  qmail-HOWTO

  By Adam McKennaadam-qmail@flounder.net
  19, Auguest 1999
  âwinchild@kldp.org
  19991010

      Ϲ н ýۿ   ִ
  ۿƮ  ť  ġϰ Ұ ΰ 
  ̴.   Ʈ ͳֵ ۼǾ. 
  ť ġ  ִ. 츮 񽺰  Ѵ.  
  Ͽ ť ̿ϰ ϴ 鿡  ְ 
  . ť Ǹ MTA (  Ʈ) μ Dan Bernstein 
  . ⿡    ϸ ϰ ť
  νϰ ο    ִ.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  1. Ұ AID CDATA intro(LABEL)LABEL
     1.1  ťΰ? AID CDATA whyqmail(LABEL)LABEL

  2. ʿѰ͵ AID CDATA need(LABEL)LABEL
     2.1 ҿ ٿε Ű Ǯ. AID CDATA download(LABEL)LABEL
     2.2 RTFM AID CDATA rtfm1(LABEL)LABEL
     2.3 ť 丮  AID CDATA mkdir(LABEL)LABEL
     2.4 ť ϴµ ʿ ̿ڿ ׷  AID CDATA user(LABEL)LABEL
     2.5 ťϰ rblsmtpd  . AID CDATA rblsmtpd(LABEL)LABEL
     2.6 ť Configure. AID CDATA configure(LABEL)LABEL
     2.7 ť ˸ƽ ġ AID CDATA alias(LABEL)LABEL
     2.8    ϱ AID CDATA local(LABEL)LABEL
     2.9 Maildir. AID CDATA maildir(LABEL)LABEL
     2.10 sendmail ̱!! AID CDATA killsendmail(LABEL)LABEL
     2.11 ť  ¾. AID CDATA setup(LABEL)LABEL
     2.12 daemontools  tcpserver ġ. AID CDATA tools(LABEL)LABEL
     2.13 rblsmtpd AID CDATA rblsmtpd(LABEL)LABEL
     2.14 RTFM AID CDATA rtfm2(LABEL)LABEL
     2.15 ϵ AID CDATA control(LABEL)LABEL
     2.16 dot-qmail. AID CDATA dotqmail(LABEL)LABEL
     2.17 󵵸. AID CDATA virtualdomain(LABEL)LABEL
     2.18 ýý ˸ AID CDATA localalias(LABEL)LABEL
     2.19  (׸ ) AID CDATA end(LABEL)LABEL
     2.20 ˾Ƶξ Ұ͵ AID CDATA acknowlodge(LABEL)LABEL

  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  Ұ

  1.1.   ťΰ?

   ťϷ ٲپ ϴ°?   sendmail.cf  
  ִٸ  ˰  ̴.  ٲپ ϴ. ⿡  
   .

  o

     : ť ϴ. ؿ ť ڿ ؼ
     1000޷   ɰ  ޾Ҿ.   
     Ǿ Ʈܿ .   ť
     ̴.  500޷  ɰ ť  ȱ ã
     ϰ ִ.

  o

     ӵ. ť Ϲ ýۿ Ϸ翡 鸸 ޼
     Ҽ ִ.   װ 486ý̶ ϴ Ϸ翡
     10 ޼ ٷ ִ.

  o

     ŷڼ, ť   ˸  ũ 
     . ̷   ǻ    о  
     .

  o

       󵵸 . ̰ ť ֵ ·μ 
     POP   vchkpw  Ҹ. Ű ̿ϸ н
     ̿ڰ ƴϴ POP3 ̿ڷ ¾ ϴ.

  o

     ezmlm  ̿ ̿ڰ ϴ ϸ Ʈ.  ̰
     ̸   ϴ.

    Ҽ ִ° ť Ϻ ٴ ̴. װ
   ð  ʾҴٰ ϴ  ̴.  
  ϺŸ ť ٰ ϰ ִ°ε   ð
   ׷ ʾҴٰ ϴ  Ͼ Ѵ. ť ,
  Ϻϰ   ұϰ,  ̷ 
   ܰ ƴϴ. Ŵ  ťϿ Ͽ ̷ ó
   ο  ̿ڿԴ  ߻̴.
  (http://www.nrg4u.com  ִ ť ɵ Ȯ )

   ù° :  ν  а ϰ  о.
  ť ⺻ ̷ ϰ ٸ нϰ ť޸
  Ű̺κ  ϶. ť ۾ ؼ ̵ 򵵷
  ϶

  ť ־̵  MTA ۾ ϴµ ־ ũ,
  ̳ʸ  Ͽȭ, ʹ , ŴѰ üϴ ̴.
  ť  óϴ ۾    α׷ ҴϿ
  ȭѰ̴.  α׷  ̴.    
  µ ̿ڰ  ϼ ,   ϰ
  Ŀ  Ҽ ִ.

  2.  ʿѰ͵

  ť ν ϱ ͵  ʿѰ̴:

  o

     н н  ü  ý ־ Ѵ.
        ý ť ߿ README Ͽ ť
     ϴ ý  ִ.

  o

      ý DNS Ī  ־ ϸ DNS  ɼ
     ־ Ѵ.  ť /etc/hosts Ͽ ʿ ϴ  
     ã ʴ´. ۾  /var/qmail/control/smtproutes  ̿ϳ
      ׷ ƴϸ 쿡  ޶ ִ.

  o

      Ϸ ־ Ѵ. (duh)  Ϸ cc  Ҹ
      ʴ´ٸ ť ҿ Ʈ ׿ ̿ϴ conf-* ϵ
     Ͽ Ұ̴.

  2.1.  ҿ ٿε Ű Ǯ.

  ù°  ʿ ϵ  ٿε Ѵ.   ħ
  ʿ Ű  :

  qmail
  ucspi-tcp
  daemontools
  rblsmtpd

        (/usr/src/ Ͱ) Ű
  Ǭ.  ( root Ͽ Ѵ.)

       # gzip -d qmail-1.03.tar.gz
       # tar xf qmail-1.03.tar

   Ǭ qmail-1.03  ٲ۴.

       # cd qmail-1.03

  2.2.  RTFM

  ťϺ FAQ INSTALL  о⸦ Ѵ.

       # more INSTALL
       # more INSTALL.alias
       # more INSTALL.mbox
       etc...

  INSTALL  оҴٸ   HOWTO о ʿ䰡 
  ̴. ׷ ̹ ̸ŭ о   ؼ  
  ϰڴٿ.

  2.3.  ť 丮 

  ù° ť ʿ ϴ Ȩ丮 Ͽ Ѵ.

       # mkdir /var/qmail

  2.4.  ť ϴµ ʿ ̿ڿ ׷ 

   پ ť  ϱ  ̿ڵ ο ׷
  Ͽ Ѵ. INSTALL.ids  ʿ ׷ ִ.  
   2.0  ٸ ̹ Ǿ  ̴. ( ̽!)
   ֶ󸮽     Ѵ:

       # groupadd nofiles
       # useradd -g nofiles -d /var/qmail/alias -s /bin/false alias
       # useradd -g nofiles -d /var/qmail -s /bin/false qmaild
       # useradd -g nofiles -d /var/qmail -s /bin/false qmaill
       # useradd -g nofiles -d /var/qmail -s /bin/false qmailp
       # groupadd qmail
       # useradd -g qmail -d /var/qmail -s /bin/false qmailq
       # useradd -g qmail -d /var/qmail -s /bin/false qmailr
       # useradd -g qmail -d /var/qmail -s /bin/false qmails

  ť ̿ڿ ׷ ߿    
  INSTALL.ids о.

  *** NOTE: IF YOU DO NOT CREATE THESE USERS AND GROUPS, QMAIL WILL NOT
  WORK. ***

  2.5.  ťϰ rblsmtpd  .

  ܰμ α׷ ť 𤩷丮 Ʈ .

  Type:
       # make setup check

  ť   ̴.   θ 
  /var/qmail Ʒ Ϻ ť ý ο 丮
  Ǿ ̴.

  rblsmtpd   κ ýۿ ȴ:

       # tar zxvf rblsmtpd-0.70.tar.gz
       # cd rblsmtpd-0.70
       # make
       # make setup check

  rblsmtpd  α׷ /usr/local/bin/  ɰ̴.

  2.6.  ť Configure.

  ť  Ǿ ǱԸ ׿ Ѵ. ̰ ſ : ٽ
  ť 丮 ư  ԷѴ.

       # ./config

   ̰      ۾ ؾ Ѵ.
  INSTALL.ctl  о   IP DNS   ذؾ
  Ѵ. ׷  ذ  ٸ  
  ϶.

       # ./config-fast your.full.host.name

  ̰ ť ϴµ ʿ ϵ Ұ ̴.

  2.7.  ť ˸ƽ ġ

       # cd ~alias
       # echo adam > .qmail-root
       # echo bob > .qmail-postmaster
       # echo bob > .qmail-mailer-daemon

  ť  ˸  ̿Ѵ. ̰ ť sendmail
  ٸ ֿ  ϳ̴.    ڼϰ ȴ. root
   ˸ƽ  ȴ.  ̰  ڼϰ ȴ.
  ˸ root ؼ . ̰  root ť ϼ
  ϴ° ƴϱ ̴.  ť root ؼ  
   ź ̴. INSTALL.alias    ڼ  
  ˼ ִ.

  2.8.     ϱ

  ̰  Ǹ  qmail ý ׽Ʈ غȰ̴.
  ť   ɰ ϴ° root  Ѵ.

       # cp /var/qmail/boot/home /var/qmail/rc
       # csh -cf '/var/qmail/rc &'

  ̷ μ   ̽  ʴ´. 
  ׽Ʈ   Ƿ غѰ ̿Ѵ. (TEST.deliver
  о)  Ȩ丮 ִ Ϲڽ ִ  
  ̴.  /var/spool/mail   ť ġÿ ȣȯ
  Ѱ̴. INSTALL.mbox о.

  ť  Ȩ丮 Ϲڽ  б, PINE 
   α׷ ŵ Ͽ Ͽ setgid  ʿ䰡 . ̰
     Ȼ   ɼ ش.

  2.9.  Maildir.

  Maildir ޼ ϴ ϳ μ   
   ִ:

  Lock-free -- ̰ NFS ̿   ŷڵ 
  ִ.  qmail-pop3d Ҽ ִ. ťϰ ϴ POP3 
  ϴ.  α׷ /var/spool/mail   Ϲڽ 
  ð µ stat()  ʴ´. Ը ̽
  ýۿ ̰ µ  ð ɸ ִ. mutt MUA
  ؼ  ȴ.

  Maildir ϰ Ǹ    ִ.

  PINE  Ϻ  α׷ Maildir ϱ ؼ
  ġ ϰ  ؾѴ. PINE ġ ؼ Bloodhounds
  Internations  c-Ŭ̾Ʈ ʿϴ.  Maildir  ޼ 
  и Ϸ Ѵ. ̰ ϳ Ǯ ϴ°ͺ ڿ
   ҸѴ.

   Maildir ̿ϱ⸦ Ѵٸ  Ȩ 丮 
  Ѵ.

       $ /var/qmail/bin/maildirmake $HOME/Maildir
       $ echo ./Maildir/ > ~/.qmail

  Ұ Maildir  ̿   Ǿ ־ Ѵ. 
  root   Ǹ   ʽ ٲپ ƾ Ѵ.
  /etc/skil ִ Maildir ϴ°͵  ̵ ̴. ̰
  ڵ ο  Maildir  ش. Maildir Ͽ
   ˰  INSTALL.maildir о.

  2.10.  sendmail ̱!!

  ̰ Ѵٴ   Ͽ ·ο  sendmail κ
    ǹѴ. 켱  sendmail  ãƼ װ
  δ. :

       # killall -TERM sendmail

  ̷ κ    sendmail õǸ ٽ
  ׿ ϱ   Ų.

       # mv /usr/lib/sendmail /usr/lib/sendmail.old
       # mv /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/sbin/sendmail.old
       # ln -s /var/qmail/bin/sendmail /usr/lib/sendmail
       # ln -s /var/qmail/bin/sendmail /usr/sbin/sendmail

  (/usr/sbin   ýۿ  ִ.)

  *** ߿Ѱ: sendmail  ʱȭ ũƮ ؼ õǵ
  Ǿ ִ. ̷ ý reboot ɰ쿡 ϴ ʱȭ
  ũƮ sendmail  ʿ伺 ִ.   ý۸
  Ǿ ִ ǿ    ̴.

  2.11.  ť  ¾.

   ν ť SMTP, POP3 ׹   ýۿ
  ¾ǰ Ͽ Ѵ.  ߿Ѱ qmail-smtpd ̴. qmail-smtpd 
    ý ܺηκ    .

  2.12.  daemontools  tcpserver ġ.

   ucspi-tcp Ű ť  ִ Ϲ
  ƿƼμ ̹ ٿε带 ޾ ̴.

  ۹, accustamp,   Ű  cyclog, ׸
  ucspi-tcp ּ  tcpserver ťϿ ̿ϰ ɰ̴.

   ϰ Ǹ uspci-tcp  /usr/local/bin  ġȴ.

       # tar zxvf ucspi-tcp-0.84.tar.gz
       # cd ucspi-tcp-0.84
       # make
       # make setup check

      ġȴ.

       # tar zxvf daemontools-0.53.tar.gz
       # cd daemontools-0.53
       # make
       # make man
       # make setup
       $ make check  # (can be run as a regular user)

    丮 Ͽָ cyclog  α׸ Ұ̴.

       # mkdir /var/log/qmail
       # chown qmaill /var/log/qmail
       # mkdir /var/log/qmail/qmail-smtpd
       # mkdir /var/log/qmail/qmail-pop3d  # qmail-pop3d  
       # chown qmaill /var/log/qmail/*

   ġǾ INSTALL  α׷ ׽Ʈ ϵ Ѵ.
  ť smtpd ŸƮ ϱ Ϻ  Ʈ ؾ ʿ伺
  ִ.  /etc  ̿  ϰ Ѵ.  /etc/tcp.smtp
   ׼   ̿Ѵ.   Ʈ ̿ ʿ䰡 ٸ
  /etc/tcp.smtp   Ѷ   ȴ.

  :allow

  ⺻ ǱԷ̼ ȣƮ ִ   ̿Ҽ ְ
  ϴ ̴. ȣƮ  Ʈ ִ    ְ
  Ϸ   :

       127.0.0.1:allow,RELAYCLIENT=""
       192.168.1.:allow,RELAYCLIENT=""
       :allow

     man tcprules ƶ.    Ͽ
  װ Ȱȭ ǵ Ͽ Ѵ. tcpserver  cdb (ͺ̽)
    Ѵ.  tcprules α׷ 
  /etc/tcp.smtp Ϸκ ͺ̽  ִ. ̰ 
    Ѵ.

       # tcprules /etc/tcp.smtp.cdb /etc/tcp.smtp.tmp < /etc/tcp.smtp

  2.13.  rblsmtpd

  rblsmtpd  tcpserver Ͽ (  ťϰ sendmail) SMTP
  μ  ϴ Ϲ α׷̴.  MAPS RBL ȭ
  ҷϻƮ Ѵٸ SMTP   μ rblsmtpd  ʿ
  .

  SMTP ȴ.   ŷý(ORBS )Ͽ
   Ǳ⸦  ٸ  ܽ rblsmtpd   Ƽ÷
  ų ʿ䰡  ;ƴ. ̰  Ī -b ÷׸
  ̿μ Ҽ ִ.   ϴ  ãƺ ִ.

    ťϵ tcpserver Ͽ  غ Ǿٸ
  (׸ Ʈ  ʱȭ ϵ ̿ǰ Ϸ)  root
   Ѵ:

       # PATH=/var/qmail/bin:/usr/local/bin:$PATH
       # mkdir /var/lock/qmail-smtpd
       # mkdir /var/log/qmail/
       # mkdir /var/log/qmail/qmail-smtpd
       # supervise /var/lock/qmail-smtpd \
         tcpserver -v -x/etc/tcp.smtp.cdb -u71 -g1001 0 25 \
         rblsmtpd qmail-smtpd 2>&1 | setuser qmaill accustamp | \
         setuser qmaill cyclog -s5000000 -n5 /var/log/qmail/qmail-smtpd &

  Ǵ ORBS  RBL  ̿Ͽ block Ų.

       # supervise /var/lock/qmail-smtpd \
         tcpserver -v -x/etc/tcp.smtp.cdb -u71 -g1001 0 25 \
         rblsmtpd rblsmtpd -rrelays.orbs.org qmail-smtpd 2>&1 |\
         setuser qmaill accustamp | \
         setuser qmaill cyclog -s5000000 -n5 /var/log/qmail/qmail-smtpd &

    ɵ Ȯϰ ˰ ʹٸ   
  оƾ ҰͰ. װ  ϱδ  ϻ ִ 
  ɾ оƾ ҰͰ.  tcpserver α״ ʹ
  /var/log/qmail/qmail-smtpd  .

  sysvinit   rc   part11 tcpserver Ͽ qmail-
  smtp Ű  ã ִ.

  ̰ о inetd.conf  qmail-smtpd  Ͽ
   ° ߿ Ѱ ߰Ҽ  ̴. (high load
   Ҹ  ƴϴ) ⿡  ߰ ʿ䰡 ִ:

       smtp stream tcp nowait qmaild /var/qmail/bin/tcp-env tcp-env
                  /usr/local/bin/rblsmtpd /var/qmail/bin/qmail-smtpd ()

  ̰ xinetd    ̿ȴ.

       service smtp
       {
       socket_type     = stream
       protocol        = tcp
       wait            = no
       user            = qmaild
       server          = /var/qmail/bin/tcp-env
       server_args     = /usr/local/bin/rblsmtpd /var/qmail/bin/qmail-smtpd
       only_from       = 0.0.0.0
       }

   ý õ ϰų inetd   Ѵ. :

       # killall -HUP inetd

  Ǵ

       # killall -USR1 xinetd

  2.14.  RTFM

  ̽ ־   о°  ϰ̴. 
   Լؼ    ؼ д´ٸ ׷ 
  ʾƵ ȴ.   ϰ Ұ װ  ϰ
  Ѵ.

    qmail ư.

  2.15.  ϵ

   ѹ qmail ý ¾ϰ ״. װ ܼ
     Ͽٰ ϴ ̴. ٵ  
  ˰ԵȰͿ Ͽ ູ Ұ̰  sendmail  ȣƮ 
  ϴ°Ϳ Ͽ غ Ѵ.

   /var/qmail/control 丮    ϵ ִ.

       nose:/var/qmail/control$ ls -la
       total 8
       drwxr-xr-x   2 root     qmail        1024 Sep 29 10:08 .
       drwxr-xr-x  10 root     root         1024 Sep 18 02:48 ..
       -rw-r--r--   1 root     root           22 Sep 18 02:40 defaultdomain
       -rw-r--r--   1 root     root           27 Sep 18 02:40 locals
       -rw-r--r--   1 root     root           27 Sep 18 02:40 me
       -rw-r--r--   1 root     root           17 Sep 18 02:40 plusdomain
       -rw-r--r--   1 root     root           27 Sep 18 02:40 rcpthosts
       -rw-------   1 root     root          147 Sep 29 10:08 virtualdomains

    ߿ ϵ ִµ (ٵ ߿ϴ):

  me -- (qmail  Ϸ ȴ. ̰Ϳ   ȣƮ
     ִ) rcpthosts -- (qmail  ޱ 
  ȣŸ̴.     Ͽ  Ͽ Ѵ.)

  ߿Ѱ:   qmail ٿ rcpthost Ʈ Ǿ
   ʴ.   󵵸 Ծ  ε Ͽ
  ȭ Ǿ Ѵ.  locals -- (  ȣƮ,  /etc/passwd
   ִ    ȣƮ ϵȴ.)

  2.16.  dot-qmail.

  dot-qmail  ߿ ̰    HOW-TO  ϳ
   Ҵ   ̴. ׷   qmail ġϰ
   95%  dot- qmail Ұ̱ ̴.

  dot-qmail qmail-local̶ Ҹ ޼   
    ִ.  dot-qmail ϸ ̿ڴ   Ҽ ְ,
  ezmlm ϸ Ʈ Ҽ ְ (qmail ϸ Ʈ ),
  ̸ ˸ƽ Ҽ ְ, ܺ α׷ ȣϿ
  ڵ   ִ.

  dot-qmail  Ȩ丮 ִ .qmail Ͽ Ͽ ȴ.
  qmail-local message  ɿ  оδ.

  qmail .qmail  ã  쿡  Ȩ丮 ִ
  Ϲڽ  Ѵ. dot-mail Ŵ   ϶.

  dot-qmail ش  ϳ  ڽ ̾ƽ 
  ִٴ ̴.    ̿ account "adm" Ǿ ִٸ 
  .qmail-info  ¾ Ҽ ִ. Ͽ óϴ ޼
  adam-info ּȭϴ ɾ    ̴. dot-qmail
     ˸ƽ Ҽ ְ лȭ ̶
  ̿  ִ.

  2.17.  󵵸.

  dot-mail 縦 鼭   ˸ƽ ° ŭ̳
  .  󵵸 Ͽ    ۼѴ.

       example.com:user

    ŵǴ    ΰ ˷ְ
  ִ.  ̰ ó  ̳, δ ſ ̴.
     example.com  ŵǴ 󵵸 ؼ 
  adm̶ .qmail Ͽ  Ȩ丮 example.com Ϲ
  Ǵ°Ͱ   ǵ Ҽ ִ. ׷ٸ .qmail-info
  info@example.com  Ǿ Ѵ.

  ׷  ̿ڰ  ϳ 󵵸κ  
  Ϸ  ؾұ?

  󵵸  ſ   ִ. ȣ ڰ
  о    ȣ ̿ Ȯ Ѵ.  :

       example.com:adam-example
       example2.com:adam-example2

  ̷ ǱԷ̼  ȣƮ˸ƽ   Ѱ dot-qmail
  ϸ Ȯϴ°Ͱ ٸ.  info@example.com  .qmail-
  example-info  ؼ, info@example2.com  .qmail-example2-info 
  ȴ.

   .qmail-ext    qmail-local  ⼳ .qmail 
  ̿Ѵ.    ext  for-bar  ̸ (?) qmail-local  .qmail-
  for- ٵ 켱 .qmail-for-bar ã´, ׸  .qmail-
  defualt ã´.   ͵ ߰ߵ  qmail-local
  ޼ ٿ(?)Ѵ. (ܷμ ⺻ ̿ ּҰ ִٸ qmail-
  local .qmail   ʰų .qmail  óѴ.)
  ̷ ó dot-qmail Ŵ κ °̴.

  2.18.  ýý ˸

  þ̶󽺸 ϱ⸦ Ѵٸ  ؾ ϴ°? /etc/aliases 
   ϴ°? ׷ ʴ. /etc/aliases qmail ؼ ó
  sendmail Ǵٸ   ϳ̴.

  ˸ƽ ׻ ߰ϱ Ͽ (ο ˸ƽ) Ը
  ͺ̽  ϴ ſ ť  ٸ  
  ˸ƽ óѴ.

  ݺʹ  dot-qmail   󵵸ο Ͽ ˾Ƿ,
   ý ˾ƶ󽺸 󸶳  ϴ° Ͽ 
  ̴.

  ý ˸ƽ  dot-qmail  ϳ /var/qmail/alias 
  ̿Ѵ.

  2.19.   (׸ )

  ť ش , ϰ  MTA ̴.  ̰ 
  ٸ α׷ ̷ ְ  ϰ ϴ ͵ Ҽ ְ
  ־.  ʿ  ť Ʈ о.

  2.20.  ˾Ƶξ Ұ͵

   ٸ  鿡 縦 ǥѴ.

       Dan Bernstein,  Ǹ α׷  ذͿ Ͽ
       Russell Nelson, qmail Ȩ ȣϿ ذͿ Ͽ
       Christopher Johnson, vckpw Ű ۼ ذͿ Ͽ
       Mr. Sam, maildrop ϵ qmail پ   ذͿ Ͽ
       ٸ鿡Դ  HOWTO  ߸  ǵ ص
       Ͽ 縦 帰.

  ______________________________________________________________________
            Matthew Gibbins
            Scott Schwartz
            Mark Delany
            harold@nb.com.[sg]
            Erik Linder
            Djalil Chafai
            Olivier Mueller
            Peter Rye
            Harry Hersh
            Michael Handler
            Mate Wierdl
            Dave Sill
  ______________________________________________________________________

    ؾ  ִٸ  ÿ.  --Adam adam@floun
  der.net This HOWTO is Copyright(R) 1998 Adam D. McKenna

