  KERNELD MINI-HOWTO

  Version 1.7, last updated: July 19, 1997 by Henrik Storner
  (storner@osiris.ping.dk <mailto: storner@osiris.ping.dk>)

  : 1998 10 3, 翵(cychong@metro.telecom.samsung.co.kr
  <mailto: cychong@metro.telecom.samsung.co.kr>)

     ֱ  http://eolicom.olicom.dk/ storner /kerneld-
  mini-HOWTO.html    ִ.
  http://eolicom.olicom.dk/ storner/kern.html ϸ  mini-
  HOWTO     ߰   ̴.  Credits 
    Ʋ  ߰ϸ  ˷ֱ ٶ.  
   mini-HOWTO  ̴.  * Bjorn Ekwall < bj0rn@blox.se
  <mailto: bj0rn@blox.se>> * Ben Galliart < bgallia@luc.edu <mailto:
  bgallia@luc.edu>> * Cedric Tefft < cedric@earthling.net <mailto:
  cedric@earthling.net>> * Brian Miller <bmiller@netspace.net.au
  <mailto: bmiller@netspace.net.au>> * James C. Tsiao
  <jtsiao@madoka.jpl.nasa.gov <mailto: jtsiao@madoka.jpl.nasa.gov>> 
  mini-HOWTO   ִ ݷ ȿ ſ Ѵ.

  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  1. kerneld  ΰ??
  2.  kerneld  ϱ ϴ°?
  3. ʿ ͵  ϴ°?
  4.   ϴ°?
  5.   ε  kerneld  ϴ°?
  6. kerneld ۾ 
  7. kerneld Ư 
  8.  ߻ϴ 

  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  kerneld  ΰ??

  kerneld Ejorn Ekwall  Ŀ   1.3 Ұ ̴.
  ̰ 2.0 2.1 Ŀο  ԵǾ ִ.  kerneld Ŀ
  "" - ٽ ϸ ̽ ̹, Ʈũ ̹,  ý
   -  ڰ  modprobe insmod  ʰ, ڰ
  ش    ڵ ε  ֵ Ѵ.  ׸ 
  ǥ Ŀΰ յ ʾ    ɵ  ִ.

  o  ⺻ ũ 귩Ŀ   α׷ ۽ų  ־, ٸ
     ũ ̹   ִ.

  o  ũ Ŀ  ϰ ǥ ܼ  Ҹ  ٸ
      ٲ  ִ.  kerneld    ƼƼ ȴ.

  o   Ŀ  ۾ ʿ 󿡰 ȣ(request)  
     ְ Ѵ.

  o  Ŀηκ ȣ Ű   α׷ εǾ
     ϴ ˾Ƴ   .

      ΰ κ  kerneld ϴµ ݵ ʿ ɵ̴.
         ϳ  Ǿ   ʴ´.

  2.   kerneld  ϱ ϴ°?

  kerneld ϴµ    ִ. ⼭ ϴ ͵
   츦  ̴. ٸ   ٸ   
  ̴.

  o   ݾ ٸ     ýۿ  Ŀ
      Ѵٸ -   ٸ  Ʈũ ī - ڴ 
     ý۸ ٸ Ŀ  ʿ ϳ Ŀ   
        ִ.

  o   ڵ    ׽Ʈ  ִ. ڴ Ư
     ̹  εϰų εϱ  ý Ʈ ʿ䰡
     .(̰ ܼ kerneld ε  Ӹ ƴ϶  ⿡
     ȴ)

  o  kerneld Ŀ ޸ 뷮 ٿش.  ٸ ø̼
     µ    ޸𸮸   ִ. Ŀ ϴ
     ޸𸮴

  o  *  ƿ(Swap Out,  : ڿ شٴ
     ǹ) ʴ´. ׷Ƿ  Ŀ     ʴ
     ̹ 100kb ޸𸮸 Ҵߴٸ ̰  RAM 
     ̴.

  o   ϴ  ͵ -   ftape ÷ 
     ̹ iBCS -   ·θ ̿  ִ. ׷ 
     Ź    ʿ  εϴ ŷο ް  ʴ.

  o      284 ٸ Ʈ ̹ 
     ; ʴ´.   ڽ  ϵ ʿ
     ̹ εϸ ȴ. ̷ ν   4.0
     ȴ.

      ڰ ̷  ϰ     ̴.
        ̹ Ե ϳ Ŀ ̹ ʿ 
     𸥴.  ̷ 쿡   д  ð  ̴.

  3.  ʿ ͵  ϴ°?

  Ŀο kerneld   Ŀ 1.3.57 ԵǾ. 
  ڰ ̰ͺ    Ŀ  ִµ kerneld
  ϰ ʹٸ Ŀ   Ѵ.   Ʈ Ŀ
  ҽ  ִ - ϸ  ֱ   2.0
  ׷̵ ϱ Ѵ.

  sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/v2.0/linux-2.0.29.tar.gz
  <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/v2.0/linux-2.0.29.tar.gz>

  tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/sources/system/v2.0/linux-2.0.29.tar.gz
  <ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/sources/system/v2.0/linux-2.0.29.tar.gz>

  funet.fi/pub/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/v2.0/linux-2.0.29.tar.gz
  <ftp://funet.fi/pub/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/v2.0/linux-2.0.29.tar.gz>

     modules-1.2.8  ο modules-2.0 Ű 
  Ǿ ִ. ̰͵  Ŀ ҽ  ҿ    Ʒ
   ̴.

  sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/v2.0/modules-2.0.0.tar.gz
  <ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/v2.0/modules-2.0.0.tar.gz>

  tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/sources/sbin/modules-2.0.0.tar.gz
  <ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/sources/sbin/modules-2.0.0.tar.gz>

  funet.fi/pub/Linux/tools/modules-2.0.0.tar.gz
  <ftp://funet.fi/pub/Linux/tools/modules-2.0.0.tar.gz>

  :  ڰ ֱ 2.1    ε 
  ̿ϰ  ֱ modutils-(modules-  ƴ϶) Ű ؾ
  Ѵ. ׷ Ʒ ִ 2.1 Ŀΰ    ߻ 
  ִ   Ȯؾ Ѵ.

  4.    ϴ°?

   ʿ ͵ Ѵ:   Ŀΰ ֽ  modules-
  utilities. ׸ modules-utilities νؾ Ѵ.  ۾ ſ
  ϴ. ҽ Ǭ  make install Ѵ. ̰ genksysm,
  insmod, lsmod, modprobe, depmod, kerneld  Ͽ /sbin
  νѴ.  ׸ ڰ  Ҷ ʿ ۾
  ̷ ŸƮ ũƮ ʿ  ߰ϴ  .
     /etc/rc.d/rc.S ( ) ̳
  /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit (, , Į  SysVinit
  ϴ ) ߰Ѵ.

          # Start kerneld - this should happen very early in the
          # boot process, certainly BEFORE you run fsck on filesystems
          # that might need to have disk drivers autoloaded
          if [ -x /sbin/kerneld ]
          then
                  /sbin/kerneld
          fi
          # Your standard fsck commands go here
          # And you mount command to mount the root fs read-write
          # Update kernel-module dependencies file
          # Your root-fs MUST be mounted read-write by now
          if [ -x /sbin/depmod ]
          then
                  /sbin/depmod -a
          fi

  ù° κ kerneld ڽ Ű ̴.  ι° κ
  Ҷ 'depmod -a' ȣѴ. depmod α׷   
   Ʈ  װ͵   мϿ  
  εǱ    εǾ ϴ ˰ ش.

   : ֱ  kerneld GNU dbm ̺귯, libgdbm ũϴ
   ɼ ´.  module-utilites Ҷ  
  ȰȭŲ  libgdbm  kerneld  ʴ´.  
  /usr ٸ Ƽ  ϰ /usr ƮǱ  kerneld
  ϴ ̴. ̷  /usr/lib libgdbm /lib űų
  kerneld  ũ  Ѵ.

  , Ŀ ҽ Ǯ configure ϰ Ŀ .  ̷
      ٸ Linux Ŀ ҽ Ʈ 丮 ִ
  README ݵ о Ѵ. make config    
     ￩ Ѵ.

  Enable loadable module support (CONFIG_MODULES) [Y/n/?] Y Loadable
  module support   kerneld ε   ȴ.
  ׷Ƿ Yes ؾ Ѵ.

  Kernel daemon support (CONFIG_KERNELD) [Y/n/?] Y ̰  ݵ
  ʿ ̴.  Ŀο    ִ پ ͵
  õ ̴.  

  Normal floppy disk support (CONFIG_BLK_DEV_FD) [M/n/y/?]  ⼭ M
  ϸ ش   ϵȴ. Ϲ ý ƮҶ
  ʿ ̽ - ϵũ ̹, Ʈ  ý 
  ̹ Ŀο ϸ ȴ.      ִ.
  Ѵ.   ̴. ̰ Ʈ ̹ δ ̳ LILO
  ġϴ   ϸ ȴ.

  Ŀ ϰ ϴ     ˰ 
  comp.os.linux.answers <http://comp.os.linux.answers> ֱ
  Ʈǰ sunsite.unc.edu /pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO Kernel-HOWTO
  Ѵ.

  ______________________________________________________________________
  <bf/kerneld  /
      ο Ŀη ƮѴ. ý ƮǸ 'ps -ax' Ͽ
        ִ  Ȯ .

      PID TTY STAT  TIME COMMAND
       59  ?  S     0:01 /sbin/kerneld

     kerneld ؼ   Ѱ ѹ ڰ Ŀ  
     ġ  ȯ漳ϴµ ٸ ۾ ʿ ʴ´ٴ ̴.
       Ϸ ϴ ̹ ϳ  . Ƹ
     ߰  ̵   ̴.  ÷ ̹  ϰ
     DOS ÷ ũ ̺꿡 ־.

     osiris:~ $ mdir a:
     Volume in drive A has no label
     Volume Serial Number is 2E2B-1102
     Directory for A:/
     binuti~1 gz       1942 02-14-1996  11:35a binutils-2.6.0.6-2.6.0.7.diff.gz
     libc-5~1 gz      24747 02-14-1996  11:35a libc-5.3.4-5.3.5.diff.gz
            2 file(s)        26689 bytes

     ÷ ̹ Ѵ. ̰ Ź ÷ ũ  
     kerneld  ڵ εȴ.
      ÷  εǾ ˾ƺ  /sbin/lsmod غ
      ε    ִ.

     osiris:~ $ /sbin/lsmod
     Module:        #pages:  Used by:
     floppy            11    0 (autoclean)

     "(autoclean)"   ̻   ڵ kerneld
      ŵȴٴ  ǹѴ. ׷Ƿ 11 ŭ ޸(
      4kB̹Ƿ  44kB)   ÷ ̺긦 Ҷ
     ȴٴ  ǹѴ.    ̻ ÷Ǹ  
     ÷ ̺ ⿡ Ҵ ޸𸮴 ȴ. ̷  
     ø̼ ޸    ſ ϴ.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  5.    ε  kerneld  ϴ°?

    ⿡ ؼ kerneld   ְ δ
  kerneld Ŀ û   óؾϴ    ִ.
  Ѱ ̻  ϴ CD-ROM ̹ Ʈũ ̹
  ̷  ̴.

  Ŀηκ kerneld 󿡰 ޵Ǵ 䱸   ϳ̴.

  o   ̽ ̹(a block-device driver)

  o   ̽ ̹(a character-device driver)

  o  ̳ʸ (a binary format)

  o  tty line discipline

  o   ý(a filesystem)

  o  Ʈũ ̽(a network device)

  o  Ʈũ (a network service (e.g. rarp))

  o  Ʈũ (a network protocol (e.g. IPX))

     kerneld   εǾ ϴ /etc/conf.modules 
     ˻ ؼ Ѵ. ⿡ ΰ ׸ ִµ θ(ε
       ִ ) (alias: ε  ̸) װ̴.
         ʴ´ٸ     ִ.

  /sbin/modprobe -c | grep -v '^path' >/etc/conf.modules  ⺻
  н ٸ н ߰Ϸ, ߰Ϸ н Ӹ ƴ϶  ⺻
  н ߰ؾ Ѵ. ̰ /etc/conf.modules н modprobe
  ˰ ִ ⺻ н  üϱ ̴.  밳 ڴ ̷
  θ   Էϰ ; ʰ  ̷ ۾
  ̷ ٶ ̴.

  alias ٸ ɼ  ߰ϰ ʹٸ /etc/conf.modules ߰
   modprobe ̹ ˰ ִ Ϳ ߰ ̴.  ڰ
  alias ɼ Ͽٸ, /etc/conf.modules  ⺻ 
   ̴.

   ̽(Block devices)

  ______________________________________________________________________
     '/sbin/modprobe -c' ϸ kerneld ˰ ִ  ϰ 
     ȣ ̰Ͱ Ǿ ִ ǥõȴ.   ÷ ̹
     εϵ ϴ ȣ  ȣ 2   ̴̽.
     osiris:~ $ /sbin/modprobe -c | grep floppy
     alias block-major-2 floppy
        ȣ 2ϱ?   /dev/fd* ÷ ̽ 
     ȣ 2 ϰ  ̱̽ ̴.
     osiris:~ $ ls -l /dev/fd0 /dev/fd1
     brw-rw-rw-   1 root     root       2,   0 Mar  3  1995 /dev/fd0
     brw-r--r--   1 root     root       2,   1 Mar  3  1995 /dev/fd1
  ______________________________________________________________________

   ĳ ̽(Character devices)

  ______________________________________________________________________
     ĳ ̽   óȴ.   ftape ÷ ̹
       ȣ 27 ´.

     osiris:~ $ ls -lL /dev/ftape
     crw-rw----   1 root     disk      27,   0 Jul 18  1994 /dev/ftape
     ׷ ⺻ kerneld ftape ̹  Ѵ. ̰
     '/sbin/modprobe -c'  Ͽ  ʴ.

     ׷Ƿ kerneld ftape ̹ εϵ Ϸ /etc/conf.modules
        ߰ؾ Ѵ.
     alias char-major-27 ftape
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Ʈũ ̽(Network devices)

  ______________________________________________________________________
     ڴ 'char-major-xxx'  'block-major-yyy'   ̽
     ̸   ִ. ̰  Ʈũ ̽ Ư ϴ.
       eth0 ϴ ne2000 Ʈũ ī   
     ε  ִ.

     alias eth0 ne
       ɼ ڷ ѱ -   Ʈũ ī尡 
     IRQ  - 'options' ߰Ѵ.

     options ne irq=5
     ̰ kerneld NE2000 ̹   εϵ Ѵ.

     /sbin/modprobe ne irq=5
       ɼ ڰ εϷ ⿡Ը ȴ.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ̳ʸ (Binary formats)

  ______________________________________________________________________
     ̳ʸ     óȴ. ڰ kerneld 
     ε  𸣴 α׷   kerneld 'binfmt-xxx' 
     䱸Ѵ. ̶ xxx ̳ʸ  ù°  Ʈκ Ǵ 
     ̴. ׷Ƿ ZMAGIC (a.out) ̳ʸ   binfmt_aout εϱ
      kerneld 

     alias binfmt-267 binfmt_aout
     ZMAGIC Ͽ   ѹ(/etc/magic ) 267̴.(/etc/magic 
      ڰ 0413 ǥõǾ  ̴. ׷ ̰ kerneld 8
     ϱ ̰, 8 413 10 267̴. a.out  Ͽ ؼ
     ݾ ٸ 3  Ѵ. ׷Ƿ ̰͵ θ ϴ
     binfmt_aout εϷ

     alias binfmt-264 binfmt_aout  # pure executable (NMAGIC)
     alias binfmt-267 binfmt_aout  # demand-paged executable (ZMAGIC)
     alias binfmt-204 binfmt_aout  # demand-paged executable (QMAGIC)
     a.out, Java ׸ iBCS   kerneld  ڵ νĵǹǷ
     Ư  ʿ.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Line disciplines (slip, cslip and ppp)

  ______________________________________________________________________
     Line disciplines "tty-ldisc-x"  ûǴµ ̶ 'x' 밳 1
     (SLIP) ̰ų 3 (PPP)̴.  ΰ  kerneld  ڵ
     νĵȴ.

     PPP  ppp  bsd_comp    εϰ  
        /etc/conf.modules ߰ؾ Ѵ.
     alias tty-ldisc-3 bsd_comp
     alias ppp0 bsd_comp
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Ʈũ  йи (IPX, AppleTalk, AX.25)

  ______________________________________________________________________
      Ʈũ    ε  ִ. Ŀ "net-pf-X"
       kerneld  йи  ûѴ. ̶ X
     ϰ ϴ йи ǥϴ ȣ̴.   net-pf-3 AX.25
     ̰, net-pf-4 IPX ׸ net-pf-5 AppleTalk̴.( ȣ
      ҽ  include/linux/socket.h  ǵ AF_AX25, AF_IPX 
      ȴ. ( : ͳݿ  Ǵ IP ݰ 2 ̴)
     ׷Ƿ IPX  ڵ εϷ   
     /etc/conf.modules Էؾ Ѵ.

     alias net-pf-4 ipx

     ! Ȯ !
      Ʒ   Ҷ ǵ   йи õ
      ޽ ߻   óϴ  ˾ƺ.
  ______________________________________________________________________

   ý

  ______________________________________________________________________
      ýۿ  kerneld ȣ  ý Ÿ ̸̴. 
     "iso9660"  ý Ÿ  CD-ROM  ýۿ  isofs 
     εϷ Ʒ  Ѵ.

     alias iso9660 isofs
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Ư  ʿϴ ̽

  ______________________________________________________________________

      ̽ alias ؼ ̽    .
  <itemize>
  <item> major 10  ĳ ̽
  <item> SCSI ̽
  <item>Ư ʱȭ ʿϴ ̽
  <itemize>
  ______________________________________________________________________

  char-major-10 : Mice, watchdogs and randomness ϵ ̽
  밳  ̽ ȣ  ȴ.   ftape char-
  major-27 ̴. ׷ /dev   ĳ  ȣ 10 
  ׸   ִµ ̰ ſ پ ̽  ȴ.

  o  پ  콺(bus mice, PS/2 mice)

  o  Watchdog devices

  o  The kernel 'random' device

  o  APM (Advanced Power Management) interface

     и ̷ ̽ ϳ ƴ  ٸ ⿡ 
     ȴ.  ׷Ƿ ̰͵鿡  kerneld   ȣ
     ̳ ȣ ؾ Ѵ.

  alias char-major-10-1 psaux     # For PS/2 mouse alias char-
  major-10-130 wdt     # For WDT watchdog

  ̰ ϱ ؼ Ŀ  1.3.82̻̾ Ѵ. 
   kerneld  ̳ ȣ Ѱ ʾ kerneld 
  ̽  ε  Ѵ.
   ̹ εϱ: scsi_hostadpater ׸

  ______________________________________________________________________
     SCSI ̽  ̹ SCSI ȣƮ (  Adaptec 1542)
      ڰ ϴ SCSI ̽ Ÿ -   ϵ ũ, CD-ROM
     ׸  ̺ -   ̹ ȴ.   ͵ 
     ε  ִ. ׷   Adaptec card  CD-ROM 
       Ŀΰ kerneld SCSI CD-ROM ϱ  sr_mod  εؾ
     Ѵٴ ͸ ˰ CD-ROM  SCSI Ʈѷ ؼ 𸥴. ׷Ƿ
     SCSI Ʈѷ ϴ   εؾ   𸥴.
     ̷  ذϷ /etc/conf.modules SCSI ̹ ׸񿡼
     پ SCSI Ʈѷ ߿   kerneld εؾ  Ѵ.

          alias scd0 sr_mod               # sr_mod for SCSI CD-ROM's ...
          alias scsi_hostadapter aha1542  # ... need the Adaptec driver

     ̷  Ŀ 1.3.82 ̻  ϴ.
       ۾  ϳ SCSI Ʈѷ   Ѵ. 
     ϳ ̻ Ʈѷ ִٸ    ۾ ؾ Ѵ.
     Ϲ ٸ ȣƮ Ϳ  ̹ ġǾ ִٸ kerneld
     SCSI ȣƮ Ϳ  ̹ ε  . - ݵ ΰ 
     ̹ Ŀο ԽŰ( ƴ϶)   εؾ Ѵ.
     ׷ kerneld  SCSI ̹ εϵ ϴ  ִ.
     Ʒ  James Tsiao ̵̴.:

     kerneld ι° SCSI ̹ εϵ Ϸ modules.dep 
     Ͽ   ȴ.  Ʒ  ϸ ȴ.
        /lib/modules/2.0.30/scsi/st.o: /lib/modules/2.0.30/scsi/aha1542.o
     kerneld st.o εϱ  aha1542.o ε ̴.  ִ
      ǻͿ    ְ ̰  CD-ROM ׸ Ϲ
     SCSI ̽(generic scsi devices)  Ѵ. ̶ 
     'depmod -a'     ˻ ϹǷ ڰ  ߰ϰ,
     Ҷ 'depmod -a' ؼ ȵȴٴ ̴. ׷ ѹ  Ǹ
     kerneld ڵ aha1542.o εѴ.

       ؾ   ̷   ٸ   Ʈѷ ٸ
     SCSI ̽  Ѵٴ ̴.   Ѱ Ʈѷ
     ϵ ũ ְ, ٸ Ʈѷ CD-ROM ̺곪  Ȥ
     Ϲ SCSI ̽ ִ ̴.
  ______________________________________________________________________

   εϴ ͸   : ġ  ׸(The 'post-
  install' entry)

  ______________________________________________________________________
       εϴ ͸ε    ִ.  
      ϵ  ī尡 , ʱⰪ Ҹ ϴ 
     Ѵ. ̶     εɶ ٴ ̴.
      Ben Galliart(<url url="mailto: bgallia@luc.edu" name="bgallia@luc.edu" >) ˷ ذ̴:
       setmix-0.1 Ű (<url url="http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps
     /sound/mixers/setmix-0.1.tar.gz" name="sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps
     /sound/mixers/setmix-0.1.tar.gz"  >)  ġϴ ̴.

     ׸    /etc/conf.modules ߰Ѵ:

         post-install sound /usr/local/bin/setmix -f /etc/volume.conf

     ̰   ε  kerneld "post-install sound" 
     ɾ Ų. ׷Ƿ   '/usr/local/bin/setmix -f
     /etc/volume.conf' κ Ҹ   ȴ.

     ̷  tunelp α׷ ȯ  ؾϴ lp  
     ٸ ⿡ Ѵ.

          post-install lp tunelp <options>

     kerneld ̷ ɼ νϷ 1.3.69f     kerneld
     ʿϴ.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  :   mini-HOWTO  kerneld  ϱ 
  Ű "pre-remove"  ɾ  ϰ ִ. ׷
  ̰    ʾ,  kerneld  ŵ 
  ȴ.   õ  ̽  ̰  
  аԵǴ  ̹  ȭ Ͼ ̴.

  6.  kerneld ۾ 

     õغҴµ Ŀ kerneld 䱸ϴ ۾
   𸦶, kerneld ޴ ȣ Ȯ   ִ. 
   /etc/conf.modules   ־ ϴ   ְ ȴ. ̶
  ϴ  kdstat ƿƼ̴.

    α׷  Ű ԵǾ  ⺻
  ϵǰų ġ ʴ´. ̰ Ϸ

  cd /usr/src/modules-2.0.0/kerneld make kdstat

   kerneld   ۾ ̷ ִ ȭ鿡 ǥϵ Ϸ
  kdstat debug Ų. ׷ kerneld ֿܼ   
  Ͼ ִ ޽ ǥѴ. ̶ ڰ ϰ ;ϴ
  ɾ Ű kerneld request    ̴.  ̰
  /etc/conf.modules ߰ϰ ⿡  alias Ѵ.  
   '/sbin/kdstat nodebug' Ų.

  7.  kerneld Ư 

    ũ̹  ϴ  ˰ ; ̴.
   Ű 'kerneld/GOODIES' 丮 ũ̹  Ŀ
  ġ ϰ ִ. ̰͵  Ŀ Ϻδ ƴϴ. ׷Ƿ
  ڰ  Ŀ ġϰ Ŀ ؾ Ѵ.

  ġ ġϷ "patch" ɾ Ѵ.

  cd /usr/src/linux patch -s -p1
  </usr/src/modules-2.0.0/kerneld/GOODIES/blanker_patch

  ׸ ο Ŀ ٽ   ġѴ.  ũ ̹ η
  ٲ kerneld "/sbin/screenblanker" Ų.   
  ڰ ϴ ũ ̹ ۽Ű ũƮ̴.  Ŀ
  ũ ̹  ߷ /sbin/screenblanker 
  μ SIGQUIT ñ׳ . ڰ   ũƮ
  ũ̹ ̰   ؾ Ѵ. ̶  ؽƮ 
  ؾ Ѵٴ  ؾ Ѵ.

  8.   ߻ϴ 

   ifconfig  "Cannot locate module for net-pf-X"
  ޽ ǥõǴ°?

  ______________________________________________________________________
     Ŀ 1.3.80 Ʈŷ ڵ  йи(  AX.25
     AppleTalk)  ε  ֵ Ǿ. ̸  ο kerneld
     request: net-pf-X ߰Ǿ.(̶ X  Ű ȣ,  ȣ
      ˷ /usr/src/linux/include/linux/socket.h Ȯ )
     ϰԵ ifconfig   ޽ ƮŽ   ý
     Ҷ loopback ̽ ϱ  ifconfig ų ̷
     ޽  ȴ.   ޽    ƴϰ  
       /etc/conf.modules ߰Ͽ ޽ Ÿ ʰ   ִ.

          alias net-pf-3 off      # Forget AX.25
          alias net-pf-4 off      # Forget IPX
          alias net-pf-5 off      # Forget AppleTalk

      IPX  ϰ Ѵٸ    ߰ؼ ȵȴ.
    kerneld   ppp  ȰȭŰ ǻͰ ڱ .
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ̷ 뿡     ־. ̴ kerneld tkPPP ũƮ
  ̿   Ͼ  ȴ. tkPPP ũƮ 
  ýۿ PPP  ϰ ͸ϴµ Ǵµ  ũƮ
  ifconfig ϴ   . ̰ kerneld Ͽ net-pf-X
   ã ϰ, ý ε带   ý۷α׿ "Cannot
  locate module for net-pf-X" ޽ Ƴ Ѵ. 
  tkPPP  ʰų ٸ  PPP  ͸ϵ ϴ
   ۿ .

  kerneld SCSI ̹ ε ʴ´.

  ______________________________________________________________________
     /etc/conf.modules SCSI ȣƮ͸ ߰Ѵ.   ʿ ִ
     scsi_hostadapter   Ȯ .

    modprobe "gcc2_compiled" ǵǾ  ʴٰ Ÿ.

  ______________________________________________________________________

  ̰ 2.6.0.9   binutils  module-utilities
   ̴. ׸ ̷  binutils  releasenote ȭǾ
  ִ.    о  . Ȥ modules-2.0.0   ׸
  ģ module-utilities ׷̵Ѵ.

   ̹    ڲ ؾ.

  ______________________________________________________________________
     ⿡    εɶ  ü ȴ. ׷Ƿ kerneld
       ڵ εϸ ڰ   ư 
       εϸ ⺻ ȴ.
     ̷  ذϱ   ڵ ε  α׷ 
       ٲٵ   ִ.   "post-install" ׸ о.

    DOSEMU   ʿ ϴµ kerneld ̰͵  εϵ
    ϴ°?
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ̰ Ұϴ.  dosemu  -  ̰ ߹̰-
  kerneld  dosemu  εϴ   ʴ´. ׷
   2.0.26̳   Ŀ ϰ ִٸ  ̻  dosemu
   ʿ ʴ.  dosemu 0.66.1 ׷̵ϸ ȴ.

   "Ouch, kerneld timed out, message failed"  ޽
  µǴ°?

  ______________________________________________________________________
     Ŀ kerneld  ȣ(request)  1   ȣ
     (Acknowledgement)   Ѵ.  kerneld   ȣ
      Ѵٸ  ޽ αϿ ϵȴ. Ŀ ȣ(request)
     ٽ  ̰ ᱹ ذ  ̴.

     ̰ 밳 ýۿ ε尡   Ͼ. ̰ kerneld  
     μ̱  ý ٸ μó 층ȴ. ׷Ƿ ε尡
     Ҷ kerneld Ÿ ƿ Ǳ  Ŀο  ȣ(acknowledgement)
          ִ.

      ε尡    ̷  ߻ϸ kerneld ٽ  .
     (kerneld μ Ű /usr/sbin/kerneld  ٽ Ų)
        ߻Ѵٸ <url url="mailto: linux-kernel@vger.rutgers.edu" name=" linux-kernel@vger.rutgers.edu" >  .
     ̶  ϱ  kernel kerneld ֽ  Ȯؾ
     Ѵ.

    kerneld  ý  εҶ mount ٸ ʴ´.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  mount(8) ɾ kerneld Ͻý  ε  ٸ
  ʴ ٴ  ־. lsmod kerneld  εߴٰ  ,
  mount ݺϸ Ʈ    ̴. ̰ module-utilities
  1.3.69f   ׷ ̴µ ̰ Debian ڿ 
  ģ. ֽ  module-utilities ϸ  ذ 
  ִ.

  kerneld ncpfs  ε Ѵ.

  ______________________________________________________________________
     ncpfs ƿƼ Ҷ ݵ -DHAVE_KERNELDɼ ־ Ѵ.
     ncpfs Makefile 캻.

    kerneld smbfs  ε Ѵ.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Ƹ smbmount ƿƼ    ̴. ֽ
  (0.10̳  )  Ѵ.

  tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/filesystems/smbfs/
  <ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/filesystems/smbfs/>

      ߴµ ý õ ʴ´.  kerneld
    ý  ε Ѵ.      
  . Ŀ Ʈ  ý Ʈ  ֵ  ̹
   ־ ϰ kerneld Űµ ʿ α׷ 
  ־ Ѵ. ׷Ƿ   ͵    .

  o  Ʈ  ý ִ ϵũ ̹

  o    ý ̹

  o  nit  binary foramt loader, kerneld ׸ ٸ α׷

     [     ƴϴ. 1.3.x    2.x 
     Ŀ initial ram-disk LILO LOADLIN  ε  ֵ
     ϰ, Ʈ    "ũ" ε  ִ. ڼ
      Ŀ ҽ Documentation/initrd.txt Ͽ   ִ.]

  kerneld ƮҶ ε ʰ libgdbm  Ѵ.

  ο  kerneld ϴµ GNU dbm ̺귯 libgdbm.so
  䱸Ѵ.  밳 /usr/lib   ġ Ȥó /usr 
  ý εϱ  kerneld ų  ִ.   kerneld
  ƮҶ  , ý õ  ڰ  kerneld
  ѵ .  ذ  /usr  Ʈ  kerneld ŸƮ
   űų gdbm ̺귯  Ʈ  ý -   /lib -
   ű.

  "Cannot load module xxx" ޽ ǥõ, Ŀ Ҷ
  xxx ԽŰ ʾҴ.

  ______________________________________________________________________
     (Ȥ ٸ ) پ ⿡  /etc/rc.d/rc.modules
     modprobe Ų. ̶   modprobe ΰ  Ŀ 
     . ׷Ƿ Ŀ 缳ϸ鼭 rc.modules Ե  
     ġϿٸ  ߻Ű ȴ. ׷Ƿ rc.modules  ʴ
      ּ ٲٰ,  ߰  ּ ǥø Ͽ kerneld
     ʿ       ֵ Ѵ.

    Ŀΰ  ٽ Ͽµ  Ҷ unresolved symbols
    ޽ ǥõȴ.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Ƹ ڴ Ŀ 缳ϰ ٽ Ͽ   ܽ
  ̴.    ̻  ʴ  /lib/modules 丮
   ְ ȴ. ̷  ذϴ    /lib/mod
  ules/x.y.z 丮  Ŀ ҽ 丮 'make mod
  ules_install' ٽ ϴ ̴. ̶  ٲ ʰ Ŀ
  缳  ߻Ѵ.   ο Ŀ  ٲپ
  ̷  ٸ,  ٸ   ߻ ̴.

   Ŀ 2.1 ġߴµ  ε ʴ´.

  ______________________________________________________________________
      Ŀ 2.1   Ŀ ̴. ׷Ƿ  ͵ ÷
      ̴.  ũ ٲ  ϳ  óϴ  Ŀΰ
      ޸𸮿 εǴ ̴.  Richard Henderson  Ŀ
      å ִ.
     ؼ ڸ,  Ŀ 2.1   ϰ ʹٸ ݵ

       * ýۿ ׷̵ؾ Ű  Documentation/Changes 
          д´.

       * ֽ modutils Ű Ѵ. Ʒ    ִ.

         <url url="ftp://ftp.redhat.com/pub/alphabits/ or the mirror site at" name="ftp.redhat.com/pub/alphabits/ or the mirror site at" >
         <url url="ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/alphabits/" name="tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/alphabits/" >

      Ŀ 2.1  Ŀο  ϰ ʹٸ ּ 2.1.19 
     Ŀ   Ѵ.

    Dial-on-demand Ʈŷ ?
  ______________________________________________________________________

  kerneld  on demand ̾  Ʈũ ϵ Ǿ ִ:
    Ȳ Ʈũ Ŷ  kerneld PPP SLIP
     /sbin/request_route ũƮ Ų.  ̷
   ׸  ̵ ƴ϶ .  Ʈŷ
  ϰ ִ Alan Cox  Ŀ ϸ Ʈ   .
  Request-route   ̰ ̹  ̾ Ŀ 2.1.x
  뿡  ŵǾ.

  request-route ũƮ kerneld ϴ 
  www.dna.lth.se/~erics/diald.html
  <http://www.dna.lth.se/~erics/diald.html>    ִ Eric
  Schenk's diald Ű ġ  Ѵ.

  Copyright Messages

  ______________________________________________________________________

     This document is Copyright (c) Henrik Storner, 1996, 1997.
     Unless otherwise stated, Linux HOWTO documents are copyrighted by
     their respective authors. Linux HOWTO documents may be reproduced and
     distributed in whole or in part, in any medium physical or electronic,
     as long as this copyright notice is retained on all copies. Commercial
     redistribution is allowed and encouraged; however, the author would
     like to be notified of any such distributions.
     All translations, derivative works, or aggregate works incorporating
     any Linux HOWTO documents must be covered under this copyright notice.
     That is, you may not produce a derivative work from a HOWTO and impose
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     may be granted under certain conditions; please contact the Linux
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     In short, we wish to promote dissemination of this information through
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     on the HOWTO documents, and would like to be notified of any plans to
     redistribute the HOWTOs.
     If you have questions, please contact Greg Hankins, the Linux HOWTO
     coordinator, at <url url="mailto: gregh@sunsite.unc.edu" name="gregh@sunsite.unc.edu" > via email.
  ______________________________________________________________________

