
                           NCD X terminal mini HOWTO
                                       
Ian Hodge, ian at permedia.ca

   v1.09, March 27, 2000
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   ļڽ NCD X ն˻ UNIX 
     _________________________________________________________________
   
1. Ȩ

2. 

     * 2.1 ȫĲ
       
3. 

     * 3.1 X ն˻
     * 3.2 ʵ
     * 3.3 NCD X ŷ
       
4. 趨 UNIX 

     * 4.1 TFTP Լ BootP
       
5. 趨 NCD X ն˻Ŀ

     * 5.1 سʽķ
     * 5.2 趨ѡ
     * 5.3 X ն˻趨
     * 5.4 
       
6. Լ X ն˻

     * 6.1 ŷ
       
7. 

     * 7.1 ֧Ԯն˻
     * 7.2 ο
     * 7.3 ļ׼װ
     * 7.4 л
     * 7.5 
     * 7.6 
     _________________________________________________________________
   
1. Ȩ

   NCD X ն˻ mini HOWTO İȨ Ian Hodge Linux HOWTO ļҲ
   κεýû򷢲еĲݻȫ ӡˢǵӵݰ
   Ȩ涼ҪеķС
   
2. 

   ļڽ BootP(Boot Protocol)  UNIX һ
   ʼһ X ն˻ ն˻ģʽҲ RARP, NFS  PCMCIA
   и ( ֱ߻͸ݻ ) Ŀʽ
   
   ȻļԵһģʽ X terminal Ϊģ ЩѶҲ
   ģʽ X ն˻ һΪ Linux X terminal
    mini HOWTO ļ ( ļ HOWTO άԱˣҲ
    Linux ķа汾Ҳļ ) ļͱļص
   ļ㷺 X ն˻˵
   
2.1 ȫĲ

   һ X ն˻ UNIX ·Ĳм裺
   
     * ʵʵ X ն˻·
     * 趨ҪĲ UNIX 
     * 趨 X ն˻Ŀ
     * ʼ X ն˻
     * 
       
3. 

3.1 X ն˻

   X ն˻һ·ͨʾװã· ˷ɢʽ·
   Ӵϵͳ֪ X  һԣ X ( X server)
   ʱ·ϱȡġ Щ X server  ( X client ĳʽ
   ) ʹ X ն˻Ļ ( ȻһЩ ) X ն˻
   ʾ·еĻϣִгʽĽ ˵ X ն˻ֻһ
    X Эȥȡ·Դһ·ԡ
   
3.2 ʵ

   NCD  X ն˻ ( ͺΪ Xncd19r ׼ļ ) ӵһ RJ-45 (
   ˫ )  10baseT ̫·Ľͷ һ˫
   ̫·װõ豸  X ն˻·ϴڵĽеװã 
   Ӧñһֽ 'null' ߵ߲ӣ Linux Ethernet HOWTO 
   ļб
   
3.3 NCD X ŷ

   X server 쳧ṩӦն˻ʱṩ ݵ
    X ն˻ϡ  X ն˻ĲͬͬǺʹ
   ûйϵ ն˻ܹκ֧ԮͨѶϢЭ
   ⣬ X Ҳ X server ԼһЩӴԱ  X 
   ˻ִеĳʽ
   
4. 趨 UNIX 

   ڿʱX ն˻·ϵԶϵͳȡЩҪ ( X
   server ) ն˻ᣬX server 룬ʾԼ X ͨѶϢ
   ͨ X server  X ն˻ִеģҪҪ
   ݡ
   
4.1 TFTP Լ BootP

   һἰ tftp (trivial file transfer protocol)  BootP (boot
   protocol server) ʹ X ն˻͸·ȡԶϵ X server
   Լ趨 ַ͵ĶǱ inetd ( Internet Daemon ) 
   
   X ն˻ᣬ趨· BootP ( TCP/IP
   bootstrap protocol ) ͳ㲥ѶϢ ݿѶX ն˻
   ·ϣ ÿõĴӦ X ն˻ġ
   
   ԶյԶ˿Ҫʱ inetd (  daemon 
   /etc/services  Port ) BootP  /etc/services ָ
   daemon 
   
    inetd.conf 趨棬ȡ TFTP Լ BootP 趨С
   tftpd 趨һ·趨Ϊӣһ X ն˻
   ҪĵŵĿ¼ȻŵĿ¼޶ģΪ˰ȫأ
   Ӧ÷һֻ tftp ȡ·
   
   /etc/inetd.conf ġ
# tftp Ҫṩķվ̨
# ִֻΪṩ
tftp   dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.tftpd /usr/X11/lib/X11/n
cd/
bootps dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.bootpd

   ʼʱ BootP ִе daemonȥ /etc/bootptab 
   ⵵ ÿһ X ն˻趨һϡ ÿһϱ
   '' Ԫָ ÿֶÿһϵͷһǡ
   
   õ bootptab ǣ
   
   hd
          õļĿ¼ (  /usr/X11/lib/X11/ncd/ )
          
   ip
          X ն˻·λַ (  10.0.0.1)
          
   sm
          · (  255.0.0.0)֪ʹ·Լ
           IP ·ԭ  Linux NET-3 (networking) HOWTO document
          
          
   gw
          բ IP λ (  10.0.0.1)
          
   ht
          Ӳװ -  Ethernet
          
   ha
          X ն˻Ӳλ ( 6 λԪıʾ̫· )
          
           bootptab  UNIX ˵'ht' Ǳ 'ha' ǰ档 X
          ն˻̫·Żն˻һνϵԴʱʾ λ
          鱻ֺŷֿλʮλ  ( 
          00:00:A7:12:26:19 )
          
   tc
          ڵϼȥ
          
   ds
          ŷ IP λַ (  10.0.0.3 ) ýԵ
          һĿǲҪġ
          
   bf
          X ն˻Ŀ ( ն˻ƳΪƣ
          Xncd19r)
          
   еһ BootP ŷϿ⵵/etc/bootptab ӡ '\'
   ԪеԪ
   
# һ ( һЩԤ趨Ѷ )
# ָ BootP ͻ˵ĹͬѶ
default:hd=/usr/X11/lib/X11/ncd/:\
        ds=10.0.0.3:\
        sm=255.0.0.0:\
        gw=10.0.0.1:

#  X նϵΪ myxterm
# ע⣬ tc ǲԤ
myxterm:ht=ethernet:\
        ha=0x0000a7122619:\
        ip=10.0.0.2:\
        tc=default:\
        bf=Xncd19r:

   һ bootptab ϿĿҪ⵽ʱ bootpd Ͽҵ
   Ѷ ͳһӲ忨ŵ IP λַ  TFTP ͸
   IP Эͳȥ
   
   X ն˻ܱ춿 /etc/hosts ĳһ
   Ͼ ƶӦ IP λõĹϵ У
   X ն˻ ( IP λַΪ 10.0.0.2)  myxterm 
   
10.0.0.1        linuxhost       # õ
10.0.0.2        myxterm         # X ն˻

5. 趨 NCD X ն˻Ŀ

   Դᣬ X ն˻ȥ ǽ X 뵽
   ֮вִ֮  X ն˻ܿῪʽʾ '>'
   ֡ һִն˻ PROMs
   (programmable read-only memory) 塣Ŀ棬
   趨ն˻οԼ ȡ X server 塣 ʹ '?' Իȡ
   سʽָЭ
   
   ô NVRAM (Non-volatile Random-Access Memory) Ŀسʽ趨
    ڹػʱ趨ֵ
   
   ڿسʽУ'bt' ָһϵͳѡܹʼն˻ 
   ۣ߶ṩͬѡṩѡ趨
   
5.1 سʽķ

   >bt file terminal_IP host_IP gateway_IP subnet_mask
   
   file
          ԶҪĵƣ  X ն˻ʹ
          õ X server  (磺' Xncd19r ' )  ȷƷ
          ϴ bootptab  ( ֮ǰ )  X ն˻Ѷ
          
   terminal_IP
           IP λַָ X ն˻ (  10.0.0.2 ) ͬģ
          ѵҲҪ bootptab  X ն˻Ѷͬ
          
   host_IP
           IP λַָ (  10.0.0.1)
          
   gateway
           IP λַָբ (  10.0.0.1)
          
   subnet_mask
          ·֣ʮƻʮƱ ( 255.0.0.0 
          ff000000)
          
5.2 趨ѡ

   ʹ '趨' ʾ '>'  'se'
   
   Get IP Addresses From
          X ն˻ IP λַӦñɿسʽ趨ߴ
          NVRAM С ʹ RARP ( reverse ARP ) ȥѡ˵ȡ
           IPѡ 'Network'
          
   Terminal IP Address
           IP λַָ X ն˻ (  10.0.0.2 ) ͬ
          ἰ 'terminal_IP'
          
   First Boot Host IP Address
           IP λַָ (  10.0.0.1 ) ͬ
          ἰ 'host_IP'
          
   Gateway IP Address
           IP λַָբġ ͬἰ 'gateway' 
          
   Subnet Mask
          ·֣ʮƱ ͬἰ 'subnet_mask'
          
   Broadcast IP Address
           IP λַ㲥ѶϢ· (  10.255.255.255)
          
   Boot File
          ԶҪĵƣ  X ն˻ʹ
          õ X server  (磺 'Xncd19r' ) ͬἰ
          'file'
          
   TFTP Boot Directory
          ſ· (  '/usr/X11/lib/X11/ncd/'
           '/tftpboot/' )
          
   Config file
          X ն˻Զ趨 ( ¿ )
          
   UNIX Config Directory
          趨· (eg "/usr/X11/lib/X11/ncd/")
          
   TFTP Order, NFS Order, Local Order
          ָʹõĿЭΪ '1' ָΪ TFTP Ϊ '1' ʱʹ
          BootP 
          
5.3 X ն˻趨

   ڿĳУX ն˻ͼӿͣصִС X 
   ˻ǷɹһҪЩûбҵն˻ʹ
   Ԥֵ
   
   趨ڿʱʼͣ
     * X ն˻趨 (  ncd.conf ) άն˻趨
     * ɫ趨 (  rgb.txt )
     * X ̷űϿ (  XKeysymDB )
     * Ŀ¼ (  font.dir, font.alias)
       
   ɹᣬX ն˻Ӵһܱѡ֡ ն˻趨ļֵ
   ն˻Ӵϡ ն˻Ӵһ 'setup' ʽѡ ն˻
   һЩڴ˱ʾ޸Լ趨֮УԱ㽫
   ʹá
   
   ʹ TFTP Կص X ն˻ϣ Ȩޱ
   趨Ϊȫʹ߶ܴȡ ͬģΪܴ趨
   ڲҴеĿȨޡ ȫ TFTP ʹ ( Ϊȫ
   Ǳǿҽ ) ᵵֻ޶ĳЩضĿ¼ܱȡ
   
   Note: ն˻ǰ趨Ϊʹһǲͬ趨Ҳ
     NVRAM Ƴ趨Ӧܽ⡣
   
   ӿسʽ NVRAM ֻҪ 'nv' ѡѡ ' l '
   Ԥֵ ' s ' 棬 'q' 뿪 ȷ
   
5.4 

    X ն˻ʽѡУѡ 'terminals' һѡѡ ' New
   Telnet... '  Զ˵ӴʱڷĿ·
   IP λַѡ 'OK' ʱѡֻĵʾӦû֡ڵ
   X ĳʽ ӴԱԶ˵ӴбִС
   
6. Լ X ն˻

   X ն˻һʼʹСֵġ X ն˻趨ѡ趨 Щ
   Ͷڽɹʹõġ ն˻ܹʹõʹЩͣϣ
   ʹø͡ ܱ X ն˻趨ѡоָ·бʹ
   ãʹ xset 趨
   
    X server  X ն˻ִʱʹ xset ָ͡
   
   ѯ X server 
xset -q

   ͵·룺
xset +fp <path>

   ƳĿ
xset -fp <path>

6.1 ŷ

   ŷһ·ִУ乤ǰæ X ն˻·
   ϵĿͷȡ͡ ʹŷܹ X server ʹó˵
   ɱ䶯͡ ȡõĹУŷܹ X server
   ѹԼתͣ Ҹ׵İһȺ X ն˻Լ·ϵ
   ͷ˹͡ ŷ屻 Linux аУ
    X ȺУ [1]ftp.x.orgȡá
   
   Ҫעǣʹŷ X ն˻趨趨ѡУ һ
   tcp ķҪȡ·
   
   tcp ĸʽ
tcp/< ŷ IP λַ >:< ŷʹõĽӿ >

   ӣ
tcp/10.0.0.1:7100

   һʴ춿 X ն˻趨ӣ
   
xserver-default-font-path = {
        { "tcp/10.0.0.1:7100" }
        { "built-ins" }
}

    xset  tcp Ҳܽŷ·֮У
   
xset +fp tcp/10.0.0.1:7100

   棺ĳЩ汾 NCD ҪŷѶΪ X ն˻ĵһڽ
   ͡ Ǻ NCD Ϊ "System Administrator's Guide for UNIX Systems"
   ļΥġ  ' xset q ' ȷ͵·˳
   
   ŷߣŷʼ rc.local С (
   עڴķа汾ŷӵԼ
   Ϊ xfs ) ŷеʼ
   
xfs -config < 趨· > -port < ŷӿ >

   һŷĽӿΪ 7100
   
   ӣ
   
xfs -config /usr/X11/lib/X11/fs/config -port 7100

   ŷ趨ӣ
   
   # ŷ趨

   #  10 ͻŷ
   client-limit = 10

   # ŷͻ˵ĸشļʱһŷ
   clone-self = on

   #  UNIX  syslog ¼ѶϢ
   use-syslog = on

   # ͵Ŀ¼
   catalogue = /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/,
      /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/,
      /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/,
      /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/,
      /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/

   #  syslog ûбʹãҪŵĴѶϢλ
   error-file = /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fs/fs-errors

   # ԤʹСΪ 12 pt
   default-point-size = 120

   # 100 x 100 Լ 75 x 75
   default-resolutions = 75,75,100,100

7. 

7.1 ֧Ԯն˻

   ǰ˵ļеն˻׼ģ NCD 19r, NCD 19c,
   NCD19m?, NCD 15b, NCD MCX
   
7.2 ο

   Unix ֲ᣺ bootpd(8), tftpd(8), bootptab(5), xdm(1x), xfs(1),
   fsinfo(1), xset(1), inetd(8)
   
   Linux Ethernet HOWTO document, Linux Net-3 (Networking) HOWTO document
   
   NCDware System Administrator's Guide for UNIX Systems (print version)
   
   [2]NCD Techtips Archive
   
   Ҳ NCD ļѶ [3]NCDware Reference Manual 
   ϼеն˻Ѷ
   
   [4]NCD knowledge base λһЩʵԼĻر
   
   ע⣬ҲλַΪ mini-HOWTO һ汻ͳ
   ʱ NCDҳѾȵĸİˡ
   
7.3 ļ׼װ

   X ն˻ NCD ĲƷͺΪ NCD19r Լ 19 ɫөĻ 1280x1024
   ִУ 8M RAM
   
   X server 壺 NCDware V3.2.CV 19r_s
   
   ѡ BM Cyrix 686 P150  Slackware  (Linux İ汾
   2.0.31)
   
   ѡ IBM Cyrix M2 200 MMX  Red Hat 5.0 (Linux İ汾
   2.0.32)
   
   ·10 base T Ethernet card (ne 2000 clone) and 8 port hub
   
   ŷڶ汾ͳ 6300 
   
7.4 л

   Һܸл Michael de Lind van Wijngaarden  Jamal Hadi-Salim  Э
   ׼ļ Dwight Hodge
   
7.5 

     * п inetd ķʽŷ
     * ִŷԶ˵ػŷ
       X ն˻ȡΡѡлʹ xset 
       · Ϊʲ᣿
     * ͺŵ X ն˻ĴǷƣ
     * X ն˻ NFS ( Network File System )  RARP ( Reverse
       Address Resolution Protocol ) 
     * X ն˻ʾѶϢ һһ X ն˻ xfree86 
       X  û˵
%XSERVER-I-NEWCLIENT, host "localhost" connected with blank authorization
%XSERVER-W-NOEXTENSION, client attempted to use non-existent extension "BIG-REQ
UESTS"
%XSERVER-W-NOEXTENSION, client attempted to use non-existent extension "XKEYBOA
RD"
%XSERVER-W-NOEXTENSION, client attempted to use non-existent extension "XFree86
-Misc"
     * Linux ֲܹ X ն˻һЦ⣬LinuxѾ
       ಻ͬƽ̨ˡ
       
7.6 

   д ian  permedia.ca ṩκν飬⣬ǹס
   ܸллԼṩѶѡ

References

   1. ftp://ftp.x.org/
   2. ftp://ftp.ncd.com/pub/ncd/Archive/NCD-Articles/index.html
   3. ftp://ftp.ncd.com/pub/ncd/Archive/Documentation/NCDware/index.html
   4. http://www.ncd.com/support/kbsearch/kbase.html
