  Cluster Quick Start

  Douglas Eadlinedeadline@plogic.com
  1999 2 2
   yooseong@kldp.org

    , Ŭ͸ ۵Űµ Ϲ ˷ 
   ϰ ִ.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  1. 
     1.1 켱 о :

  2. :
     2.1 ŬͿ ũ̼ Ʈ  ٸ?
     2.2 Ϲ ¾
     2.3 䱸

  3. ϵ 
     3.1 Ʈ ̽ ī(Network Interface Cards):
     3.2 ּҺο:
     3.3 Ʈ : Ŭ ϳ 尡 LAN  Ʈ ̱⿡   ΰ NIC ؾѴ. ϳ NIC 192.168.x.x  ּҰ οǰ, ٸ ϳ  ȣƮ IP ּҸ  ־Ѵ.  Ʈ  ̿ Ʈ̿   ִ. (, ϼ  ϴ.)
     3.4 ġ :
     3.5  :

  4. Ȱ:
     4.1 .rhosts VS hosts.equiv
     4.2 root rlogin 
     4.3 root telnet 
     4.4 root ftp 

  5. Sample ȣƮ 
  6.    ý
     6.1  忡 /home 丮 Ʈ
     6.2   ߰

  7. : CMS
  8. Ϸ:
  9. Ųٷ̵
     9.1 PVM VS MPI

  10. ȯ Ʈ:
  11. Sample .cshrc
  12. ġŷ ý ׽Ʈ
     12.1 Ʈ ս: netperf
     12.2 Ʈ ս: netpipe
     12.3  ս: NASA  ġũ

  13. ̴ ä :
  14. LAMԹ:
     14.1 LAM  
     14.2  ۵ϴ Ȯ:
     14.3 LAM :
     14.4 α׷ :

  15.  ð 
  16. NIC  ġ 
  17. BEOWULF FAQ

  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  

    GPL(GNU PUBLIC LICENCE) Version 2(1991)   
  ִ.  ̼(license)  
  <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html>   ִ.

  Copyright (C) 1999 Paralogic, Inc., 115 Bethlehem PA, 18015 (
  <http://www.plogic.com>)

  1.1.  켱 о :

  ֱ  ÷  Ʈ Ȯغñ ٶϴ.
  <http://www.xtreme-machines.com/x-cluster-qs.html>

     ӽ(machine) ⺻   5.2̻
   ȴٰ Ѵ.   ý۵ ڽ ϵ ̺꿡 
  Ǹ Ŭ Ʈũ ϴ ġ   ̴
  Ʈũ Ǿִ. ӽŵ ϳ LAN(Local Area Network)
  Ʈ μ Ǿ ִ.  ý Ű  ٸ
  (diskless  ڽ)    ̷ 
  ԽŰ ʴ´.

  Ŭ͸ ϴ    ⼭ Ѱ  
   ̴. ̹ ġ , Ŭ ۵  
   ʿ ̴.   ŬͰ ٸ  ֱ 
  Ŭ͸   ʴ Ѵٴ  ſ   ̴.

  и      ٷ ߱    
  ǹ  deadline@plogic.com <mailto:deadline@plogic.com>
  ˷ֱ ٶ.  ׷   ش  ޺κ FAQ
   ̴.  Ŀ ϰ ϴ ,  ϵ ,
   Installation  ϵ   ٷ  ̴.

   ּ̳   ȯ̸ cluster quick start 
  Ǽ ּ ֱٶ.  i

   Extreme Linux CD Ǿ  CD ִ ۾ 
    ʾҴ.

  ٸ ߿   Beowulf-HOWTO ϱ ٶ.  
  Beowulf mailing list  (
  <http://www.beowulf.org/listarchives/beowulf/>)   Ȯ
   ִ.

  , 츮   ޵  Ʈ  RPM
  غ ȹ  ִ.

   Beowulf cluster ϴ   ׳ ڽ ӽŵ
   cluter Ų  < http://www.xtreme-machines.com>
  ϱ ٶ.  (,    ׵ а   ʿ
  ٴ  ߱.)

  2.  :

  2.1.  ŬͿ ũ̼ Ʈ  ٸ?

  й  , ֵ  , Ʈ, ,
  ð,  ý̴. ֱ    ȼ
  ϰ ִ.  ̷ ȹ Ŭ ǻÿ  ְ
  ǰ ִ.

  Ʈ MPI(: Message Passing Interface  
  Ŭ ǻÿ ʿ  ϰ ޴µ Ǵ
  Ʈ ǥȭ Ǿ.) PVM(: Parallel Virtual
  Machine ڷ MPI   ϳ  ǥȭ  .)
   Message Passing ý ϰ ִ.

   Ŭ ȯ濡 ̷     ϳ CPU
  ۵ ̸ Ư  ڵ ȯ ٸ APACHE MySQL 
    CPU ų   ̴.

   Ŭ͸ ϴ  ־  ,  32 带
  Ű ð   ִ.  Ϻκ ϳ
  ŬͰ  ȭŰ ̴. root ̿ ٸ ӽſ
  rlogin Ѵٴ  Ŭͻ¿  ߿ , ܺη
  ִ Ʈ     ȴ.

  diskless booting  ŷ  ,  ȣƮ ڽ
  ϵ ̺긦 ýŰ  ܷ̿ ؾ  .  ⼭
  ̷ diskless booting ϱ Ѵ.

  , Ͻý ۵ ؾϸ ּ  尣 /home
  丮 ؾѴ. ٸ  ý ϴ  䱸
     ִ.

  2.2.  Ϲ ¾

  տ ߴ Ͱ ,   ſ ܼ  Ѵ.
  Ŭʹ ΰ Ȥ  ̻  ڽ Ǿ ְ ̷
  ڽ  ̴ ġ Ǿ ִ.(긦 ̿  
   .)  ϳ  LAN  Ǿִ Ʈ̷
  ȴ. ׷ Ʈ   "α " Ҹ
  Ű , 콺 ִ.  ٸ 
  "Ӹ(headless)" , Ű , 콺   ʰ 
  "ǻ " Ҹ.   ̾ ׷ Ϲ ¾¸
    ִ.

              ---------------------
              |      SWITCH       |
              --------------------
               |  |   |   |
    -----------|  |   |   |     (gateway)
    |    ---------||--|   |------| |-----------LAN----->
    |    |         |             | |
  node4 node3   node2          node1-----------|----------|
                       (HOST NODE;login node)  |          |
                                               |          |
                                          -----------   |---|
                                          |ooooooooo|   |   |
                                          |ooooooooo|   -----
                                          -----------
                                       Keyboard/Mouse/Monitor

  2.3.  䱸

  Ŭ͸  ͸ϴµ    䱸ȴ.
  ̷     Ѿ⶧ ٷ ʴ´.
  ⺻ Ʈŷ  , ּҺο, , Ŀ, ̴
  ̹, NSF, Ű ġ, ϰ  ͵  
  ʿ ̴. ̷ 鿡 ؼ LDP (Linux Docu mentation
  Project  <http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP>) ʿ ڷḦ   
  ̴.(:   <http://kldp.org>  ڷ  
  ִ.)  Beowulf HOWTO  
  <http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Beowulf-HOWTO>   ִ.

  3.  ϵ 

  Ϲ   Ŭ͸ ϰ ϴµ ʿ ϵ 
   븸 Ѵ.

  3.1.  Ʈ ̽ ī(Network Interface Cards):

  ֻ   Intel Ǵ DEC tulip (2114X) NIC ؾ
  Ѵ. ̷ NIC "̾ ǵ" Ѵ. ̹ 
  tulip NIC Ư ߿ϴ.

  Linux-Tulip  ؼ "
  <http://maximus.bmen.tulane.edu/~siekas/tulip.html>  ǥ tulip
  ̹ ֽŹ ġϴ    ִ. Don Becker Linux
  DEC "Tulip Chip"       ִ.(
  <http://cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov/linux/drivers/tulip.html> )

  3.2.  ּҺο:

  Ŭ 尣  IP ּҸ οؾ߸ ϴµ  ּҴ
  ܺο  Ǿ ƾѴ. ׸Ͽ 192.168.x.x 
  ּҰ οǾѴ.

  3.3.  Ʈ : Ŭ ϳ 尡 LAN 
  Ʈ ̱⿡   ΰ NIC ؾѴ. ϳ
  NIC 192.168.x.x  ּҰ οǰ, ٸ ϳ  ȣƮ IP
  ּҸ  ־Ѵ.  Ʈ  ̿ Ʈ̿ 
   ִ. (, ϼ  ϴ.)

  3.4.  ġ :

  κ ġ IPּҰ οǸ ġ telnet ̿ؼ 
  Ѵ.   192.168.0.1, 192.168.0.2,... ּҰ οǾٸ
  ġ 192.168.0.254  ּҸ   ִ. ġ ݵ
   Ȯ ¸  ־ ȵǸ  Ʈ 100Tx-Full
  Duplex ;Ѵ.  ̷ 찡 ƴ϶ NIC ġ 
   ۵ϰ ִ Ȯ ʿ䰡 ִ.

  3.5.   :

  δ   忡 Ϳ Ű带 ̿,   ʿ䰡
  ְų ׷    Ϳ Ű带 ̿Ͽ ϰ
  ϴ 忡  Ѵ.  ٸ δ KVM (Keyboard Video Mouse)
  ̽ Ͽ Ѱ Ű 콺, ͸  尣 
     ִ. push ư̳ hot-key ̿ ӽŵ鰣 ̵
     ذ  ִ.

  4.  Ȱ:

  Ȼ ȭ  Ʈ 忡 ̷  ǰѴ.
  ̷ ν Ʈ   ȴ.

  4.1.  .rhosts VS hosts.equiv

  ŬͰ н带 ϴ  ΰ ִ.
  /etc/hosts.equiv Ͽ Է ϰų home 丮  
  .rhosts  ̴.

  .rhosts      ϳ ֱ  ȣ
  Ǵ ̴. /etc/hosts.equiv Ŭ  帶 Ǿ
  ϸ ̴ ο  ų    忡 
    ȴ.

  .rhosts    :

  #.rhost file for coyote cluster
  # must be read/writable by user only!
  coyote1
  coyote2
  coyote3
  coyote4

  hosts.equiv    .

  #hosts.equiv file for coyote cluster
  #node name       user name
  coyote1          deadline
  coyote2          deadline
  coyote3          deadline
  coyote4          deadline
  coyote1          wgates
  coyote2          wgates
  coyote3          wgates
  coyote4          wgates
  coyote5          wgates

  4.2.  root rlogin 

  root rlogin ̿ Ŭ  忡 ϱ , .rhosts
     root 丮 ÷ؾѴ. .rhosts 
  ŬͿ ִ   ؾѴ. ߿: .rhosts 
  ڸ а   ־ Ѵ. ("chmod go-rwx .rhosts" : 
  group other .rhosts а   ϵ Ѵ.)̷
   ݵ Ʈ 忡 ̷  ʾ  Ѵ. (:
  Ȼ  )

  ٿ, /etc/pam.d/rlogin Ͽ ó  ٲپ ش.:

  #orginal /etc/pam.d/rlogin
  auth     required       /lib/security/pam_securetty.so
  auth     sufficient     /lib/security/pam_rhosts_auth.so
  auth     required       /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so shadow nullock
  auth     required       /lib/security/pam_nologin.so
  account  required       /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so
  password required       /lib/security/pam_cracklib.so
  password required       /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so shadow nullock
                                                     use_authtok
  session  required       /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so

  #first two lines are swapped /etc/pam.d/rlogin
  auth     sufficient     /lib/security/pam_rhosts_auth.so
  auth     required       /lib/security/pam_securetty.so
  auth     required       /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so shadow nullock
  auth     required       /lib/security/pam_nologin.so
  account  required       /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so
  password required       /lib/security/pam_cracklib.so
  password required       /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so shadow nullock
                                                     use_authtok
  session  required       /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so

  4.3.  root telnet 

  Ʈ 带   忡 /etc/securetty Ͽ  
   ÷Ѵ:

  ttyp0
  ttyp1
  ttyp2
  ttyp3
  ttyp4

  ̷ ȭ remote telnet ̿ Ŭͳ    
  ϴ ̴.

  4.4.  root ftp 

  root ftp  ʿ ý , /etc/ftpusers Ͽ 
   root κп ּ ܴ.

  #Comment out root to allow other systems ftp access as root
  #root
  bin
  daemon
  adm
  lp
  sync
  shutdown
  halt
  mail
  news
  uucp
  operator
  games
  nobody

  5.  Sample ȣƮ 

   ּҰ ִ ġ  8 Ŭ /etc/hosts  
   /etc/hosts  sample̴.   Ȯ IP ּҸ   ְ
   ġǾ ְų Ʈ  Ǿ ִٰ Ѵ.

  #sample /etc/hosts
  127.0.0.1       localhost       localhost.cluster
  192.168.0.1     node1           node1.cluster
  192.168.0.2     node2           node2.cluster
  192.168.0.3     node3           node3.cluster
  192.168.0.4     node4           node4.cluster
  192.168.0.5     node5           node5.cluster
  192.168.0.6     node6           node6.cluster
  192.168.0.7     node7           node7.cluster
  192.168.0.8     node8           node8.cluster
  192.168.0.254   switch

  6.     ý

   ڴ  忡   ־Ѵ. ȿ  
  ȣƮ κ /home  忡 NSF ̿ Ʈ Ǿ ִ.

  6.1.   忡 /home 丮 Ʈ

  /home 丮  忡 Ʈ Ǵ  . ȣƮ 带 
    /home  ͵  Ѵ. (̴ 忡 ڸ
  ÷ؼ ȵȴٴ ǹ̴.)

  /home ÷ϱ ؼ   /etc/fstab  
  ԷϿش.( ȣƮ  ܵȴ.)

  hostnode:/home          /home   nfs     bg,rw,intr      0 0

  ⼭ "hostnode:"  ȣƮ  ̸  ȴ.
   ȣƮ 尡 CDROM  ִ  CDROM NFS ̿ CDROM
    ִµ    /etc/fstab  ִ´.(
   /mnt/cdrom  ִٰ .)

  hostnode:/mnt/cdrom     /mnt/cdrom  nfs  noauto,ro,soft 0 0

   ȣƮ 忡 /etc/exports Ѿ Ѵ.

  #allow nodes to mount /home and read CDROM
  /home   node1(rw) node2(rw), node3(re)
  /mnt/cdrom node1(ro) node2(ro), node4(ro)

  nfs ٽ ϰ ƮѴ. (ps  ̿Ͽ rpc.nfsd
  rpc.mountd pid ˾Ƴ  "kill -HUP pid" Ѵ.)

     ۵ϴ , "mount /home"  忡  غ
  /home ƮǾ Ѵ.  ׷  /var/log/ messages
   ãƳ Ʈ  man page ̿Ͽ ȮѴ.

  ý ۵ǰ ڵ /home Ʈ , CDROM Ʈ
    ̴. ϳ 忡 CDROM Ʈϰ , "mount
  /mnt/cdrom" ϰ /mnt/cdrom CDROM   ̴.

    , /var/log/messages Ȯϰ mount nfs  
  Ŵ ȮѴ.

  6.2.    ߰

  ϳ  ũ̼ǿ ó ȣƮ 忡   
  ߰Ѵ.  忡 ڸ ߰ϴ  ս  ȣƮ 忡
  ִ /etc/passwd  ڿ   Ͽ  
  /etc/passwd  ִ ̴.  ݵ ڿ ׷ id
  Ŭ͸ ؼ   ȮѴ.

  ڴ Ŭ ü ļ α   ִ.

  ٸ  NIS ̿ϴ ̴.(: NIS ؼ
  <http://kldp.org>   ϸ ȴ.)

  7.  : CMS

  CMS (Cluster Management System) Ҹ ٷ̰ ִ.  ̴
  <http://smile.cpe.ku.ac.th/software/scms/index.html>  
   ִ. ο  ؼ ׽Ʈ غ ð  .  
    ؼ ǽð  ͸  ϰ  ۵Ͽ.
  ̴ ý ۰    ϰ ִ.

  8.  Ϸ:

  ڵ带  ϴ  g77 ϰ ִ egcs ϱ⸦
  Ѵ.  Source:  <http://egcs.cygnus.com/> Version: egcs-1.1.1 gzip
  

  egcs ѹ ϰ ġ , /usr/local/ Ѵ.
  ̷ ڵ   ڱڽ θ  
  ´.(ǥ gcc /usr/bin/ Ѵ.)

  Note: Ŀ gcc Ѵ.

  "gcc -V" "which gcc"    Ȯ  ִ.

  g77 egcs FORTRAN Ϸ̴.

  9.  Ųٷ̵

   ϴ Ϻ  ٷ̰  ⿡  Ǵ
  ٷ̵  Ϲ ͵̴.  Ŭʹ   ӽ(local
  memory machine) ̴.   A 忡 B   Ϸ
  Ʈ ؼ ̷. ̷ 鰣 ޼   
  Ʈ ȴ. ޼  ڵ δ ܼ,
  װ ۵  ſ   ִ.

  ⼭ ΰ ޼  ̺귯 ҰѴ:

  9.1.  PVM VS MPI

  PVM MPI  ޼  ִ   Ʈ̴.
     PVM   Ǿ ũ̼ Ʈ °
  Ǿ.(Parallel Virtual Machine) ̴ л  ϰų 
  ʰų    ǻͿ Ǿ Դ.  PVM
   ׿ ؼ װ ̵ ַ ϰ ִ.

  MPI ׿ʹ ޸  ϵ Ǹڿ  ǰ  PVM
     Ѵ. Ŭ͸   ִ. MPI 
   ǥȸ Ѵ.

    PVM MPI   ϳ Ѵٴ Ģ .  MPI
   ǥ  ֱ    MPI ȣѴ. 
  PVM ǰ ִ.    ҽ   ϰ ִ.

  MPI:

  Ӱ   ִ ΰ MPI  ִ.  (: 
  ̿ܿ    <http://kluster.kaist.ac.kr>  Ȯ
   ִ.)

  MPICH(: MPI Chameleon ):

  Source:  <http://www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/mpich/> Version:
  mpich.tar.gz (: ֱ 1.2  .)  Notes: 츮 
        ϰ .

  LAM-MPI:

  Source:  <http://www.mpi.nd.edu/lam/> Version: lam61.tar.gz (:
  ֱ 6.4 .)  Notes: ġ(lam61-patch.tar) ġѴ.
  LAM  -c2c 带     Ÿ.  (:
  -c2c ɼ)

  PVM:

  Version: pvm3/pvm3.4.beta7.tgz Source:  <http://www.epm.ornl.gov/pvm/>
  Notes:  PVM ڵ  .

  10.  ȯ Ʈ:

   Ʈ ó ˸° ȯѴٴ  ð
  ɸ ۾̴. ڵȯ ſ .  ڵȯ FORTRAN
  ȯ ǰ ִ. C ȯϴ    ſ .

  FORTRAN ڵ ȯ BERT Ҹ  ý 
  ۵Ѵ.  <http://www.plogic.com/bert.html> Ӱ  
  ִ.

  11.  Sample .cshrc

  #Assume LAM-MPI, PVM and MPICH
  setenv LAMHOME  /usr/local/lam61
  setenv PVM_ROOT  /usr/local/pvm3
  setenv PVM_ARCH LINUX
  setenv MPIR_HOME  /usr/local/mpich

  set path = {. $path}
  # use egcs compilers first
  set path = (/usr/local/bin $path)
  set path = ($path /usr/local/pvm3/lib/LINUX)
  set path = ($path /usr/local/lam61/bin)
  set path = ($path /usr/local/mpich/lib/LINUX/ch_p4)

  12.  ġŷ ý ׽Ʈ

  12.1.  Ʈ ս: netperf

  Source:  <http://www.netperf.org/netperf/NetperfPage.html>

  Run Script:
  ./netperf -t UDP_STREAM -p 12865 -n 2 -1 60 -H NODE -- -s
             65535 -m 1472
  ./netperf -t TCP_STREAM -p 12865 -n 2 -1 60 -H NODE

  NODE   ̸̴.

  12.2.  Ʈ ս: netpipe

  Source:  <http://www.scl.ameslab.gov/Projects/Netpipe/>

  12.3.   ս: NASA  ġũ

  Source:  <http://www.nas.nasa.gov/NAS/NPB>

  13.  ̴ ä :

  ä   
  <http://www.beowulf.org/software/software.html>

  䱸: ý۴ ΰ ̴ NIC  äδ ΰ  Ǵ 
  äδ ΰ ġ Ǵ ߾ LAN и  ִ ġ

  : ( Ŀ 2.0.36)

  1. ifenslave.c α׷  Ʈ ޴´.  (
  <http://beowulf.gsfc.nasa.gov/software/bonding/html>) 35ο
  ּó "#include     " ׸ "gcc -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -O
  ifenslave.c -o ifenslave"  Ѵ.

  2.Ŀġ Ѵ.( <ftp://ftp.plogic.com> 
  linux-2.0.36-channel-bonding.path Ŀ ġѴ.)׸ xconfig
  Ű Beowulf Channel Bonding  Ѵ.
  3. Ŀ ϰ Ѵ.   ä  ٸ ġ Ǵ
  (Ǵ и ġ)   ϸ ι° Ʈ ̽ IP
  ּҸ ο ʿ䰡 .   ̽ и Ʈ
   ̴.  (ä ) ̴  뿡  ִ.

  ä    ý root αϿ   
  Ѵ.

  ./ifenslave -v eth0 eth1

  ̴ eth1 eth0  ش.  eth0 ̹ ýۿ
  ޾Ƶ鿩 ְ Ŭ Ʈ ϰ ִ. eth1  ý
  ۽ OS(Linux) ؼ ȴ.

   ݵ ȣƮ    ̺ȭ 
  ̷ ۵ ų  ִ.     Ѵ.

  a. â .  b. 2 α Ѵ.  c. root  
  Ѵ.  d. ٸ â  1 ؼ   Ѵ.

  ׷  Ŭʹ äκ  ̴. netperf 
  ġũ غν ̷     ִ.

  äκ    ƴϴ. 츮 ̸  캸ƾ ϸ
  äκ ڵ ǰ ߴ  ԷؾѴ.  ϳ
  ä ս ϱ      ý  ٽ
  ϴ ̰ų Ʈ ޴( Ϻ) ̿  ̽
  ϰ ߰   ִ.

   : ä    ׷  尣 
   ſ .  ü ŬƮ ä  ؾ
  Ѵ.

  14.  LAMԹ:

  LAM ũ̼ Ʈ ˸° ȵǾ.  LAM ϱ
  ؼ  忡 LAM  ۵Ǿ Ѵ.   ̳ 
   ſ ϴ. (LAM ǽð   dead lock 
  ؼ   ִ.)   ڵ尡 ۵ϰ ǥ  ̽
  ִ  ӵ   ִ.   LAM ۰ 㿡
  ȴ.

  14.1.  LAM  

   Ȩ丮

  lamboot -v lamhosts

   Ѵ. ̴ "lamhosts"( ӽ   )
  Ͽ   ǹѴ. ⼭ "-v" ɼ   
  ִ ̴.  NOTE: LAM   α׾ƿ Ȳ 
  Ѵ.

  14.2.   ۵ϴ Ȯ:

  "ps auxww|grep lam"

   ϸ lamd    ش.  NOTE:  ڴ ׵
  ڽ LAM  ų  ִ.

  "mpitask"

      ư Ȯ  ִ ̴.

    ϸ   ȭ鿡 Ÿ.

  TASK (G/L)     FUNCTION    PEER|ROOT   TAG   COMM  COUNT

   Ǵ ۾   Ͱ ƹ͵ Ÿ ʴ´.
   Ǵ ۾ ִ   ۾    ̴.

  14.3.  LAM :

   ۾  LAM  ְ ʹٸ "lamclean"  
  LAM    ִ. Ǵ "wipe lamhosts"  ̿ؼ LAM
     ִ.

  14.4.  α׷ :

  α׷  MPICH  mpirun ؼ ̷ . 
   ٸ ɼ ִ.

  mpirun -O -c 2 -s h -c2c program

  -O =  ȯ Ѵ. (Ư ڵ ٴ ǹ)

  -c =   ư ǹϴ   
   2. NOTE: -c ɼ α׷ "round robin"
  "hostfile" Ưȭ  ̿Ͽ Ҵ.
   -c ɼ ȣƮ  ӽ    LAM
  ȣƮ Ͽ  ִ ӽſ Ǵ ۾ 
  Ŵ.

  -s = డ ҽ (NFS ʿ  ƴ) "h" ǹ̴
  ȣƮκ డ ҽ  ٴ ǹ.

  -c2c = "socket" 带 ûϴ Ŭ̾Ʈ ̿϶ ǹ
  ̴ LAM   ,  尣 ſ 
   ʾƼ ̳  ϴ Ʈ
      ȴ.

  <sect1>ٸ :
  <p>
   man ̿ mpirun, lamclean, lamboot 
     
  /usr/local/src/lam61/doc/mpi-quic-tut/lam_ezstart.tut
     ְ
  <url url="http://www.mpi.nd.edu/lam/">
        ִ.
  <p>
  <sect>PVM Թ
  <p>
  <url url="http://netlib.org/pvm3/book/pvm-book.html">
   Ȯϱ ٶ.
  <p>
  <sect>ġ Configuration:
  <verb>
  BayStack 350T Main Menu

        IP Configuration...
        SNMP Configuration....
        System Characteristics...
        Switch Configuration...
        Console/Service Port Configuration...
        Spanning Tree Configuration...
        TELNET Configuration...
        Software Download...
        Display Event Log...
        Reset
        Reset to Default Settings
        Logout

  ȭǥ ̿ ϴ ɼǿ ŷ ϰ ɼ Ѵ.

  15.   ð 

  2.0.X SMP Ŀο   ִµ  ϳ
  ð̴. ̴  ع  Ͼµ,  
  ذå xntp ̿ؼ ܺο ð ġŰ ̴. 
  쵵,  Ŭ͵ ð  ƾ Ѵ.  xntp
  ̴.

  1.  ý ð ð .  2.  ð CMOS ǽð
  ð "clock -w" ̿ Ѵ.  3.  ýۿ cdrom
  ƮѴ.  4. /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS ̵Ѵ.  5. root
  "rpm -i xntp3-5.93-2.i386.rpm" Ѵ.  6. /etc/ntp.conf
  Ѵ.   ýۿ ؼ   ּ δ.

  #multicastclient             #listen on default 224.0.1.1
  #broadcastdelay 0.008

  ȣƮ ý   ý   Ѵ.

  server HOSTNAME # local clock
  #fudge 127.127.1.0 startum 0

   ⼭ HOSTNAME ȣƮ  ̸̴.  /etc/ntp.conf 
  ݰ ´.

  7. xntp  ýۿ Ѵ. "/sbin/xntpd"

   ý   ̸ /etc/rc.d/rc.local Ͽ
  ÷ν   ִ.

  ð ġ ð  ɸ   /var/log/ messages
  xntp  ޼ Ȯ   ̴.

      ȣƮ 忡 xntp ϰ ý ð
  ǥ ̿ϰڴٴ ̴. ᱹ   ð ȣƮ ð
  ϰ  ̴.

  xntp ý ð RTC(Real Time CMOS) ð ġ ش.
  Ϸ翡 ѹ ġִ   ̴.  ̴ rootμ
  /etc/cron.daily ̿  ְ   ϴ
  "sync_clocks"     ִ.

  #Assume ntp is running, so sync the CMOS RTC to OS system
  #clock

  /sbin/clock -w

  ̷ Ǹ Ŭ  ð ġϰ ǰ ȣƮ 
    ְ ȴ.  ܺνð    ٸ xntp 
   ã   ̴.

  16.  NIC  ġ 

  17.  BEOWULF FAQ

   ܺνð    ٸ xntp   ã 
   ̴.

  1. extreme  CD Ϲ RedHat  ̴?  2. extreme
    Ŭ    Oracle 8   ֳ?

  ̹ GPL Version 2  ȴ.  ̼ ؼ
  <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html>

  Copyright (C) 1999 Paralogic, Inc., 115 Bethlehem PA, 18015 (
  <http://www.plogic.com>)
