
  ܂B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  directory /var/named
  cache   .                                     root.hints
  primary 0.0.127.IN-ADDR.ARPA                    127.0.0.zone
  primary localhost                               localhost.zone
  ______________________________________________________________________

  bind8/src/bin/named fBNgŁAR}hCȉ̂悤ɓ
  ܂ (Ғ: ̓\[Xzz̏ꍇłBoCipbP[Wɂ́A
  XNvg͓ĂȂ܂B̏ꍇǂ肷΂
  ͂Ƃ킩܂)B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  ./named-bootconf.pl < named.boot > named.conf
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ȉ̂悤 named.conf ł͂łB

  ______________________________________________________________________
  // generated by named-bootconf.pl

  options {
          directory "/var/named";
  };

  zone "." {
          type hint;
          file "root.hints";
  };

  zone "0.0.127.IN-ADDR.ARPA" {
          type master;
          file "127.0.0.zone";
  };

  zone "localhost" {
          type master;
          file "localhost.zone";
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

   named.boot t@Cłׂ̓Ď󂯌pł͂łB
   bind8 ŐVɊgꂽݒIvVׂĒǉ킯ł͂
  ܂BȉɁA邪IɂȂĂ named.conf ̊
  Sȗ܂B

  ______________________________________________________________________
  // This is a configuration file for named (from BIND 8.1 or later).
  // It would normally be installed as /etc/named.conf.
  // The only change made from the `stock' named.conf (aside from this
  // comment :) is that the directory line was uncommented, since I
  // already had the zone files in /var/named.

  options {
          directory "/var/named";
          datasize 20M;
  };

  zone "localhost" IN {
          type master;
          file "localhost.zone";
  };

  zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {
          type master;
          file "127.0.0.zone";
  };

  zone "." IN {
          type hint;
          file "root.hints";
  };
  ______________________________________________________________________

  BIND 8 fBXgr[V bind8/src/bin/named/test fBNg
  ɁAƓ̂][t@C̐`ƈꏏɒuĂ܂BقƂ
  ǂ̐l͂Rs[邾łɎg͂łB
  ][t@C root.hints t@C̏͂܂łB
  XVR}hłB

  10.  Q & A

  Ƀ[OɁA܂̏͂ǂłB

  1.  named ł named.boot t@CKvƌ܂

     ǂł HOWTO ԈĂ܂B HOWTO ̌Âłł bind 4
     ̂ƂĂ܂̂ŁAǂłB
     <http://www.math.uio.no/~janl/DNS/> ɂ܂B

  2. t@CAEH[̒ DNS gɂ́H

     qgB forward only;

     ___________________________________________________________________
       query-source port 53;

     ___________________________________________________________________

   named.conf t@C ``options'' ̕ɕKvɂȂł傤B
  ``LbVp̃l[T[o'' ̐߂ɂłƐG܂ˁB

  3. DNS ɂāAT[rXɑ΂AhXJɂ܂킷 (round-
     robin ) ɂ͂ǂΗǂłH܂Ⴆ www.busy.site 
     ΂镉ׂ𕪎U悤ɂɂ͂ǂΗǂł傤B

     www.busy.site ɑ΂ A R[h𕡐pӂāA 4.9.3 ȍ~ BIND
     p܂傤B BIND ͉񓚂 round-robin Ă܂BÂł
     BIND ł́A͓삵܂B

  4. (N[Y) Cglbg DNS ĝłBǂΗǂ
     łH

     root.hints t@CgȂ悤ɂāA][t@Cg
     傤B root.hints t@CXVKvȂ킯łB

  5. net ؒfĂƂɂ BIND 𓮍삳Ăł

     Ɋ֘AL 4 Љ܂傤B

     o  BIND 8 ɓ Adam L Rice dq[ŋĂ
        B_CAAbṽ}V DNS Ԃɓ삳
        @łB

     ́Aŋ߂̃o[W BIND ł́A [Ғ: t@C؂
     ւ] sKvł邱ƂɋC܂B "forwarders"
     w̑"forward" w肪\ɂȂĂāA҂őO҂̎g
     ł悤ɂȂĂłBftHg̐ݒ
     "forward first" ŁA ŏɂꂼ forwarders ɖ₢킹sA
     sꍇɂ͂߂Ďgŕݒn߂܂Bꂪ
     C؂Ă鎞 gethostbyname() ɂ₽ƎԂ
     ܂AȂ݂̐U镑łB "forward only" ݒ肵
     ƁA BIND  forwarders 甽AĂȂƂ
     ߂܂B gethostbyname() ₩ɕԂĂ
     ƂɂȂ܂BłZIg /etc ̃t@C؂ւA
     T[oċNKv͂Ȃ̂łB

     ̏ꍇł́Aȉ̍s named.conf t@C options { }
     ZNVɒǉ邾łB

     forward only;
     forwarders { 193.133.58.5; };

     ƂĂ܂삵Ă܂B̕@̂̌_́A
     ꂽ DNS \tgEFAALbV삾Ȃ
     P@\ȃ\tgɂĂ܂AƂƂłB DNS LbV
     \tgΎ͎͂głǁA
     Linux ł͂̂悤ȃ\tg͂Ȃ݂łˁB

     o  ȉ̋L Ian Clard <ic@deakin.edu.au> [
        Bނ̂ĂĂ܂B

          IP }XJ[hĂ茳̃}V named 𑖂点Ă܂B
          root.hints t@Cpӂ܂B root.hints.real ŁA
          { root T[o̖OĂ܂B
          root.hints.fake ŁA̓e...

          ----
          ; root.hints.fake
          ; this file contains no information
          ----

          łBؒfƂɂ root.hints.fake t@C root.hints 
          Rs[ named ċN܂B

          ڑƂɂ root.hints.real t@C root.hints ɃRs[
           named ċN܂B

           ip-down  ip-up łꂼꎩsĂ܂B

          ItC̎ɃhCɑ΂₢킹sƁAnamed 
          ɕtĒm܂񂩂Aȉ̂悤ȃGg messages 
          o͂܂B

          Jan 28 20:10:11 hazchem named[10147]: No root nameserver for class IN

          ͋CɂȂĂ܂܂B

          ̂Ƃł͂őSȂ삵Ă܂Blbgؒf
          ĂƂ́A[J}Ṽl[T[oÕhC
          ΂^CAEg̑҂ԂȂŎg܂AڑĂƂ
          ɂ͊ÕhCɑ΂₢킹𕁒ʂɍsƂłĂ܂B

     APeter Denison  Ian ̂܂[łȂƋĂ
     Bނ̃bZ[Wɂ:

          IC) LbVꂽGg (ƃ[Jlbg̃Gg) 
                        ɒ񋟂BLbVĂȂGgɂẮA
                         ISP ̃l[T[oɃtH[hB
          ItC) [Jlbg[N֘A̖⍇킹͂ɒ񋟂B
                        ̖̑⍇킹ɂĂ **** sB

          root LbVt@C̕ύXƁA⍇킹̃tH[hƂ̑gݍ킹
          ܂삵܂B

          ŁA͓ named  (n LUG ŋc_Ȃ) ȉ̂悤
          ݒ肵܂B

          named-online:   ISP ̃l[T[oփtH[h
                          localnet ][̃}X^[
                          localnet ̋t][ (1.168.192.in-addr.arpa) ̃}X^[
                          0.0.127.in-addr.arpa ̃}X^[
                          |[g 60053 őҋ@

          named-offline:  tH[hsȂ
                          root LbVt@Ćuɂ́vɂ
                          3 ̃[J][̃X[u (}X^[ 127.0.0.1:60053)
                          |[g 61053 őҋ@

          Ă|[gtH[hƑgݍ킹A|[g 53 ItC̎ɂ
          61053 ɁAIC̎ɂ 60053 ɃtH[h܂ ( 2.3.18 
          V netfilter pbP[Wg܂AȑO (ipchains) ̋@\ł
          삷͂łB

          ̓}V̊O̖⍇킹ɂ͓삵܂B BIND 8.2 ɂ
          ȃoOāAX[u}X^[Ɠ IP AhXł (|[g
          قȂĂ) ɓłȂł (J҂ɂ͒m点܂)B
          炩ȃpb`Ȃ̂ŁA炭ɒł傤B

     o  ؒfĂ鎞Ԃ̒}VɂāA BIND  NFS |[g
        }bpƂǂ̂悤ɑݍp̂Ɋւ܂B
        Karl-Max Wanger łB

     C^[lbgɑ΂ăfoRł܂ɂڑȂ}Vɂ́A
     ׂ͂ named 𑖂点Ă܂Bl[T[o̓LbV
     Ă̂ݓ삵A authority  zone ͕ۗLAׂĂ
     root.cache t@Cɏꂽl[T[oɖ₢킹ɍsݒ
     Ă܂B Slackware ̗Vɏ]Anamed  nfsd  mountd 
     OɋNĂ܂B

     }V̂̈ (Libretto 30 notebook) ŁA肪N܂B
     ̃[J LAN ɂȂĂ鑼̃}VÃ}V
     mount łȂȂĂ܂̂ł (܂ɂł鎞܂)B
     ͐ڑ`ɈˑA PLIP ł PCMCIA ̃C[TlbgJ[hłA
     VAoR PPP ł悤ɋN܂B

     ΂炭ƍl@sAȉ̂悤Ȍ_ɒB܂B
     nfsd  mountd N portmapper ɑ΂čso^
     (͂̃f[Aʏʂu[gɃX^[gĂ܂)
     A named ͂߂߂ɂĂ܂̂łB named ̋N
     nfsd  mountd ̂Ƃɍs悤ɂƂA̖͊S
     ܂B

     u[g̏̂悤ɕύX邱Ƃɂs͂܂܂
     AݓIȖ邽߂ɁÂ悤ɂ邱ƂׂĂ
     FɂE߂Ǝv܂B

     o  ŌɁB̌Ɋւ HOWTO  Ask Mr. DNS
        <http://www.acmebw.com/askmrdns/#linux-dialup> ɂ܂B
         bind 4 ΏۂɂĂ܂̂ŁAeKX bind 8 ɓǂݑ
        Kv܂B

  6. LbVl[T[o͂ǂɃLbVۑẮHLb
     ṼTCY͐ł܂H

     LbVׂ͂ăɕۊǂĂ܂BfBXNɏ܂
     Ƃ͂܂܂B named  kill ƁALbV
     ܂BLbVRg[@͂܂B named ̃Lb
     VǗ͒Pȃ[ɏ]Ă邩łBLbV̂̂A
     邢̓LbṼTCYAǂȗRRg[邱
     ͂ł܂B̓_uCv named nbNĂǂ
     傤B߂͂ł܂񂪁B

  7. named ͍ċNƂɃLbVۑĂ܂Hۑ
     悤ɂł܂H

     A named ͏IɃLbVۑ܂B܂ named 
     kill čċN邽тɁALbV̓[č\܂B
     LbVt@Cɕۑ悤 named Ɏw@͂Ȃ̂
     B̓_uCv named nbNĂǂł傤B
     ߂͂ł܂񂪁B

  8. hCɓɂ͂ǂ΂łH (Ⴆ) linux-
     rules.net ƂhC𗧂グ̂łÃhC
     ĂĂ炤ɂ͂ǂ΂̂ł傤B

     lbg[NT[rXvoC_ɘAĂ݂΁A炭Ă
     ł傤BȂÊقƂǂ̒nł́AhC̓ɂ͂
     Kvł͂ł̂ŔÔ߁B
  9. DNS T[oSɂɂ͂ǂ΂ł傤H split DNS ̐ݒ
     ̂́H

     ƂxȘbɂȂ܂B
     <http://www.etherboy.com/dns/chrootdns.html> ŎグĂ
     B̘b́Aȏケł͈܂B

  11.  n DNS Ǘ҂ɂȂ邽߂

  ƃc[

  肵Ƒ݂Ă܂BIĈ̂ƈ
  ̂Ƃꂼꂠ܂B DNS Ǘ҂n DNS Ǘ҂ɂ
  邽߂̃Xebv𓥂ނɂ́A̒̂ǂނƂKvłB
  ꂽЂƂẮÂ The Concise Guide to DNS and BIND
  (by Nicolai Langfeldt, Que, ISDN 0-7897-2273-9) ܂B̖{͂
   HOWTO ƁAƂĂĂ܂BڍׂɁAĂ蕝Lb
  񈵂Ă܂BȂƂĂAX^_[h DNS and
  BIND (by C. Liu and P. Albitz, O'Reilly & Associates, Sebastopol, CA,
  ISBN 0-937175-82-X) ł傤Bɂꂽ{łB 3 ł
  BIND8  BIND 4 𗼕Jo[Ă܂̂ŁA𔃂܂傤B
   O'Reilly  TCP/IP Network Administration (Craig Hunt, ISBN
  0-937175-82-X) ɂ DNS ̏͂܂Bǂ DNS (₻̑) Ǘ҂
  Ȃ邽߂ɂ Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance (Robert M.
  Prisig :-), ISBN 0688052304) K{ł傤Bɂ܂邩
  B

  : IC[̓ɂ͖{܂Bꂼ DNS & BIND 3
  (IC[EWp, ISBN4-900900-91-5)A TCP/IP lbg[NǗ
  (I[, ISBN4-900718-01-7) łB

  ICł DNS Resources Directory <http://www.dns.net/dnsrd> 
  <http://www.isc.org/bind.html> ł낢댩܂B FAQAt@
  X}jA (BOG; Bind Operations Guide)Aɂ_vgR`
   DNS ̎nbN܂BLAȉɎ RFC ̂قƂ
  ́Abind ̔zz̒Ɋ܂܂Ă܂B͂̂ǂł
  ܂̂ŁAKn DNS Ǘ҂Ƃ킯ł܂B Arnt
  Gulbrandsen  BOG łɓǂłAɖɂȂĂ܂ :-)B
  j[XO[v comp.protocols.tcp-ip.domains ł DNS ̋c_Ă
  ܂B܂ DNS Ɋւ RFC 񑶍݂Ă܂BłdvȂ
  ȉɋĂ܂B BCP (Best Current Practice) ̔ԍtĂ
  ͕̂KǂłB

     RFC 2671
        P. Vixie, Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0) August 1999.

     RFC 2317
        BCP 20, H. Eidnes et. al. Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA delegation,
        March 1998. This is about CIDR, or classless subnet reverse
        lookups.

     RFC 2308
        M. Andrews, Negative Caching of DNS Queries, March 1998.  About
        negative caching and the $TTL zone file directive.

     RFC 2219
        BCP 17, M. Hamilton and R. Wright, Use of DNS Aliases for
        Network Services, October 1997.  About CNAME usage.

     RFC 2182
        BCP 16, R. Elz et. al., Selection and Operation of Secondary DNS
        Servers, July 1997.

     RFC 2052
        A. Gulbrandsen, P. Vixie, A DNS RR for specifying the location
        of services (DNS SRV), October 1996

     RFC 1918
        Y. Rekhter, R. Moskowitz, D. Karrenberg, G. de Groot, E. Lear,
        Address Allocation for Private Internets, 02/29/1996.

     RFC 1912
        D. Barr, Common DNS Operational and Configuration Errors,
        02/28/1996.

     RFC 1912 Errors
        B. Barr Errors in RFC 1912, this is available at
        <http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~barr/rfc1912-errors.html>

     RFC 1713
        A. Romao, Tools for DNS debugging, 11/03/1994.

     RFC 1712
        C. Farrell, M. Schulze, S. Pleitner, D. Baldoni, DNS Encoding of
        Geographical Location, 11/01/1994.

     RFC 1183
        R. Ullmann, P. Mockapetris, L. Mamakos, C. Everhart, New DNS RR
        Definitions, 10/08/1990.

     RFC 1035
        P. Mockapetris, Domain names - implementation and specification,
        11/01/1987.

     RFC 1034
        P. Mockapetris, Domain names - concepts and facilities,
        11/01/1987.

     RFC 1033
        M. Lottor, Domain administrators operations guide, 11/01/1987.

     RFC 1032
        M. Stahl, Domain administrators guide, 11/01/1987.

     RFC 974
        C. Partridge, Mail routing and the domain system, 01/01/1986.

